Qlatnell UtttuEraitg Siihrarg aitljaca, SJeu) fock BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE SAdE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF HENRY W. SAGE 1891 Date Due 1 Fr I c rq.1 * f3&e-44 _1Q»^QMJL ft r ""T "T n ■iftf»-f« M \ > 1 M-^l ' ^SS^ Cornell University Library QL 737 .U4B82 Cataloaue of, the ungujate mffl^^^ 3 1924 024 783 338 737' CATALOGUE OP THE UNGULATE MAMMALS IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). Vol. II. AETIODACTYLA, FAMILY BOVID^, SUBFAMILIES BUBALIN^ TO EEDUNCIN^ (HARTEBEESTS, GNUS, DUIKEBS, DIK-DIKS, KLIPS PRINGERS, BEEDBUGKS, WATERBUGKS, Etc.). By R. LYDEKKER, F.R.S., ASSISTED BY GILBERT BLAINE. LONDON : PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM. SOLD BY Longmans, Geeen & Co., 39, Patbenosteb Row, E.G. B. Quabitch, 11, Geafton Steebt, New Bond Steeet, W. DuLATj & Co., Ltd., 37, SoHO Squaee, W. and at the Beitibh Museum (Natdeal History), Ceomwell Road, S.W. 19 14. {All rights reserved.) v5^ '^^ y ■ T !„«*'*-- K-b'MVn l-OKDON : I'RISTED BY ^IILLIAU CLOWES AND SONS, I.IjriTtlD, DL-K.E STHEET, STAMFOltD STREET, S E., AND GIIEAT \Vi^•DiIlLL STREET, W. PREFACE The second Volume of the CataloErue of Ungulate Mammals deals with the African Antelopes belonging to the Sub- families Bubalinje, Cephalophinse, OreotraginEe, l^Teotragince, Madoquinse and Reduncinfe, including the Hartebeests, Gnus, Duikers, Klipspringers, Oribis, Dik-diks, Eeedbucks, Waterbucks and their allies. It is hoped that the third Volume will contain an account of the remainder of the Antelopes, of which the Gazelles constitute the most numerous section, and that it will also include the Prong- buck, the Giraffes and the Okapi. The present volume has been prepared by Mr. E. Lydek- ker, F.E.S., with the assistance of Mr. Gilbert Blaine. It need hardly be pointed out that the acknowledgments con- tained in Volume I. of the help received from the donors of specimens and from those who have contributed in other ways to the growth of the Collection apply with equal force to those who have assisted in obtaining and determining the specimens described in the present volume. SIDNEY r. HAEMER, Keeper of Zoology. JBeitish Museum (Natural History), London, S.W. January 10, 1914. Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924024783338 INTEODUCTION My labours in the preparation of the greater part of this volume have been much lightened by Mr. Gilbert Blaine, who has been good enough to examine, name, and catalogue the specimens in the Collection. In regard to the classifica- tion of the heterogeneous group of ruminants commonly included under the designation of " antelopes," it has been deemed advisable to follow the one adopted by Sclater and Thomas in Tlu Boole of Antelopes, with such minor modifica- tions as are necessary in order to bring it, so far as possible, into accord with the emendations in regard to the position of certain generic groups and the limitations of subfamilies proposed by Mr. E. I. Pocock in his article on the Cutaneous Scent-Glands of Euminants, published in the Proceedings of the Zoological Society for 1910. In several cases considerable difficulty has been expe- rienced with regard to the numerous local forms of African antelopes for which separate subspecific names have been proposed, as the specimens in the Collection are quite insufficient to afford a clue as to the value of the characters upon which these forms are based. When such forms are from more or less widely sundered localities they have, as a rule, been recognised as distinct ; but in cases where several have been named from nearly adjacent, or even the same, districts, their right to distinction has not been definitely accepted, and the subspecific titles are merely entered seriatim, under the heading of the species to which they pertain. In all cases the responsibility for the recognition of such local races rests with the writers by whom the names were given, and not with myself. As in the preceding volume," special prominence has been given to external characters, more particularly the horns, in VI INTKODUCTION the definition of groups, in order to render the work more acceptable to sportsmen than would be the case if less easily appreciated features were given the first place. The opportunity may be taken of correcting the following errors in the first volume : — P. 81, last line, for B. S. Giinther read B. T. Giirither. P. 102, line 6 from bottom, for 2. 3. 9. 8. read 2. 3. 9. 6. P. 129, bottom line, p. 162, line 16 from top, and Index, pp. 243, 244, for Orthagoceros read Orthsegoceros. P. 160, line 10 from top, for 50 read 55|. P. 182, line 4 from bottom, for 7^1 read 74. P. 184, line 2 from bottom, for 2jL read SJ. E. LYDEKKER. December IQth, 1913. CONTENTS Preface Introduction PAGE iii Order UNGULATA. Suborder I. — Artiodaotyla. Section A. — Pecoka. Family I. Bovidje . Subfamily v. Bdbalin^ I. Genus Bubalis . I. Bubalis buselaphus II. Bubalis major III. BUE.iLIS TORA A. — Bubalis tora tora B. — Bubalis tora digglei . C. — Bubalis tora rahatensis D. — Bubalis tora swaynei E. — Bubalis tora noaoki . IV. Bubalis cokei A. — Bubalis ookei cokei B. — Bubalis cokei rothscbild: C. — Bubalis ookei nakurse D. — Bubalis cokei kongoni V. Bubalis neumanni VI. Bubalis lelwel A. — Bubalis lelwel B. — Bubalis lelwel 0. — Bubalis lelwel D. — Bubalis lelwel E. — Bubalis lelwel F. — Bubalis lelwel VII. Bubalis oaama A. — Bubalis caama B.^Bubalis caama lelwel . tschadensis jacksoni niedieoki insignis roosevelti caama selbornei VIII. Bubalis lichtensteini 1 2 3 4 6 8 10 11 11 12 13 13 15 16 16 17 18 19 20 20 21 23 23 24 24 27 27 29 VIU CONTENTS PAGE II. G-BNUS Damaliscds ... . . 32 I. Damaliscds pygaegds . . • '^'^ II. Damaliscus albifeons . ^^ III. DAMAUSCaS LUNATDS . . '^'^ TV. Damaliscus koeeigum . . • ^^^ A. — Damaliscus korrigum korrigum . . 41 Pi. — Damaliscus korrigum tiang 42 C. — Damaliscus korrigum selousi . . 44 D. — Damaliscus korrigum jonesi . ■ 44 E. — Damaliscus korrigum jimela . 44 F.— Damaliscus korrigum phallus . 46 V. Damaliscds hdnteei . . 46 III. Genus Connoch;etes . . 48 I. CONNOCH^TES GNU . ... 50 II. GONNOCII^TES TAURINUS ... 54 A. — Connochaetes taurinus taurinus . 56 B. — Connochaetes taurinus johnstoni . 57 C. — Connochffites taurinus hecki . . 57 D. — Connochsetes taurinus albojubatus 58 Subfamily vi. Cephalophin^ . . . 59 Genus Cephalophus . . 60 1. Subgenus Cephalophus . . 63 I. Cephalophus sylyiculteix . 63 II. Cephalophus jentinki . . 66 III. Cephalophus spadix . 67 IV. Cephalophus natalensis . . 68 A. — Cephalophus natalensis natalensis . 69 B. — Cephalophus natalensis amcenus 69 C. — Cephalophus natalensis robertsi , . 70 D. — Cephalophus natalensis bradshawi 71 Y. Cephalophus centealis . . . .71 VI. Cephalophus nigeifrons ... 72 VII. Cephalophus clauli . . . 73 VIII. Cephalophus eubidus .... 73 IX. Cephalophus weynsi ... 74 X. Cephalophus johnstoni . . . 75 XL Cephalophus ignifee . , . 75 XII. Cephalophus harveyi ... 76 A. — Cephalophus harveyi harveyi ... 77 B. — Cephalophus harveyi kenite . 77 CONTENTS IX PAGE XIII. Obphalophus lbopoldi ... 78 XIV. Cephalophus leucogaster . . 79 XV. Cephalophus doesalis .... 80 XVI. Cephalophus castaneus .... 81 XVII. Cephalophus leucochilus ... 82 (?) Cephalophus emini . 83 XVIII. Cephalophus ogilbyi . . . 83 XIX. Cephalophus brookei. . . 84 XX. Cephalophus callipygus ... 85 XXI. Cephalophus eufilatus .... 86 A. — Cephalophus rufilatus rufilatus . . 87 B.— Cephalophus rufilatus rubidior . 89 XXII. Cephalophus dori.s: .... 89 XXIII. Cephalophus niger . . 91 XXIV. Cephalophus walkeri . . 92 2. Subgenus Guevei ... .93 XXV. Cephalophus (Guevei) siaxwelli . 93 XXVI. Cephalophus (Guevei) melanorheus . . 96 A. — Cephalophus melanorheus melanorheus 97 B. — Cephalophus melanorheus sundevalli . 97 C. — Cephalophus melanorheus anohietse . . 98 D. — Cephalophus melanorheus sequatorialis . 98 E. — Cephalophus melanorheus musouloides , 99 XXVII. Cephalophus (Guevei) monticola . . 100 XXVIII. Cephalophus (Guevei) kyas^; 103 A. — Cephalophus nyasEe nyasae 103 B. — Cephalophus nyasiE defriesi . . . 104 C. — Cephalophus nyasae congious . . . 104 XXIX. Cephalophus (Guevei) hecki . . 105 XXX. Cephalophus (Guevei) simpsoni . . 105 XXXI. Cephalophus (Guevei) lugens . . . 106 3. Subgenus Sylvicapra . . . 107 XXXII. Cephalophus (Sylvicapra) guimmi . . 107 A. — Cephalophus grimmi grimmi . 110 B. — Cephalophus grimmi flavescens . 112 C. — Cephalophus grimmi altifrons . . . 113 D. — Cephalophus grimmi splendidulus , . 114 E. — Cephalophus grimmi coronatus . . . 114 F. — Cephalophus grimmi campbellife . . 116 CONTENTS G. — Ceplialophus grimmi abyssinicus H. — Cephalophus grimmi nyansEB I. — Cephalophus grimmi hindei J. — Cephalophus grimmi altivallis K. — Cephalophus grimmi shirensis . L. — Cephalophus grimmi roosevelti . XXXIII. Cephalophus (Sylvicapra) leucopkosopds Subfamily vii. Geeoteagin^ .... Genus Oreotragus . Oeeoteagus oeeoteagus .... A. — Oreotragus oreotragus oreotragus B. — Oreotragus oreotragus saltatrixoides C. — Oreotragus oreotragus aureus D. — Oreotragus oreotragus sohillingsi E. — Oreotragus oreotragus somalicus P. — Oreotragus oreotragus aceratos . G. — Oreotragus oreotragus porteousi Subfamily viii. Neoteagin.e I. Genus Ourebia . . . . I. OURBBIA OUEEBI II. OUEEBIA HASTATA . III. OuEEBIA NIGRICAUDATA IV. OuREBIA MONTANA . A. — Ourebia montana montana B. — Ourebia montana cequatoria V. Ourebia haggaedi .... VI. Ourebia keny^ VII. Ourebia microdon VIII. Ourebia goslingi . IX. Ourebia oottoni X. Ourebia gallaruji. II. Genus Eaphicerus ... 1. Subgenus Eaphicerus I. Eaphicerus campestris . A. — Eaphicerus campestris campestris B. — Eaphicerus campestris natalensis C. — Eaphicerus campestris neumanni D. — Eaphicerus campestris stigmaticus E. — Eaphicerus campestris capricornis PAGE 117 118 119 120 120 121 121 122 123 123 126 126 127 127 128 130 130 131 132 133 135 137 188 139 140 140 141 142 143 144 144 145 146 146 149 151 151 152 153 CONTENTS xi PAQK II. Raphioerus shakpei ..... 153 A. — Raphicerus sharpei sharpei . . 154 B. — Raphioerus sharpei colonicus . . . 155 2. Subgenus Nototeagus ..... 155 III. Raphioerus (Nototragus) melanotis . . 155 III. Genus Neotragus . .... 158 1. Subgenus Nesoteagus ... . 159 I. Neotragus (Nesotragus) moschatus . . 159 A. — Neotragus moschatus moschatus . . 160 B. — Neotragus moschatus alieleyei . . 161 C. — Neotragus moschatus deserticola . . 162 II. Neotragus (Nesotragus) livingstonianus 162 A. — Neotragus livingstonianus livingstonianus . 163 B. — Neotragus livingstonian^TS zuluensis . . 164 2. Subgenus Hylaenus. . . . 166 III. Neotragus (Hylarnus) b.atbsi . . 166 IV. Neotragus (Hylarnus) hareisoni . 167 3. Subgenus Neotragus ..... 168 V. Neotragus pygmjEus . . . .169 Subfamily ix. Madoquin^e . . . 172 I. Genus Madoqua .... . . 172 1. Subgenus Madoqua . . 173 I. Madoqua saltiana. . 174 II. Madoqua swaynei . . . 176 III. Madoqua piacentinii . . 177 IV. Madoqua phillipsi . . . 177 A. — Madoqua phillipsi phillipsi . 178 B. — Madoqua phillipsi harrarensis . 179 C. — Madoqua phillipsi gubanensis . . 181 V. Madoqua erlangeki . . . 182 VI. Madoqua cordbauxi . . 182 2. Subgenus Bhynchoteagus . 183 VII. Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) damarensis . 184 A. — Madoqua damarensis damarensis . 184 B. — Madoqua damarensis variani . 185 VIII. Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) cavendishi . . 185 A. — Madoqua cavendishi cavendishi . . . 186 B. — Madoqua cavendishi minor . . . 187 XU CONTENTS PASK IX. Madoqua (Bhynchotragus) kikki . . . 187 A. — Madoqua kirki kirki ... 1^8 B. — Madoqua kirki nyikas . • 189 C. — Madoqua kirki hindei .... 190 X. Madoqtja (Rhynchoteagus) thomasi . 191 XI. Madoqua (Bhynchotragus) gubntheri 191 A. — Madoqua guentlieri guentheri . . . 192 B. — Madoqua guentheri wrouglitoni . .193 C. — Madoqua guentheri smithi . 194 XII. Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) nasoguttata . 194 II. Genus Dorcotragus ... . • 195 Dorcotragus megalotis . . . 195 Subfamily x. Eeduncin/E I. Genus Pelea Pelea oapkeolus 197 199 199 202 203 II. Genus Eedunca . 1. Subgenus Eleotragus I. Eedunca (Eleotragus) arundinum . . 203 A. — Eedunca arundinum arundinum . . 206 B. — Eedunca arundinum oocidentalis . 210 2. Subgenus Eedunca .... 210 II. Eedunca redunca . . , 211 A. — Eedunca redunca redunca . 213 B. — Eedunca redunca bohor . . 214 C. — Eedunca redunca wardi 215 D. — Eedunca redunca tohi 217 E. — Eedunca redunca cottoni 217 E. — Eedunca redunca nigeriensis . 219 G. — Eedunca redunca ugandse . . 220 III. Eedunca fulvorueula . . . 220 A. — Eedunca fulvorufula fulvorufula. 222 B. — Eedunca fulvorufula chanleri 223 C. — Eedunca fulvorufula shoana . . 224 III. Genus Kobus ...... 225 1. Subgenus Kobus . . . . 226 I. Kobus ellipsiprymnuh . 226 II. Kobus defassa ...... 232 A. — Kobus defassa defassa . . 238 B. — Kobus defassa ugandse .... 240 CONTENTS Xiii PAGE C. — Kobus defassa unotuosus .... 241 D. — Kobus defassa orawshayi . . 244 E. — Kobus defassa penrioei . 245 2. Subgenus Onoteagus . . . 246 III. Kobus (Onotragus) leche . 246 IV. Kobus (Onoteagus) robeetsi . 249 V. Kobus (Onoteagus) smithbmani . . 249 VI. Kobus (Onoteagus) maeia . . 251 3. Subgenus Adenota . . . . 253 VII. Kobus (Adenota) kob . . 253 A.— Kobus kob kob ... . 256 B. — Kobus kob nigricans . 258 C— Kobus kob adolfi . . 259 D. — Kobus kob bahr-keetse . 259 E. — Kobus kob ubangiensis . 259 F.— Kobus kob alurse . . . 260 G. — Kobus kob loderi . . . 260 H. — Kobus kob neumanni ... 262 I. — Kobus kob notatus . . . 263 J. — Kobus kob tbomasi . . . . 264 K. — Kobus kob nigroscapulatus . 265 L. — Kobus kob leucotis . . 266 VIII. Kobus (Adenota) vardoni . . 268 A. — Kobus vardoni vardoni 269 B. — Kobus vardoni senganus . . . 269 LIST OF ILLUSTEATIONS PAGE -Skull and Horns of Tora Hartebeest {Buhalis tora) . 9 -Head of Coke's Hartebeest [Buhalis coJcei) ... 14 -Skull and Horns of Jackson's Hartebeest {Buhalis lelwel jaclcsoni) . . . . . 22 -Head and neok of Northern Eaoe of Eooi Hartebeest {Buhalis caama selbornei) . . .26 -Head of Lichtenstein's Hartebeest {Buhalis lichten- steini) . . . . . . 30 -Head of Tiang {Damaliscus Iwrrigum tiang) . 42 . — Skull and Horns of Herola or Hunter's Hartebeest {Damaliscus hunteri) ...... 47 -The Gnu {Connocluetes gnu) ..... 49 -Skull and Horns of Gnu {Gonnochcetes gnu) . 53 -Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Yellow- backed Duiker {Cephalophus sylvicuUrix) . . 65 -Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Duiker- bok {Cephalophus grimmi) . . . 112 -Front and Side Views of Skull of Somali Klipspringer (Oreotragus oreotragus soinalicus) . . . 129 -Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Peters's Oribi {Ourehia hastata) . . 136 -Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Kenia Oribi {Ourehia Icenyce) ...... 142 -Front and Side Views of Skull of Steinbok {Baphicerus campestris) . . .... 150 -Livingstone's Suni {Neotragus [Nesotragus] living- stonianus). A, Male, changing coat, and female. B, Female .... . . 163 ,, 17. — Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Zulu race of Livingstone's Suni {Neotragus \Nesotragus'\ living stonianus zuluensis) ..... 165 ,, 18. — Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Bates' Dwarf Antelope {Neotragus [Hylarnus] hatesi) . 167 ,, 19. — Front and Side Views of Skull with one Horn, and without lower jaw, of the Boyal Antelope {Neotragus pygmosus) ........ 171 , , 20. — Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Harrar Eaoe of Phillips' Dik-Dik {Madogua phillipsi harrarensis) 180 ,, 21. — Front and Side View of Skull and Horns of Cavendish's Dik-Dik {Madogua [Bhynchotragus] cavendishi) ........ 186 Fig . 1. )) 2.- 5) 3.- 5J 4. )) 5.- n 6.- '» 7.- )) 8. 11 9. 1) 10.- 5! 11. 55 12. !) 13. 5) 14.- 15 15. )) 16.- XVI LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PAOE Fig. 22.— Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of the Beira {Dorcotragus megalotis) .... 196 ,, 23.— Skull and Horns of tlie Vaal Ehebok {Pelea capreolus) 201 „ 24. — Head of Eeedbuck (Redunca [Eleotragus] arundinum) 207 ,, 25. — Skull and Horns of Eastern Bohor Beedbuck (Bedunca redunca wardi) . . 216 ,, 26. — Head of Sudani Bohor Eeedbuck (Bedunca redunca cottoni), from Mongalla . . . 218 ., 27. — Skull and Horns of Uganda Defassa (Kohus defassa ngandai) . . 23.3 ,, 28. — Skull and Horns of Shari Defassa (Kohus defassa nnctuosrisC!) ) . . . . . 243 ,, 29. — Head of the Lechwe (if o&Jts [Onotragus^ leche) . . 248 ,, 30. — Skull and Horns of Mrs. Gray's Leohwe (Kohus [Onotragus'] maria) . . ... 252 ,, 31. — Skull and Horns of Western Kob (Kohus Jioh) . . 257 „ 32. — Skull (%vanting lower jaw) and Horns of Loder's Kob (Kohus hoh lodcrl). (From " Proc. Zool. Soc." 1899, p. 983) . . . 261 „ 33. — Head and neck of Albert Nyanza Kob (Kohus Icoh neumanni.) (From a photograph lent by Eowland Ward, Ltd.) . . .... 262 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATE S VOL. II. Family BOVIDiE {continued). KEY TO SUBFAMILIES OF BOVIDM INCLUDED IN THIS VOLUME. c. Horns (when twisted) heteronymous (vol. i, p. 10). a. Horns in both sexes, relatively large, in females ; never in the form of relatively short straight spikes. Size, medium or large. a' . Horns fibrous, depressed, with opposed edges of bases forming parallel approximated lines on forehead... Ovibovince (vol. i). v. Horns close-grained and more or less nearly cylindrical, at least at tips, and opposed edges of bases not forming parallel lines on forehead. a^. Horns conical and gently or strongly recurved, or bent downwards and outwards at bases, and finally directed up- wards ; never strongly ridged. Tail (except in two species of Nemorhcedus) short Btipicaprince [-volA). b^. Horns sublyrate, strongly ridged, and often sharply bent near middle, or smooth and directed at first outwards or downwards. Tail relatively long ■. Bubalina', p. 2. ?y II. B 2 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 6. Horns present or absent in females ; when present in both sexes, spike-shaped. al . Horns in the form of relatively short straight spikes. Face - glands present ; tail short or medium. Size small to large. a''. Horns frequently present in female. Faoe-glands forming a line on a bare streak. Head crested. Size medium or small CeiyhalopUnw, v. Horns (except in one race of Oreo- [p- 59. tragus) normally absent in female. Face - glands not forming a line on a bare streak. Head not crested. Size small. a". Hoofs truncated Oreotragimr , p. 122. 5^. Hoofs normal. a*. Muzzle with large bare area reaching hind angle of nostrils Neotragina;, p. 131. 6*. Muzzle with small bare area, notreaohingmueh beyond front angle of nostrils Macloqtdnci', p. 172. V. Horns (except in Pelea) not in the form of relatively short straight spikes ; absent in females. Face- glands and (except in Pelea) foot- glands wanting ; tail medium. Size, medium or large Beduneincf, p. 197. Subfamily v.— BUBALINiE. Size large. Tail medium or long, terminally crested or clothed with long hairs. Muzzle with a small bare muffle and large valvular nostrils, of which the lower margins are clothed with short bristly hairs. Eace-glands placed near eyes, of an invaginated type, not forming a line of pores ; foot-glands in a deep interdigital cleft, with the orifice forming a long slit bordered above by a sharply defined line in fore-feet, absent or rudimentary in hind feet ; apparently no glands in groin. Teats 2 or 4. Lateral hoofs well developed. Horns heteronymous, present in both sexes, relatively large in females ; of moderate length, and either rid'^ed, upright, and doubly or singly curved, with smooth tips, or smooth throughout, and directed at first mainly outwards or downwards. Skull with shallow lachrymal depressions, but no lachrymal vacuities or supraorbital pits. Upper molar hypsodont, with narrow crowns, and no inner accessory BUBALINiE 3 column. Vertebrae : usually c. 7, d. 13, l. 6, s. 5, ca. 12-14, but in Connochcetes gmi D. 14. The distributional area embraces practically the whole of Africa, where the country is suitable to these antelopes. In the Pliocene it included India. The three genera here recognised are distinguished as follows : — A. Horns rising more or less vertically, ringed, with smooth tips ; face-gland with a single orifice leading into a hair-lined tube, which dips into the substance of the gland. a. Horns doubly curved, more or less sharply angulated, mounted on an elevated pedicle, and face abnormally elongated Buha lis. h. Horns simply curved, without sharp angulation, not supported on a pedicle, and face of normal proportions Damaliscus. B. Horns directed mainly outwards or downwards at starting, smooth throughout ; face-glands without central orifice and tube, their free surface consisting of a sparsely haired area of skin Connochcetes. I. Genus BUBALIS. Bubalis, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, p. 154, 1814 ; Solater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 5, 1894 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 900. Alcelaphus, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, x^- 75 ; Biitimeyer, Abh. schweiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 47, 1877. Damalis and Acronotus, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, pp. 343 and 345, 1827. Sigmooeros, Seller, Smdthson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 4, 1912. Large ungainly antelopes, with abnormally long faces, and horns, which are strongly ridged for the greater part of their length, and doubly curved, with a more or less marked " elbow " at commencement of smooth tips, rising in a more or less vertical direction from a cylindrical pedicle surmounting the fronto-occipital region. Neck without mane, tail reaching below hocks, moderately haired, generally with a crest of long hair on upper side of terminal half; a whorl of hair on forehead, and hair on middle line of face below this directed downwards to a point a short distance above nose, where there is a second whorl ; face-glands large, with a central B 2 4 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES orifice leading to a hairy tube, usually tufted. General colour uniform brownish, yellowish, or rufous, with or •without dark markings on face and limbs. Distribution co-extensive with that of subfamily. The eight species here recognised may be briefly diagnosed as follows : — A. Horn-pedicle relatively short; horns U-shaped when viewed full-face. a. Size small, shoulder-height about 3 feet 8 inches B. huselaphus. b. Size larger, shoulder-height from about 4 feet 2 inches to 4 feet 6 inches B. major. B. Horn-pedicle of medium height ; horns more or less of an inverted bracket-shape { — ^ ). a. Horns relatively slender, with middle portion inclining upwards B. tora. b. Horns stouter, typically with middle portion horizontal B. cokei. 0. Horns more or less intermediate in form between those of B and d B. neumanni. D. Horn-pedicle very tall ; horns V-shaped in full face. a. A dark face-blaze, dark markings on shoulders, thighs, and fore-legs, and a whitish patch on sides of buttocks B. caaina. b. Dark and light markings absent, or represented only by small patches on face and fore-legs B. Iclwel. Horn-pedicle very short and broad ; horns much incurved before sub-terminal elbow B. Uchtensieini. I. BUBALIS BUSELAPHUS. Antilope buselaphus, Pallas, Misc. Zool. p. 7, 1766. Antilope bubalis, Pallas, Sjiicil. Zool. fasc. i, p. 12, 1767, xii p. 16, 1777 ; Milller, Natursyst, Szippl. p. 54, 1776 ; Erxleben'Sysi. Begn. Anim. vol. i, p. 291, 1777 ; Zimniermann, Spec. Zool. Geogr. p. 544, 1777, Oeogr. GeschicUe, vol. ii, p. 122, 1780 ; Gatterer, Brev. Zool. vol. i, p. 83, 1780; Boddaert,Elenclvus Anim. p. 143, 1785 ; Schreber, SdugtUere, pi. cclxxvii, B, 1787 ; Gmelin, Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 188, 1788; Kerr, Linn.'s Anim. Kingdom, p. 314, 1792 ; Donndorff, Zool. Beytrdt/e, p. 633, 1792 ; Bechstein, XJeber- sicht vierfilss. Thiere, vol. i, p. 95, 1799, vol. ii, p. 645, 1800 ; Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 331, 1801 ; Virey, Nouv. Diet. Hist'. Nat. vol. iii, p. 525, 1803 ; Turton, Lima's Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 114 1806 ; Illiger, Prodr. Syst. Mamm. p. 106, 1811 ; Lichtenstein Mag. nat. Freiinde, vol. vi, p. 163, 1814; G. Fischer, Zoognosia vol. in, p. 417, 1814; Afaelius, Nova Acta Soc. XJpsal. vol. -lii, p. 220, 1815; Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 241, 1816- Des'- marest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. ed. 2, vol. ii, p. 195, 1816 ; Goldfuss Mamm. vol. ii, p. 466, Schreher's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1171, 1820 ' BUBALlNrE 5 Schinz, Cuvier's Tlderreich, vol. i, p. 390, 1821; P. Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. iii, livr. li, 1825 ; Lesson, Man. Manim. p. 381, 1827, Nouv. Tabl. Regne Anim. p. 180, 1842 ; /. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 473, 1829 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Wagner, Sclireber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 469, 1844, vol. v, p. 445, 1855 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 443, 1845 ; G-iebel, Sdugethiere, p. 296, 1855 ; mitimeyer, Abh. schwciz. pal. Oes. vol. iv, p. 47, 1877. Cerophorus (Alcelaphus) bubalis, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75. Damalis bubalis, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 347, vol. V, p. 362, 1827. Acronotus bubalis, A. Smith, 8. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 221, 1833; H. Smith, Nat. Libr. vol. iv, p. 174, 1836; G^-ay, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 157, 1843, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 58, 1847. Bubalus mauritanioias, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 139. Bubalis mauretanica, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 208, 1846 ; Temminch, Msquiss. Zool. Ouine, p. 195, 1853 ; Lydelcher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 195, 1893. Boselaphus bubalis. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 233, 1846, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 139, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 20, pi. XX, 1850 ; Bhjth, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 51. Alcelaphus bubalis. Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. r>. 123, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 43, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 114, 1873 ; Tristram, The Sahara, p. 387, 1860, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1866, p. 86 ; BrooJce, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, p. 643 ; Riitimeyer, Abh. schweiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 47, 1877 ; Jentinl:, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 139, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. [ibid. vol. xi) p. 171, 1892; Lataste, Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux, vol. xxxix, p. 2-'4, 1885. Bubalis bubalis, Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugetiere, vol. iii, p. 217, 1880, ed. 3, p. 355, 1891 ; partim. (?) Alcelaphus bubalis, var. tunisianus, Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 123, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 44, 1872. Alcelaphus bubale, Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 243, 1862. Alcelaphus bubalinus. Flower and LydeJcJier, Study of Mammals, p. 335, 1891. Bubalis buselaphus, Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 7, pi. i, 1894 ; Rothschild, Novit. Zool. vol. viii, p. 177, 1901 ; Anderson and de Winton, Zool. Egypt, Mamm. p. 336, 1902 ; Renshaw, Final Nat. Hist. Essays, p. 149, 1907 ; Hartert, Novit. Zool. vol. XX, p. 35, 1913. Bubalis boselaphus, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 905, 1899 ; Lydeklcer, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 94, 1908 ; Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 134, 1899 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 120, 1910 ; PococTc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 900. Typical locality probably Morocco. Smallest of the group, shoulder-height 3 feet 7 inches to 3 feet 8 inches. Horns mounted on a short pedicle, 6 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES diverging in a regular (J -shaped curve, with little backward inclination of tips. Colour uniform pale rufous or yellowish fawn, with no dark markings on face or limbs, but a pair of indistinct greyish patches on muzzle ; no whitish on lower part of rump ; only terminal tuft of tail black. Approximate basal length of skull 13 inches ; maximum breadth 4| inches. Good horns may measure from 13^ to 15 inches along front curve, the maximum recorded length being 15^ inches. Information is lacking with regard to the distribution of this apparently rare species in North Africa. It has been stated by Tristram that this hartebeest, which has long since been extinct in Egypt, exists in Syria and Arabia, and in support of this statement the authors of the Book of Antelopes refer to a pair of horns obtained by Tristram from the Arabs of Syria " apparently referable to a female of this species." The present writer has, however, been unable to find any other testimony that this, or any other, hartebeest inhabits south-western Asia. 641, a. Skin, mounted. North Africa. Presented hy the Zoological Society, 1855. 98. 6. 16. 1. Head, mounted.- North Africa. Presented hy the Dtike of Bedford, K.G., 1898. 59. 2. 10. 1. Skin and skeleton, female. North Africa. Presented hy the Zoologiccd Society, 1857. 641, e. Horns. North Africa. No histwy. 46. 10. 30. 153. Skin young, mounted. Tunis. Purchased, 1846. II. BUBALIS MAJOE. Boselaphus major, Blyih, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 52. Bubalis major, Ward, Becords of Big Game,* p. 62, 1892, ed. 6, p. 121, 1910 ; MatscMe, Mitth. deutsch. Schutngebiet, vol. vi, pt. 3, p. 17, 1893 ; Lydehher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 196, 1893, Oreat and Small Oa7ne of Africa, p. 134, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 96, 1908; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 11, 1894; Arnold, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 135, 1899 ; de Winton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 358, 1899; Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xxiii, p. 18, 1901 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 390, 1907. * This name like others in the sequel given as dating from Ward's book were first used in the Field by the present writer in articles subsequently republished in Horns and Hoofs. BUBALIN.i; 7 Typical locality probably Gambia. Larger than the preceding species, standing as ranch as 4^ feet at the withers, with more massive horns, which are more sharply bent near the middle of their length, and have long, smooth tips. General colour uniform rufous fawn, ranging from deep rufous almost to greyish fawn, with the face deep brown, and dark brown or blackish streaks on the fore-legs below the knees, and the tail-tuft black. The record horns measure 26f inches along the front curve, with a girth of 13^, and a tip-to-tip interval of 6^ inches. The range extends from Gambia to Nigeria and the interior of the Cameruns, Togoland, etc. 13. 3. 8. 3. Skin, mounted. Leri-n-duohi, North-eastern Zaria, Northern Nigeria. Presented hy Malcolm P. Hyatt, Esq., 1913. 76. 1. 4. 8. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. "West Africa. Pm'chased, 1876. 95. 8. 25. 1-3. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature, and skull, with horns, and skin, female. Lokoja, at junction of Benue with Niger. Presented iy Lieut -Col. Sir F. J. D. Luqard, G.G.M.G., G.B., 1895. 60. 1. 10. 19. Skull, with horns. West Africa. Purchased, 1860. 64. 7. 16. 1. Skull. West Africa; collected by Dalton. Pm'chased, 1864 69. 2. 9. 1. Frontlet and horns. West Africa; received from E. Blyth, Esq. Co-type. Purchased, 1869. 69. 2. 9. 2. Frontlet and horns, female. Same locality and collector. Co-type. Same history. 1987, e. Frontlet and horns, female. West Africa. Ho history. 92. 11. 4. 1. Frontlet and horns. Southern Nigeria ; collected by E. Bower, Esq. Purchased, 1892. 99. 6. 15. 14. Skull, with horns, and skin. Northern Territory of Gold Coast. Presented by Gapt. W. Giffard, 1899. 1. 4. 3. 5. Skull, with horns, immature. Nigeria ; collected by Major Wilkinson. Presented hy J. Roivland Wa.rd, Esq., 1901. 4. 7. 9. 1. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Zungeru, Northern Nigeria. Presented hy Gapt. H. Goelc, 1904. 8 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 4. 7. 9. 2. Skull, with horns, and head-skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 4. 7. 9. 3. Frontlet and horns. Momaji, Northern Nigeria. Same, histori/. 5. 5. 10. 2-3. Two skulls, with horns, and skins. Wase, northern Nigeria. Presented hy Dr. If. K. W. Kumm, 1905. 7. 7. 8. 248. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Ibi, northern Nigeria; Alexander-Gosling Expedition. Presented ly the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907. 7. 7. 8. 249. Skull, with horns, and skin. Ibi ; Alexander- Gosling Expedition. Same history. 7. 1. 8. 250. Skull, with horns, female. Nigeria (?) ; Alexander- Gosling Expedition. Sctme history. 7. 7. 8. 251. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Ibi ; Alexander-Gosling Expedition. Same history. 7. 7. 8. 261. Skin. Ibi ; same collection. Same history. 11. 6. 10. 109. Skull, with horns, and skin. Upper Gambia. Presented hy G. Fenwick Oiven, Esq., 1911. 11. 6. 10. 110. Skull, with horns. Upper Gambia. Same history. 1. 9. 15. 1. Skin. Nigeria; collected by Capt. H. A. Porter. Presented ly J. Eowland Ward, Esq., 1901. 8.10.15.1. Body-skin. Northern Territories, Gold Coast. Presented by G. Dudgeon, Esq., 1908. 13. 8. 3. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Upper Gambia. Presented hy G. Blaine, Esq., 1913. 13. 8. 3. 2. Head-skin. Same locality. Same history. III. BUBALIS TOKA. Alcelaphus tora, Gray, Nature, vol. viii, p. 364, 1873, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, vol. xii, p. 341, 1873, Hand-List Emninants Brit. Mus. p. 172, 1873; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1873, pp. 729 and 762, 1675, p. 529 ; Riltimcyer, Ahh. schiveis. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 47, 1877 ; Jentinh, Gat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 139, 1877, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {ibid. vol. xi) p. 171, 1892; Flotuer and Lydckker, Study of Mammals, p. 335, 1891. Boselaphus bubalis, Heuglin, Nova Acta, Ac. Cces. Leop.-Car. vol. xxx, pt. 2, p. 21, 1863, nee Antilope bubalis, Pallas. Acronotus bubalis, Heuglin, Reise Nordust Afrika, vol. ii, p. 122, 1877, nee Antilope bubalis, Pallas. Bubalis bubalis, Brehm, Thierlehen, Sdugefhicrc. vol. iii, p. 217, 1880 ed. 3, p. 355, 1891 ; partim. BUBALlNrK 9 Bubalis tora, Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 59, 1892, ed. 6, p. 123, 1910; Lijdehher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 198, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899, Gajuc Animals of Africa, p. 100, 1908 ; Sclater and TJiomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 15, 1894 ; Bothschild, Powell -Cotton's Sporting Trip throuqh Abyssinia, p. 461, 1902. if J ' TOEA. T}-pical locality Abyssinia, to which country, together with the lower part of the Blue Nile basiu, this species appears to be restricted. Fig. 1. — Skull and Horns op Tora Haetebeest {Bubalis tora). Size, typically, much the same as in the preceding species ; the shoulder-height ranging, it is stated, from 4 to 4i feet. Horns, which surmount a pedicle of medium height, in the form of a wide inverted bracket, and very slender ; general colour ranging from pale fulvous, with or without a distinct dirty white rump-patch to deep rufous ; tail-tuft black. ^ 10 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES The local races are distinguished as follows : — A. A light rump-patch, but no dark faoe-blaze. a. Horns distinctly bracket-shaped, and forming an obtuse angle at bend, with divergent tips -B. t. tora. b. Horns intermediate between a and c, with tips directed straight backwards B. t. digglei. c. Horns less distinctly bracket-shaped, and forming nearly a right angle at bend, with convergent tips B.t. rahatensis. B. No light rump-patch, but a dark face-blaze. a. Horns directed forwards and then inwards ; general colour deep ruf ou s B. t. swaynei. b. Horns intermediate between those of tora and siuaynei ; general colour deeper rufous ... B.t. noacki. The range includes Abyssinia and Somaliland. A.— Bubalis tora tora. Bubalis tora tj^pica, LydelcJicr, Oreat and Small Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899. Bubalis tora tora, Bothsehild, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. 12, p. 576, 1913. Typical locality Abyssinia. Horns distinctly bracket-shaped, with but slight inward inclination, and forming (in a front view) an obtuse angle ut the bend, after which the direction of the tips is out- wards ; general colour palish fulyous with rufous chin ; a light rump-patch ; limbs also light except front of fore-legs. Skull relatively slender and light ; basal length 15|, and ma.ximum width 5f inches. Fine horns measure from 20 to -2^ along front curve, with a girth of from 9 to 10, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 10 to just over 22 inches. 73. 8. 29. 1. Skin, mounted, with skull (figured in Gray's Hand-List, pi. xli) in head. Dembelas, Abyssinia. Co-type. Purchased, 1873. 73. 8. 29. 2. Skin, mounted, female, with skull (figured 1 )y Gray, loc. cit.) in head. Dembelas. Co-type. Same history. 13. 11. 13. 1. Head, mounted. Binder Valley, White Nile ; collected by Capt. M. E. T. Gunthorpe. Presented by Col. E. J. Gimthorpe, 1913. 13. 11. 13. 2. Head, mounted, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. BUBALIN.E 11 88. 7. 4. 1. Head, mounted. Abyssinia. Purchased, 1888. 88. 7. 4. 2. Skull, with horns (fig. 1). Abyssinia. Same history. 73. 8. 29. 3. Skeleton, mounted, with horns. Dembelas. Purchased, 1873. 73. 2. 24. 12. Skin, skull, and horns. Dembelas. Same history. 73. 2. 24. 13. Skin, skull, and horns, young. Dembelas. Milk-canines exist in skull. Sarrie history. 94. 4. 26. 1. Skull, with horns, Sudan. Purchased {Ward), 1894. 5. 9. 24. 4. Skull, with horns. Sennar. Presented by Capt. E. dc H. Smith, 1905. B. — Bubalis tora digglei. Bubalis toradigglei, Bothschild, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xii, p. 576, 1913. Typical locality Keili, northwards along the Ofat Eiver on the Sudan-Abyssinian frontier. Type in Tring Museum. Horns intermediate in form between those of A and C, with tips directed straight backwards; general colour dark fulvous, tending to rufous, with hair of face-glands and chin black. 1. 7. 6. 12. Skull, with horns, and skin, provisionally referred to this race. Hawash Valley, Abyssinia. Presented by E. A. Pease, Esq., 1901. C— Bubalis tora rahatensis. Bubalis tora rahatensis, O. Neumann, Sitzher. Oes. nat. Freunde, 1906, p. 246; Lydekher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 100, 1908; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 123, 1910. Typical locality Ambu, Eahat, Abyssinia, whence the range extends to middle part of Blue Nile Valley. Type the head figured on p. 334 of Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia ; now in the collection of the author of that work at Quex Park, Birchington. Horns less distinctly bracket-shaped than in typical race, 12 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES with the points inclining inwards, and the bend nearly at right angles. 94. 4. 26. 1. Skull, provisionally referred to this race. Nile Valley. Presented hy J. Eoivland Ward, Esq., 1894. D.— Bubalis tora swaynei. Bubalis swaj-nei, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892. p. 98, pi. y, and pp. 118, 257 ; Swayne, ibid. p. 303, Seventeen Trips through Somalilancl, 6(1.2, p. 305, 1900, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 144, 1899 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 60, 1892, ed. 6, p. 125, 1910 ; Lgdeliher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 198, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, -p. 101, 1908; Sclattr and Thomas, Booh of Antelojies, vol. i, p. 21, pi. ii, 1894 ; Dralce-BrocJcman, Mammals of Somali, p. 57, 1910. Bubalis tora swaynei, Rothschild, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, voL xii, p. 576, 1813. SiG. Typical locality the " Hand " of Central Somaliland. Somewhat smaller than the typical race (shoulder-height about 3 feet, 11 inches), and distinguished by the presence of dark markings on the face and limbs, the richer body- colouring, and the absence of a whitish rump-patch. Horn- tips directed forwards and then inwards ; general colour deep rufous brown, finely speckled with white, due to the white tips of the hairs ; face, except a chocolate band just below line of eyes, gland-tufts, chin, shoulders, fore-legs above knees, thighs, a patch on inside of hind-legs above hocks and an indistinct one on outer side, hind surfaces of pasterns, and upper surface of terminal half of tail, with its crest, black ; hams paler than back, but root of tail and legs (except where black) coloured like back. Fine horns measure from 19 to just over 20 inches along, front curve, with a girth of from 9 to lOj, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 16 to 27 inches. 93. 4. 7. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Somaliland. Presented hj Dr. P. L. Sclater, 1893. 86. 1. 25. 4. Body-skin. Near Berbera; collected by Herr J. Menges. Same donor, 1886. 92. 5. 10. 1. Head-skin, skull, and horns. Somaliland; ■collected by Col. H. G. C. Swayne. Type. Same donor, 1892. 93. 12. 1. 5-6. Two skins and skulls, with horns. Ogaden, Somaliland. Same donor, 1873. BUBALIN.E i:i E.— Bubalis tora noaeki. Bubalis noaeki, 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Oes. nat. Freuiide, 1905, p. 93. Bubalis swaynei noaoki, LydehTcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 101, 1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 125, 1910. Typical locality Eastern Somaliland. General colour deeper rufous, tending to purplish red, ■with the black face-markings indistinct and less defined than in preceding race, but similar limb-markings ; horns intermediate between those of swaynei and tora. Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann. 6. 11. 1. 54. Skull, with horns, and skin. Arusi- Gallaland, Presented lij W N. McMillan, Esq., 1906. IV. BUBALIS COKEI. Alcelaphus cokei, Giinther, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. xiv, p. 426, 1884; Thomson, Masailand, p. 220, 1885; Hunter, Willoughby's East Africa, p. 288, pi. i, fig. 1, 1889; Lugard, East Africa, vol. i, p. 532, 1893. Bubalis cokei. Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 61, 1892, ed. 6, p. 127, 1910 ; Lydehher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 197, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 102, 1908; Jackson, Big-Game Shooting {Badminton Libr.), vol. i, p. 285, 1894 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 27, p). iii, 1894 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 95 {cookei) ; Matschie, Sdugeth. Deutsch-OstafriTca, p. 110, 1895 ; A. H. Neumann, Gi-eat and Small Game of Africa, p. 147, 1899; Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. vol. xvi, p. 155, 1906; Hollister, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 2, 1910 ; Lonnberg, K. Svensha Vet.- Alt. Handl. vol. xlviii, no. 5, p. 149, 1912. KONGONI. Typical locality Usagara, German East Africa. Size medium ; shoulder-height 4 feet to 4 feet 1 inch. Horns (typically) bracket-shaped, on an average shorter and stouter than in the preceding species, with a smaller tip-to-tip interval, and their middle segment horizontal and equal in length to the smooth tips. General colour pale buf&sh fulvous, with brownish chin, and buttocks somewhat paler than back ; tail long, reaching middle of shanks, and its black crest extending over about the terminal three-fourths ; fringes of face-glands shorter than in tora. Basal length of skull 14, maximum 14 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES width 5j inches. Good horns measure from 19 to 21 inches along front curve, with a girth of from 9 to lOJ, and a tip- to-tip interval of from 13 to 18f inches. Pig. 2. — Head op Cokb's Habtbbeest {Bubalis cokei). The distributional area extends from Usagara northwards to Kilimanjaro, Masailand, and the neighbourhood of Lake Eudolf. Tlie races are distinguishable as follows : — B. Horns distinctly bracket-shaped, with middle segment horizontal. a. General colour bright fawn, paler on buttocks B. c. cokei. b. General colour darker and less rufous, with buttocks but little lighter than back B. o. rothscJiildi . c. General colour lighter and more bufBsh than in a, and frontal rufous replaced by tawny jB. u. kongoni. Horns less distinctly bracket-shaped, and ap- proximating to those of the lehvel group B. c. nakurce. BDBALIN^ 15 A.— Bubalis cokei cokei. General characters those of the species. Typical locality Usagara. 92. 10. 18. 3. Skin, mounted. Kilimanjaro district, Oerman East Africa ; collected by Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., and figured by Sclater and Thomas, op. cif., pi. iii. Purchased, 1892. 84. 12. 15. 1. Head-skin and skull, with horns. Mlali Plains, near Mpwapwa. Type. Presented Uj Col. the Hon. W. C. W. Cole, 1884.- 90. 3. 27. 8. Skin and skull, with horns. Mountains of Taita ; collected by Mr. J. Wray. Purchased, 1890. 90. 3. 27. 9. Skull, with horns. Same locality and collector. Same histori/. 4. 7. 2. 2. Head, mounted. East Africa (fig. 2). Bequeathed hy H. Andrew, Esq., 1904. 94. 5. 4. 2. Skull, with horns. Mikindu Plateau, east of Machakos, B. E. Africa. Presented hy Lieut. -Col. Sir F. J. D. Lugard, G.C.M.G., C B., 1894. 10. 6. 10. 1. Skull, with horns. Lanjora, B. E. Africa. Presented hy Br. W. J. Ansorgc, 1910. 10. 6. 10. 1. Skull, with horns. Nairobi, B. E. Africa. Same history. 2. 6. 15. 1. Skull, with horns, wanting lower jaw. El Donyo-eb-IJrru, Ngonini, liift Valley, B. E. Africa. Presented hy C. S. Betton, Esq., 1902. 2. 6. 15. 2. Skull, with horns. Same locality. Same history. 2. 11. 18. 1. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Kilimakin, Ukamba. Presented hy B. Crawshay, Esq., 1902. 2. 11. 18. 2. Skull, with horns. Same locality. Same history. 1. 8. 9. 61. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. ISTai^-asha, B E Africa. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901. 1. 8. 9. 62. Skull, with horns, and head-skin, female. Naivasha. Same history. 10. 4. 20. 3-4. Head skin and skull, with horns. Same donor, 1912. 4. 5. 5. 5-6. Two skulls, one female, with horns. Athi Plains, B. E. Africa. Presented hy C. B. Storey, Esq., 1904. J (J (JATALOGUE OF UNGULATES B.— Bubalis cokei rothschildi. Bubalis rothschildi, 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Oes. nat. Freundc, 1905, p. 94. Bubalis cokei rothschildi, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 103, 1908. Typical locality Adoshebai Valley, northwards of Lake Stefanie. Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann. General colour darker and less distinctly rufous than in typical race, with buttocks and hind-legs differing less in colour from back, and flanks darker and yellower ; scarcely any dark hairs on chin; horns approximating to those of swaynei noacki, but more rounded, with the tips directed more backwardly. No specimen in collection. C. — Bubalis cokei nakurse. Bubalis nakurae, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 6, 1912. Typical locality Nakuru, B. E. Africa. According to its describer, " similar to neumcmni, of the Lake Eudolf district, but differing by its lighter body- coloration and narrower or less broadly bracket-shaped horns ; similar to coJeei in size and general body-colour, but feet with a black band bordering hoof-clefts, and horns narrower and less bracket-shaped." In a later paragraph it is stated that these hartebeests have the horns less widely spread than those of neumanni, and " more or less intermediate between those of cokei and jacksoni in shape, and on this account they have usually been considered hybrids between those species by sportsmen. This, however, is not the case, although they occupy a somewhat intermediate geographical position. They are found on the north-western edge of the range of cokei, and they are really surrounded by this species and actually removed by many miles from the nearest jacksoni. The Nakuru race is known only by a single herd, which inhabits the country lying between Lakes Nakuru and Elmentaita. From neumanni, which occupies the region bordering the BUBALIX.-E 17 north-eastern shores of Lake Eudolf, they are separated liy several hundred miles." That this hartebeest (of which the type is in the U.S. National Museum) is not entitled to rank as a species, may be considered certain, as the under-mentioned specimens show an almost complete gradation to typical skulls of cokei. 1. 8. 9. 60. Skull, with horns. Nakuru. The horns are intermediate in character between those of typical nakura' and those of the next specimens. Presented lij Sir H. E. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.G.B., 1907. 4:. 11. 5. 32. Skull, with horns. Nakuru. The horns of this and the next four specimens appear to agree with the description of those of the type. Presented hy Capt. R. Meinertzliagen, 1904. 4. 11. 5. 33. Skull, with horns. Nakuru. Same history. 4. 11. 5. 34. Skull, with horns. ISTakuru. Same history. 4. 11. 5. 35-36. Two skulls, with horns. Nakuru. Sa^ne history. D.— Bubalis cokei kongoni. Bubalis cokei kongoni, Heller, Smitlison. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 5, 1912. Typical locality Loita Plains, Southern Guaso-nyiro Valley, B. E. Africa. Type in U.S. National Museum. Stated to differ from the typical race by its lighter colour, which is more huffish and less rufous on the body, while the rufous of the forehead of the latter is replaced by tawny. The skull is also stated to be, on the average, wider, with shorter and wider horn-pedicles (width of latter 94 cm., length 114 cm.). This is a highland race, whereas the typical form is a lowland animal. No specimen in collection. II. 18 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES V. BUBALIS NEUMANNI. Bubalis neumanni, Bothschild, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. xx, p. 376, 1897, Novit. Zool. vol. iv, p. 377, pi. xiv, 1897, vol. viii, p. 177, 1901 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. iv, p. 223, 1900 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Oes. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 95 ; Ltldehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 109, 1908 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 133, 1910. Bubalis tora neumanni, Lydehlcer, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899 ; A. H. Neumann, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 141, 1899 ; Heller, Smithaon. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 17, 1912.* Typical locality north-east of Lake Eudolf. Type in Tring Museum. In this species, which may be only a race of cokei, the horns are intermediate to a certain extent between those of the to7-a-cokei and those of the lelwel-caama group. Those of the male are thicker and less divergent, with less distinct ridges, than those of tora, while they do not present the distinct V-shape characteristic of lehvel. Their tips are directed inwards and backwards. General colour fulvous fawn, richer on the back than on flanks, and much paler on under-parts ; chin blackish, and tail-tuft black. 97. 11. 22. 1. Plaster cast of skull and horns. Original from district north-east of Lake Eudolf. Type. Presented by A. H. Neumann, Esq., 1897. 97. 11. 22. 2. Head-skin, on cast of skull and horns, female. Same locality. Paratype. Same history. The following East African specimens belong to the type regarded, together with the Nakuru hartebeest, by Oscar Neumann (Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1895, p. 95) as repre- senting hybrids between B. cokei and B. lehvel jacksoni. 4. 7. 2. 1. Head, mounted. East Africa. Presents com- paratively little difference from the type of B. neumanni. Bequeathed by H. Andreto, Esq., 1904. 2. 2. 12. 1. Skin, mounted, female. Near Lake Baringo, B. E. Africa. Presented by J. Roidand Ward, Esq., 1902. * Heller does not actually use this name, but states that the horns of the type specimens of this hartebeest are " practically the shape of those of tora, of which neumanni appears to be a race." BDBALIN.E 19 VI. BUBALIS LELWEL. Aci'onotus lelwel, Heuglin, Beise Nordost-Afriiu, vol. ii, p. 124, 1877 ; O. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freutide, 1896, p. 78, 1905, p. 95 (lelveT). Bubalis lelwel, Rothschild, Novit. Zool. vol. viii, p. 177, 1901 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. 8oc. 1904, vol. i, p. 456 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 390, 1907 ; Lydekher, Game Animals of Africa,^. 107, 1908, Supplement to do. p. 6, 1911 ; Wa,rd, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 131, 1910 ; Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect. vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 8, 1912. Lelwel. Typical locality west bank of Nile in Jur district, Egyptian Sudan. A large species, standing about 4 feet 4 inches at the shoulder. Horns surmounting a very high pedicle, and forming a V when viewed from in front, with the tips bent backwards at rather more than a right angle ; general colour deep foxy red, either uniform throughout (with the exception of the chin and tail-tuft), or with a certain amount of dark markings on face, spine, and front of fore-legs. The tips of the horns may either converge or diverge to a slight degree. The species is typified by horns obtained by Heuglin in the Egyptian Sudan, but ranges southward to the north of Lake Baringo and Uganda. The races are characterised as follows : — *" A. Small dark markings on face, back, and limbs.... B. I. insignis. B. Dark markings on lower parts of limbs. a. Horns convergent B. I. lelwel. h. Horns less depressed, convergent or diver- gent B. I. tschadensis. c. Horns parallel or convergent ; colour a lighter rufous yellow than in any other race B. I. roosevelti. c. No dark markings, except on chin. a. Horns divergent ; general colour bright rufous yellow B. I. jacksoni. b. Horns parallel or convergent ; general colour a purer and darker rufous yellow B. I. niediecki. * B. I. kenice, Kenia district. Heller, Smithson, Misc. Collect. vol. Ixi, no. 17, p. 3, 1913, was described too late for inclusion in this list. C 2 20 CATALOGUE OF UKGULATES A.— Bubalis lelwel lelwel. Bubalis lelwel typioa, LydeTiJier, Game Animals of Africa, p. 107, 1908. Bubalis lelwel lelwel, Schwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 265, 1913. Typical locality Jur Valley, on west side of Nile, Sudan. Typified by horns collected by Heuglin. Horns relatively short, heavily ridged at base, with the tips slightly divergent ; and, according to Heller, dark markings on front of legs, although Neumann stated that the entire colour is uniform. 0. 6. 4. 1. Imperfect skull and horns. From a tomb at Abadiyeh, Lower Egypt ; collected by Prof. Minders-Petrie. Presented liy Committee of Egyptian Exploration Fund, 1900. 11.8.14.28-29. Two similar specimens. Same locality. Same donors, 1911. 59. 9. 23. 2. Skull, female. Dour (? = Jur, or Djur), Bahr-el-Ghazal; collected by Consul J. Petherick. The reference of both this and the following specimens to the present race is provisional. Purchased, 1859. ■ 84. 5. 1. 8. Prontlet and horns, female. Bahr-el-Ghazal ; collected by Herr F. Bohndorff. Purchased, 1884, 7. 7. 8. 247. Skin. Between Tonga Island and Lake No, Bahr-el-Ghazal ; collected duriug Alexander-Gosling Expedi- tion. Presented hy the Alexander- Gosling Expedition, 1907. 0. 9. 13. 1. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Bahr-el- Ghazal. Presented ly Lieut. H. L. Fell,.B.K, 1900. B, — Bubalis lelwel tsehadensis. Bubalis lelwel tsehadensis, Schwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 265, 1913. Typical locality Ketekma, east of Tsohekna, Bagii-mi. Type in Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt-am-Maine. Distinguished from I. lelwel by the longer and narrower nasals, and less depressed horns, in which the strongly curved tips may incline either inwards or outwards, while the front view is more distinctly V-shaped. A narrow seal-brown band above the hoofs, followed by a similar stripe on front of legs reaching to knees and hocks. From I. lelwel and /. niediecki this race differs by the more upright direction and BUBALIN.E 21 curved tips of the horns, wliile it is distiuguished from /. rooscrclii by the presence of narrow dark bands above hoofs and by the leg-stripes being seal-brown instead of tawny. 7. 7. 8. 217. Skull, with horns. Well6 Valley ; collected during Alexander-Gosling Expedition. Presented hij the Alcxandcr-G Obli a2 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 1. 4. 27. 10. Skull, with horns. Locality unknown. Prcficnted hy Lieut.-Col. Manning, 1901. 7. 4. 12. 1. Skull, with horns, female. Barotsiland, X.A^^ Ehodesia. Presented hj J. RoiDland Weird, Esq. 8. 2. 14. 3. Skull, with horns. Between Diampwe and •Gala Hill, S. Angoniland. Presented lij C. B. C. Storey, Esq., 1908. 8. 2. 14. 4. Skull, with horns. K Angoniland. Same history. II. Genus DAMALISCUS. Damalis, Q-ray, Ann. Mag. Nat, Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 233, 1846, nee H. Smith. Damalisous, Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 51, ] 894 ; Pococtc-, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 902. BeatragQS, Heller, Smitlison. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 8, 1912. Nearly related to Bubalis, but withers generally less elevated, and the skull with the frontals not prolonged upwards to form a horn-pedicle, so that the parietal aspect looks upwards instead of backwards, and the face is shorter. Horns forming a simpler sigmoid curve, without a distinct " elbow " at the backward bend. Hair of face directed uniformly upwards ; face-glands small and not tufted. The range of the genus includes such portions of Ethiopian Africa {i.e. Africa soutlr of the Atlas and the northern tropic) as are suited to the habits of its members. The five species here recognised may be distinguished as follows : — A. Tail-crest black ; no spectacle-mark between eyes ; 3 lower premolars. «.. Lower segment of limbs partially white ; face- blaze white in adult. a'. A white rump-patch D. pygargus. b'. No white rump-patch D. alhifrons. b. Limbs wholly dark ; face-blaze usually dark. a'. Horns directed mainly upwards, in a sublyrate form D. Jcorrigum. b'. Horns bowed outwards at first, forming a lunate curve D. lunatus. B. Tail-crest white ; a white spectacle-mark between eyes; 2 lower premolars D.hunteri. BUBALINjE I. DAMALISCUS PYGAEGUS. Antilope dorcas, Pallas, Misc. Zool. p. 6, 1766, nee Capra doroaa, Linn. Antilope pygarga, Pallas, Spicil. Zool. faso. i, p. 10, 1767, faso. xii, p. 15, 1777 ; Erxlehen, Syst. Regn. Anim. p. 287, 1777 ; Zimmer- mann, Geogr. Oeschichte, vol. ii, p. 119, 1780 ; Gatterer, Brev. Zool. vol. i, p. 82, 1780 ; Schreher, Sdugthiere, pi. oolxxiii, 1784 ; Boddaert, Mlenchus Anim. p. 143, 1785 ; Gmelin, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 187, 1788 ; Kerr, Linn.'s Anim. Kingdom, p. 311, 1792; Donndorff, Zool. Beytrdge, p. 628, 1792; Bechstein, TJebersicht vierfuss. Thiere, vol. i, p. 87, vol. ii, p. 644, 1800 ; Shatv, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pfc. 2, p. 352, 1801 ; Turton, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 113, 1802; Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. v61. xxiv, p. 38, 1804, ed. 2, p. 186, 1816, Maminalogie, vol. ii, p. 456, 1822; Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 233, 1804; Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 106, 1814 ; Fischer, Zoognosia, vol. iii, p. 435, 1814 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 220, 1815; Goldfuss, Schreher's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1187, 1820; Schinz, Cuvier's Thierreich, vol. i, p. 388, 1821, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 402, 1845 ; Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 443, 1822 ; Burchell, List Quadr. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 5, 1825 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 373, 1827 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 73, 1832 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Water- house, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 41, 1838 ; Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 412, 1844, vol. v, p. 447, 1855. Capra cervicapra, Miiller, Natursyst. vol. i, p. 414, 1773, nee Linn. Antilope grisea, Boddaert, Elenchus Anim. p. 139, 1785. Capra scripta, Thunberg, Beise, vol. ii, p. 50, 1789, English Transl. vol. ii, p. 44, 1793, neo Antilope soripta, Pallas. Antilope maculata, Thunberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. vol. iii, p. 315, 1811. Cerophorus (Gazella) pygarga, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75. Cervus pygargus, Oken, Lehrbuch Naturgeschichte, vol. iii, pt. 2, p. 738, 1816. Antilope personata, Woods, Zool. Journ. vol. v, p. 2, 1885. Oazella pygarga, Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. xvii, 1840; Gray, List Mamm. Brit, Mus. p. 161, 1843. Damalis pygarga, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 233, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 59, 1847, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 141, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 21, 1850, Cat. TJngulata Brit. Mus. p. 127, 1852, Cat. Bumiinants Brit. Mus. p. 45, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 116, 1873 ; Layard, Cat. S. African Mus. p. 77, 1861, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 625; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Brit. Mus. p. 244, 1862 ; Fitzinger, Sitzher. h. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 181, 1869 ; Jentinh, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 140, 1887 ; Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {op. cit. vol. xi) p. 171, 1892 ; Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in South Africa, p. 32, 1892. II. D 34 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Bubalis pygarga, Sundevall, E. Svens'ka Vet.-Al. Handl. 1844, p. 209, 1846; Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 195, 1852; Brehm, Thierleben, SdugetUere, vol. iii, p. 217, 1880 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, p. 69, 1892 ; LydeJcker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 202, 1893. Alcelaphus pygargus, Sclater, List. Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 150, 1883; Flower and Oarson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. B. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 273, 1884 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 295, 1889, Nature and Sport in S. Africa, p. 265, 1897 ; Flower and Lydehher, Study of Mammals, p. 335, 1891. Daraaliscus pygargus, Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 73, pi. viii, 1895 ; Lydehher, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 166, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 121, 1908 ; Selous, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 175, 1899 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S.Africa, Mam m. yoI. i, p. 137, 1900; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 145, 1910. Damalisous pygarga, Pococh, Froc. Zool. Sac. 1910, p. 903. BONTBBOK. The type species. Typical locality Cape Colony ; the range extending as far north as the Orange Eiver. Height at shoulder about 3 feet 4 inches.* General colour rufous fawn, darkening into blackish on crown of head, sides of face and neck, flanks, thighs, and fore part of rump, the latter tint also extending down front and outer sides of limbs to knees and hocks, above each of which it forms a garter ; front of face in adult, hind portion of rump, inclusive of root of tail, and knees, hocks, and shanks (with the exception of a dark line down front surface) white ; tail- crest, which reaches hocks, black. Horns sublyrate, without strongly marked basal divergence. In immature animals the face-blaze is wholly slatey grey. Good horns measure from 15 to 16j inches in length, with a girth of from 6 to 6|-, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 5 to 10 inches. Skull-measurements practically the same as in £>. albifrons. 39. 7. 25. 1. Skin, mounted. Cape Colony ; collected by Dr. Smuts. Fnrchased, 1839. 39. 7. 25. 2. Skin, mounted, female. Cape Colony; same collector. PurcJiased, 1839. 96. 11. 28. 1. Skin, mounted. ISTakhtwicht Farm, Bre- dasdorp, Cape Colony. Presented hy F. C. Selous, Esq., 1896. * Nicolls and Eglmgton state that tlie height may reach as much as 3 feet 11 inches. BUBALIN^ 35 96. 11. 28. 2. Skin, mounted, female. Same locality. Same Mstori/. 57. 9. 26. 124. Skin, mounted, young. South Africa. Purchased (Verrcaux), 1857. 43. 9. 27. 26. Skin, mounted, young. South Africa. Pikvchaml (Brandt), 1843. 57. 12. 21. 7. Skeleton. South Africa. Presented ly the Zoological Society, 1857. 51. 10. 23. 13. Skull, with horns. South Africa. Piorchased, 1851. 51. 10. 23. 14. Skull, with horns. S.Africa. Same history. 58. 3. 17. 4. Skull, with horns, female. South Africa. Same history. 644, a. Single horn. Swellendam (?), Cape Colony ; col- lected 17/1/1815. Presented by Dr. W. J. Burehell about 1817. 16,/. Skin, young, mounted. South Africa. Purchased ( Waricich). II. DAMALISCUS ALBIFEONS. Antilope albifrons, Burehell, Travels in South Africa, vol. ii, p. 335, 1824 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. iv, p. 413, 1844, vol. v, p. 448, 1855. Gazella albifrons, Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. xxi, 1840. Damalis albifrons. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 238, 1846, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 141, Knoiosley Menagerie, p. 22, pi. xxii, fig. 1, 1850, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 129, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 45, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 116, 1873 ; Layard, Cat. S. African Mus. p. 77, 1861 ; Fitninger, Sitzber. Ic. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 181, 1869 ; Drummond, Large Game of S. Africa, p. 425, 1875 ; Nicolls and Eglington, Sjportsman in S. Africa, p. 31, 1892 ; JentinJc, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 171, 1892. Bubalis albifrons, Sundevall, K. SvensTca Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 210, 1846 ; Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 195, 1853 ; Brehm., Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 217, 1880 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 68, 1892; Lydelcker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 202, 1893. Alcelapbus albifrons, Buckley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, pp. 286 and 292 ; Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 149, 1883 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 295, 1889 ; Floiver and Lydetther, Study of Mammals, p. 335, 1891. Damalisous albifrons, Sclater and Thomas, Boole of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 79, pi. ix, 1895 ; Lydehher, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 166, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 125, 1908; Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 183, 1899 ; W. L. Sclater, D 2 36 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 141, 1900; Bensliaw, Final Nat. Hist. Essays, p. 156, 1907 ; Ward, Eecords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 147, 1910 ; Pococli, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 900. Blesbok. Typical locality probably uorthern Cape Colony. Very similar to I), j^ygargus but rnfous colour much more predominant owing to the lighter shade of the areas which are dark in the latter species ; the face-blaze divided by a narrow brown bar at the constriction between the eyes ; the rump-patch reduced to a small paler area round the root of the tail, and dark colour continued down outer side of lower part of legs, so that hocks and outer side of knees are rufous fawn instead of white. The summits of the rings of the horns differ from those of the bontebok (D. pijgcirgus) by being yellow, while the horns themselves show a greenish tince. Good horns measure from 16 to 18^ inches in length, with a girth of from 5f to 7^, and a tip to-tip interval of from 7 to 15^ inches. Basal length of skull 11.^ inches, maximum width 5^y inches. The range formerly included the northern plains of Cape Colony, the Orange Eiver Colony, the Transvaal, Griqualand "West, and Bechuanaland. ,53. 8. 29. 48. Skin, mounted. South Africa ; No. 373, a, of the Zoological Society's Catalogue of 1838. Presented hy the Zoological Socieiij, 1853. 96. 11. 28.' 3. Skin, mounted. Driefontein, Orange Eiver Colony. Prc^^cnted hg F. C. Selous, Esq., 1896. 96. 11. 28. 4. Skin, mounted, female. Same locality. Same history. 6. 2. 22. 1. Head, mounted, young, to show dark face- Ijlaze. Presented by the Zoological Society, 1906. 8. 5. 4. 1. Skin, female. North-western Orange Eiver Colony. Presented by W. F. Tuthill, E^q., 1908. 8. 12. 8. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Orange Eiver Colony (?). Presented, 1908. .38. 3. 17. 3. Skull, with horns. S. Africa. Purchased, 1858. 644, c. Frontlet and horns. S. Africa. Purchecscd. 48. 7. 13. 6. & 7. Two frontlets and horns. S. Africa. Purchctsed, 1848. BUBALIN.E 37 48. 7. 13. 7. A similar specimen. S. Africa. Same history. 50. 8. 24. 14-16. Three frontlets with horns, one female. S. Africa. Pvirhascd, 1850. 47. 1. 7. 2. Frontlet and horns, female. S. Africa. Pvrchascd, 1847. 47. 1. 7. 3. Frontlet and horns, female. S. Africa. Same history. III. DAMALISCUS LUNATUS. Antilope lunata, Burchell, Travels in 8. Africa, vol. ii, p. 334, 1824, List Quadr. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 5, 1825; Fischer, Synop. Ma?nm. p. 642, 1830; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, Siippl. vol. iv, p. 471, 1844, vol. v, p. 446, 1855; Scliinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 444, 1845; Oiebel, Sdugthiere, p. 298, 1855. Damalis lunata, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 352, vol. V, p. 364, 1827; Sinuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 89, 1832; Oray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 283, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 59, 1847, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 140, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 21, 1850, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 125, 1852, Cat. Buininants Brit. Mus. p. 45, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 115, 1873 ; Qerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 244, 1862; Fitzinger, Sitsher. h. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 180, 1869 ; Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Baa, vol. ix) p. 139, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (op. cit. vol. xi) p. 171, 1892; Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman, in S. Africa, p. 33, 1892. Aeronotus lunatus, A. Smith, S. African Qiiart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 222, 1834 ; Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. viii, 1840 ; Oray, List Mamm.. Brit. Mus. p. 157, 1843, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 59, 1847. Bubalus lunatus, A. Smith, Illustr. Zool. S. Africa, pi. xxxi, 1841. Bubalis lunatus, Sundevall, K. Svensha Vet.- Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 209, 1846 ; Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Ouine, p. 195, 1853 ; Drummond, Large Game of S. Africa, p. 426, 1875 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, p. 66, 1892 ; Lydehher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 202, 1893 ; Selous, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 1. Alcelaphus lunatus, Buchley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, p. 285 ; Seloiis, ibid. 1881, p. 764, A Hunter's Wanderings in 8. Africa, p. 225, 1881 ; Flower and Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. B. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 273, 1884. Damaliscus lunatus, Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, pi. X, 1895 ; Lydehher, Gi-eat and Small Game of Africa, p. 166, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 128, 1908 ; Vaughan Kirby, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 190, 1899 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 144, 1900; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 150, 1910; Letcher, Big Game N.E. Rhodesia, p. 204, 1911. ot> CATALOGUE OP UNGULATES SaSSABY, or TSBSEBE. Type of Damalis, Gray. Typical locality Cape Colony. Size large ; height at shoulder about 4 feet. General colour dark chestnut-rufous, with the front of face, shoulders, hips, outer sides of legs above knees and hocks purplish black, the black also forming a band on inner side of upper part of limbs, deeper in hind than in front pair; chin and muzzle paler than cheek ; under-parts purplish rufous anteriorly, white posteriorly ; shanks reddish brown. Horns strongly divergent in a lunate form ; their direction being at first upwards and backwards, and then inwards and backwards ; a slight lyration causes both bases and points to be directed slightly upwards, so that the lunate curve is somewhat irregular. Basal length of skull 14| inches, maximum breadth 6j inches. Good horns measure from 16 to 17.^ inches along the front curve, with a girth of from 7i to 8^, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 11^ to 13 J inches. The range comprises south-eastern Africa from north of the Orange Eiver as far westward as Lake Ngami, and northwards to British Central Africa. G42, a. Frontlet and horns, female. Makhwarin Valley, near Lataku; killed 9/7/1812. Type. Presented by Br. W J. BurcheU, ccbout 1817. 42. 4. 11. 5. Skin, mounted. S. Africa; collected by Sir Andrew Smith. Purchased ( IFarivick), 1842. 42. 4. 11. 5* Skin, mounted, female. Same locality and collector. Same history- 98. 10. 11. 2. Skin, mounted. South Africa; collected by r. C. Selous, Esq. Purchased, 1898. 86. 5. 5. 10. Skeleton, with horns. Manyami Valley, Mashonaland; collected by E. C. Selous, Esq., 1886. Purchased, 1886. 86. 5. 5. 11. Skeleton, with horns, female. Same locality and collector. Purchased, 1886. 83. 7. 28. 8. Skin, immature. Bili Valley, Mashona- land ; same collector. Purchased, 1883. 50. 8. 24. 1. Frontlet and horns. S. Africa. Purchased, 1850. BUBALINiB 39 48. 7. 13. 5. Frontlet and horns. S. Africa. Purchased, 1848. 9. 12. 4. 92. Skull, with horns. Mporokoso, south of Lake Tanganyika ; collected by S. A. Neave, Esq. Purchased, 1909. 0. 11. 18. 5. Facial portion of skull and horns. Between Lakes Bangweolo and Nyasa. Presented hy Sir Alfred Sharpe, ICC.M.G., C.B., 1900. IV. DAMALISCUS KOKRIGUM. Antilope senegalensis, Children, Denham and Clapperton' s Travels, Append, p. 192, 1826 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugihiere, Suppl, vol. V, p. 447, 1855 ; nee Cuvier." Damalis senegalensis, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 351, vol. V, p. 363, 1827; Ch-ay, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. i, vol. xviii, p. 283, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 59, 1847, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 140, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 21, pi. xxi, 1850, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 45, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 115, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 244, 1862 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber. h. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 181, 1869 ; Matschie, Nat. Wochenschr. 1894, p. 417. Antilope korrigum, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 103. Damalis korrigum. Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 158, 1843, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 145, 1847. Bubalis senegalensis, Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 195, 1858 ; Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 217, 1880. Alcelaphus senegalensis, Lydekker, Field, vol. Ixxvii, p. 858, 1891. Bubalis korrigum, Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 201, 1893. * Sclater and Thomas, " Book of Antelopes," vol. i, p. 60, after referring to the mixing up of two distinct antelopes by Buffon in the description of his " koba," write as follows : — "The best course seems to be to ignore Buffon's animal altogether, and to reject the names koba and senegalensis that have been founded upon it, although there can be no doubt that the korrigum, as now described, is the Antilope, and Damalis, senegalensis of Children, Hamilton Smith, Gray, and many authors." In a foot-note it is added that the following are the chief references to the koba : — La koba, Buffon, Hist. Nat. vol. xii, p. 210, but not p. 268, or the horn pi. xxxii, fig. 2. Senegal Antelope, Pennant, Syn. Mamm. p. 38, 1764 (name and locality, but not description or woodcut of head, which refer to Bubalis caama). Antilope koba, Erxleben, Syst. Regn. Anim. p. 293, 1777 (name from Buffon, description from Pennant). Antilope senegalensis, Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 285, 1804. 40 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Damalisous korrigum, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 59, pi. vii, 1895 ; Matschie, Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ostafrica, p. Ill, 1895. Damalisous corrigum, Lydehher. Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 166, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 116, 1908 ; Bendall, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 169, 1899; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907 ; Cabrera, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 998; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 139, 1910. If this species be the true Ant Hope lioba of Erxleben, its proper title would be Damaliscus koba, unless the name A. hoba be regarded as too like A. hob to be admissable. Korrigum, or Tiang. Typical locality Bornu. Size large ; shoulder-heisfht from about 4 feet to 4 feet 2 inches. General colour some shade of rich rufous, usually with a black blaze on the face, blue-black patches on the shoulders, hips, and thighs, which form garters on the limbs above the knees and hocks, a black tail-crest, no dark dorsal stripe, and the lower part of the limbs coloured more or less nearly like the body. Tail barely reaching hocks, with crest occupying terminal third. Horns thick, heavily ridged, and sublyrate in form, rising abruptly upwards and then curving backwards, with a regular and medium divergence ; the extreme tips showing a tendency to recurve upwards. Good horns of the typical race measure from 24 to 28i^ inches along the front curve, with a girth of from 9 to lOf, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 4j to 14 inches. The local races may be provisionally characterised as follows : — A. Faoe-blaze black. a. A dark eye-streak. a'. Lower part of legs apparently coloured like body D. k. korrigum. v. Lower part of legs tan; area round eye rufous; nose black D. k. tiang. c'. Area round eye and nose tan D. k. selousi. b. No dark eye-streak. a'. Colourbrownish; limb-markings absent (?) D. k.jonesi. b . Colour bright purplish rufous ; limb- markings strongly developed D. k. jimela. B. Face-blaze whitish buff or white D.k. phallus. BUBALIN.E 41 A.— Damaliscus koprigum korrigum. Damalisous oorrigum typicus, Lydelclcer, Ofcat and Small Game of Africa, p. 166, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 117, 1908; Ward, Eecords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 139, 1910. KOERIGnjI. Typical locality Bornu. General character those of species ; body-colour rich full rufous, with the dark markings strongly pronounced ; a narrow streak given off from the frontal blaze running back- wards and upwards below and behind the eye ; shanks apparently coloured much tlie same as body. Basal lengtli of skull 14f , greatest breadth 5^ inches. 643, a. Skull, with horns. Bornu. Co-type. Presented hjf Capt. H. Clajiperton, R.N., and Col. C. Benhavi, about 1825- 643,5. Skull, with horns. Bornu. Co-type. Same history. 643, d. Skull, with horns. Gambia ; collected by Mr. T. Whitfield. Presented by the Earl of Derby, abov.t 1845. 46. 10. 23. 12. Skull, with horns, female. Same locality and collector. Same donor, 1846. 46. 10. 23. 13. Skull, with horns, fcetal. Same locality and collection. Same history. 88. 8. 20. 5. Skull, with horns. Upper Gambia ; collected by Dr. P. Kendall. Purchased, 1888. 7. 7. 8. 245. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Ibi, Nigeria ; collected during the Alexander-Gosling Expedition from the Niger to the Nile. Presented by the Alexander-Gosling E-xpedition, 1907. 7. 7. 8. 246. Skull, with horns, immature. Same locality and collection. Same history. 4. 5. 21. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Lake Chad. Presented by Lieut'.-Col. Elliot, 1904. 13. 8. 3. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Upper Gambia. Presented by G. Blaine, Esq., 1913. 13. 8. 3. 4. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Same locality. 'S'a»i« liistory. 42 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES B. — Damaliseus korrig-um tiang". Bubalus lunatus, Sundevall, E. SvensTta Vet.-Ah. Handl. 1842, pp. 201 and 243, 1844, nee Antilope lunata, BurcheU. Bubalis koba, Sundevall, K. Svenslm Vet.-Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 209, 1846, nee Azitilope koba, Erxleben.* Damalis tiang, Heuglin, Nova Acta Ac. Cces. Leop.-Gar. vol. xxx, pt. 2, p. 22, pi. i, 1863 ; Fitzinger, Sitzher. h. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 181, 1869 ; Gray, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 46, 1872 ; Matsehie, Sitzhei: Ges. nat. Freunde, 1892, p. 136. Pig. 6. — Head of Tianq [Damaliseus korrigum tiang). Damalis tiang-riel, Heuglin, op. cit. p. 23, pi. ii, 1863 ; O-ray, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 45, 1872. Damalis senegalensis, Heuglin, op. cit. p. 22, 1863 ; Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 3, vol. iv, p. 29, p. 1869 ; Baker, Ismailia, pp. 68 and 74, 1874 ; nee H. Smith. Damaliseus tiang, Sclafer and. Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 63, 1895. * See note on p. 39. BUBALIN^ A?< Damaliscus corrigum tiang, Lydehher, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 166, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 117, 1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 141, 1910. Damaliscus korrigum tiang, PococTt, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 902. Tiang. Typical locality Sobat Valley. Apparently differs from the typical race by the larger amount of black on the inner side of the limbs, and the bright tan of their lower segments, which thus differ markedly from the rufous of the body. There is, however, but one skin of the typical race in the collection for comparison. Nose black. Sclater and Thomas state, from the evidence of a single skull, that the tiang, as this race is called, is rather smaller than the korrigum, and the horns are decidedly shorter than those of the latter. Good horns measure from 19 to 22^ inches along front curve, with a girth of from 7 to 9J, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 5| to 8 inches. 91. 8. 8. 48. Skin, mounted. Eenk, Sudan. Presented hy B. McD. Hawker, Esq., 1891. 4. 7. 2. 1. Head, mounted (fig. 6). North-east Africa. Bequeathed ly H. Andrew, Esq., 1904. 9. 7. 8. 2. Skin. Between Tonga Island and Lake No, Bahr-el-Ghazal. Bresented hy C. C. Tower, Esq., 1909. 60. 4. 20. 4. Skull, with horns, immature. Bahr-el- Ghazal; collected by Consul J. Petherick. Bur chased, 1860. 59. 9. 23. 3. Skull, with horns, female. Ajak, Bahr-el- Ghazal ; collected by Consul J. Petherick. Same history. 0. 8. 6. 5. Skull, with horns, young. Bahr-el-Ghazal. Bresented hy C'apt. S. S. Flouxr, 1900. 0. 8. 6. 6. Skull, with horns, female. Same locality. Same history. 0. 8. 6. 4. Skin. White Nile. Same history. 98. 7. 2. 13. Skull, with horns, wanting lower jaw, North-east Africa. Bresented hy H. Andrew, Esq., 1898. 99. 7. 1. 1. Skull, with horns, female. Paki Kowi, White Nile. Bresented hy F. Burges, Esq., 1899. 0.8.7.1. Skin. White Nile. Bresented hy Major H. N. Dunn, 1900. 44 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES C— Damaliscus korrig-um selousi. Damaliscus corrigum selousi, Lydelcltcr, Field, vol. ex, p. 250, 1907, Oame Aiiimals of Africa, p. 117, 1908 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 141, 1910. Typical locality near Londiaai Plateau on the borders of Uganda and B. E. Africa. Differs from D. k. tianr/ by the bright tan of the nose and of the area round the eye, which is bordered inferiorly by the dark streak from the frontal blaze ; the rest of the head being rufous brown. 7. o. 11. 3. Head, mounted. Near Mau Escarpment, B. E. Africa. Type. Prescutcfl hi/ F. C. Scions, Esq., 1907. D.— Damaliscus korrigum jonesi. Damaliscus oon-igum jonesi, Lyde'k'ker, Field, vol. ex, p. 250, 1907, Game Animals of Africa, p. 117, 1908; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 141, 1910. Typical locality Kordofan. jSTo dark streak running from frontal blaze below and behind eye, and neck browner * than in tiang ; dark markings on upper part of limbs said to be wanting. The korrigum and tiang ( = " mud,'' Suaheli) inhabit swamps, but this race is stated to be native of waterless desert tracts. 7. 7. 12. 1. Head, mounted. Kordofan. Type. Presented hj Walter Jones, Esq., 1907. E.— Damaliscus korrigum jimela. Damalis senegalensis, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1886, p. 176, 1890, p. 354 ; Noack, Zool. Jahrb. vol. ii, p. 208, 1887 ; nee H. Smith. Damalis jimela, MatscMe, Situher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1892, p. 135 ; 0. Neu7nann, ibid. 1900, p. 558. Bubalis jimeru, Lydeiker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 203, 1893, errorim. Damaliseus jimela, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 67, 1895; Matschie, Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. Ill, 1895 ; Brake-Brochman, Mammals of Somali, p. 59, 1910. Damaliscus corrigum jimela, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 166, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 118, 1908 ; A. H. Neumann, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 171, 1899 * Not redder, as stated in Field, vol. eix, p. 864, 1907. BUBALIN^ 45 Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 143, 1910 ; Roosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910. DamaliscTis korrigum jimela, Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 903 ; Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mamm. Mus. Madrid, p. 125, 1912. Jimela. Typical locality Juba Valley, between Italian Somaliland and British East Africa. Differs from typical race by the darker and richer colouring and absence of a dark eye-stripe. General colour dark rich reddish brown, with a silky blue gloss ; shoulders and thighs with large purplish black patches, which extend down fore-legs to form a garter above knee ; no dark stripe extending from frontal blaze through eye. Dark markings absent in immature animals. Height at shoulder 4 feet to 4 feet 2 inches. The range extends as far south as German East Africa and Uganda. 93. 4. 10. 4. Skin, immature, mounted. Malindi dis- trict, B.E.A. Presented hij Sir F. J. Jaclcson, K.G.M.G., C.B., 1893. 93. 6. 20. 1. Skin. Near Malindi, Africa ; collected by Sir F. J. Jackson. Presented hy J. Eoidand Ward, Esq., 1893. 5. 4. 3. 22. Skull, with horns and skin. S. Ankoli, Uganda. Presented ly Lieut.-Gol. G. Delme-Radcliffe, 1905. 5. 4. 3. 23. Skin, female. S. Ankoli. Same history. 5. 4. 3. 24. Body-skin, apparently undergoing coat- change. S. Ankoli. Same history. 5. 4. 3. 25. Skin. S. Ankoli. Same history. 5. 4. 3. 26-28. Three skulls, with horns. S. Ankoli. Same history. 79. 11. 12. 16. Skull, with horns, female. Juba Yalley ; collected by Sir John Kirk, G.C.M.G., K.C.B. Purchased, 1S79. 5.2.2.18-19. Two skulls, with horns and skins. Euaha Valley, G.E.A. Presented hy Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.G.M.G., G.B., 1905. 2. 4. 8. 2. Skull, with horns, wanting lower jaw. Kagora Valley, Ankoli. Presented hy Gapt. Fisher, 1902. 1. 8. 9. 63. Skull, with horns, and skin, provisionally referred to this race. Guasin-gishu Plateau, B.E.A. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.G.M.G.,K.G.B., 1901. ■i6 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 13. 8. 2. 9. Skull and skin, female. Jubaland. Presented hy I. N. Dracopoli, Esq., 1913. 13. 8. 2. 7. Sknll and skin, foetus at term. Same locality. Same history. F.— Damaliscus korrig-um phallus. Damalisous phalius, Cabrera, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 998. Damaliscus oorrigum phalius, LydeTiJcer, Oame Animals of Africa, Siippl. p. 6, 1911. Damaliscus korrigum phalius, Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mamm. Mus. Madrid, p. 125, 1912. Typical locality Guasin-gishu Plateau, north-western B. E. Africa. Type in collection of Don Eicardo de la Huerta. Allied to D. h. jimela, but distinguished by the whitish buff or white frontal blaze, which in old bulls is stated to be as white as in a blesbok. No specimen in collection, unless No. 1. 8. 9. 63 (p. 45) be referable. V. DAMALISCUS HUNTEEI. Cobus hunteri, Sclater, Field, vol. Ixxiii, p. 260, 1889. Damalis hunteri, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1889, pp. 58 and 372, pi. xliii ; Hunter, Willoughby's East Africa, p. 290, 1889. Alcelaphus hunteri, LydeJeTcer, Field, vol. Ixxvii, p. 858, 1891. Aloelaphus (Damalis) hunteri, Flower and Lydelclcer, Study of Mammals, p. 336, 1891. Bubalis hunteri. Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 70, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 200, 1893. Damaliscus hunteri,. Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 53, pi. vi, 1894 ; Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 166, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 114, 1908 ; Hunter, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 166, 1899 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 137, 1910. Beatragus hunteri, JTeZZer, Smithson. Misc. Collect. \o\. Ix, no. 8, p. 8, 1912. Herola, or HnNTEE's Haetebeest. Type of Bcatragus. Typical (and only) locality, north side of Tana Valley, Jubaland. Distinguished from other members of group by replace- ment of frontal blaze by a transverse white spectacle-like mark between the eyes, the white tail-crest, the reversal of BUBALIN^ 47 the direction of the hairs on the face, the doubly curved horns, and the presence of only two pairs of lower premolars. Size medium (shoulder-height about 4 feet), and build relatively light and graceful. Colour wholly yellowish tawny, with the exception of the inside of the ears, a spectacle-like mark between the eyes, and the tail-crest, which are white. Horns long and slender, directed upwards KiG. 7. — Skull and Hoens of Heeola oe Hunteb's Haetebeest Uscus hunteri). and slightly outwards at base, then diverging and inclining backwards, and finally curving regularly forwards, so that the long smooth tips point directly upwards. Two pairs of premolar teeth in lower jaw. Skull relatively light and slender; basal length 12|, maximum breadth 5^ inches. Good horns measure from 20 to 26J inches along the front curve, with a girth of from 5|- to 8 J, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 9f to 15 J inches. In the skull the nasals are longer 48 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES than in the other members of the groujD, reaching to the front margin of the orbits, and are pointed (instead of trun- cated or blunt) at their junction with the frontals ; the lachrymals are also longer, and the infraorbital foramina are divided. The last-named feature and the reduction of the premolars to two pairs are characters common to Connoclioetcs ; wliile the elongation of the nasals is a character allying the species to Bubalis, although the form of the occipital region of the skull is like that of other species of Danialiscus. 89. 8. 3. 8. Skin, mounted. Northern bank of Tana Eiver, Jubaland. Type. Also skulk Prcscntecl by H. C. V. Hunter, Esq., 1889. 89. 8. 3. 9. Skin, mounted, female. Same locality. Figured Proe. Zool. Soc. 1889, p. 372, pi. xlii, and woodcuts. Same history. Skull, with horns. Same locality. Same history. Three skulls, with horns. Tana Valley. Presented by Dr. P. L. Sclater, 1903. Skull, with horns, female. Tana Valley. Presented by T. J. Muir, Esq., 1910. 12. 7. 2. 6. Skull, with horns (fig. 7), and skin. Kina- komba. Tana Valley. Presented by G. Blaine, Esq., 1912. 12. 7. 2. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin, female (?). Tana Valley. Same history. 12. 12. 7. 1. Head-skin. Same locality. Sajiie history. III. Genus CONNOCH^TES. ConnochiEtes, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 152, 1814 ; Sclater and Tliomas, Boole of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 93, 1895 ; Lonnberg, K. SvensTca Vet.-Ah. Handl. vol. xxxv, No. 3, p. 43, 1901, ArUv Zool. vol. v, No. 10, p. 21, 1909 ; PococTc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 904. Cemas, Olieii, LeJirhuch Naturgesch. vol. iii, Zool. pt. 2, p. 727, 1816. Catoblepas, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdotn, vol. iv, p. 366, 1827 ; Riiti'meyer, Ahh. schweiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 49, 1877. Gorgon, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 189. Butragus, Blyth, Gray, Gat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 43, 1872. Eelatively large and clumsily built antelopes, with moderate elevation of the withers, massive heads, and broad bristly muzzles. Face with a large tuft of thick black hair Al so skull. 89. 8. 3. 10. 3. 1. 13. 1-2. 10. 4. 20 K 6. BUBALINjE 49 between the face-glands, which are also tufted, but devoid of a central orifice leading to a hairy tube ; nostrils widely separated, hairy internally ; neck maned ; tail long-haired throughout, and terminal hairs nearly reaching the ground ; teats two.* Horns smooth, thickened and expanded at base, * In the Booh of Antelopes the number is given incorrectly as 4 : see Pocock, loc. cif. II. E 50 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES directed at first either forwards and downwards or outwards, with the tips pointing upwards or upwards and inwards. No inguinal glands ; glands in fore-feet only. Skull hroad and heavy, with lower extremities of premaxillfe expanded ; usually two pairs of premolars. The genus, which is restricted to southern and eastern Africa, is represented by two very distinct types, which might well be accorded generic rank if they each included two or more well-marked species. They may be distin- guished as follows : — A. Horns directed at first forwards and down- wards ; back nearly straight ; tail white ; 14 dorsal vertebrse ; nasals of median length Connochcetes gnu. B. Horns directed at first outwards ; back higher at withers than at croup ; tail black ; 13 dorsal vertebras ; nasals elon- gated Connochcetes taurinus. From a prehistoric deposit at Haagenstad, 30 miles north of Bloemfontein, Broom has described (Ann. S. African Mus., vol. xii, p. 14) an imperfect frontlet of an extinct gnu (C. antiquus), stated to be intermediate between that of C. gnu and that of G. taurinus. There is a prominent backward process at the base of the horn-core, as in C. gnu, but the horn-core itself curves more outwards than in that species, and further on is less abruptly bent upwards and backwards. I. CONNOCHiETES GNU. Bos gnou, Zimmermann, Spec. Zool. Qeogr. p. 372, 1772 ; misspelt. Antilope gnou, Zimmermann, Qeogr. Geschichte, vol. ii, p. 102, 1780 ; Boddaert, Elenchus Anim. p. 188, 1735 ; Schreber, Sdugthiere, pi. cclxxx, 1787. Antilope gnu, Gmelin, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 189, 1788 ; Kerr, Linn.'s Anim. Kingdom, p. 315, 1792 ; Donndorff, Zool. Beytrdge, p. 634, 1792 ; Linlc, Beytrdge Naturgesch. vol. i, pt. 2, p. 100, 1795 ; Bechstein, TJebersicht vierfuss. Thiere, vol. i, p. 64, 1792, vol. ii, p. 641, 1800 ; Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 357, pi. cxcvi, 1801 ; Turton, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 114, 1802 ; Desma/rest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. ix, p. 516, 1803, ed. 2, vol. ii, p. 201, 1816; Ouvier, Diet. Sei. Nat. vol. ii, p. 247, 1804; Illiger. Prodromus Syst. Mamm. p. 106, 1811 ; Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 165, 1814 ; G. Fischer, Zoognosia, vol. iii, p. 418, 1814 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. TJpsal. vol. vii, p. 219, 1815 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. v, p. 1165, 1820 ; F. BUBALIN^ 51 Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. i, livr. xvi, 1820; Schinz, Ouvier's Thierreich, vol. i, p. 399, 1821, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 445, 1845 ; Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 442, 1822 ; Burchell, List Quadr. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 7, 1823 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 385, 1827 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 475, 1829 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mas. Zool. Soc. p. 41 1838 ; Olcen, Allgemeine Naturgeschichte, vol. vii, p. 1400, 1838 Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 478, 1844, vol. v, p. 448, 1855 ; Qiebel, Sdugethiere, p. 299, 1855. Antilope oapensis, Qatterer, Brev. Zool. vol. i, p. 80, 1780. Bos gnu, Thunberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. vol. iii, p. 818, 1811. Cerophorus (Boselaphus) gnu, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75. Cemas gnu, Olcen, Lehrbuch Naturgeschichte, vol. iii, pt. 2, p. 728, 1816. Antilope (Boselaphus) gnu, Desmarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 472, 1822. Catoblepas gnu, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 367, vol. V, p. 368, 1827 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Gap. p. 93, 1832 ; A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. Vol. ii, p. 224, 1834 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. p. 305, 1836 ; Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. i, 1840 ; Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 154, 1843, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 282, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 59, 1847, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 19, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 138; Sundevall, K. Svensha Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 205, 1846 ; Temminclc, Esguiss. Zool. Guine, p. 195, 1853 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber. 7c. Ale. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 182, 1869; Murie, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1870, p. 475 ; Drummond, Large Game S. Africa, p. 425, 1875 ; BucUey, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, pp. 286 and 292 ; Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 287, 1880 ; Blaauw, Bull. Soc. AccUm. ser. 4, vol. iii, p. 494, 1886, Proc. Zool, Soc. 1889, p. 2 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 293, 1889. Catoblepas operoulatus, BrooTces, Cat. Broohes Mus. p. 64, 1828. Bos connoohsetes, Forster, Descrip. Anim. p. 392, 1844. Connocheetes gnu, Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 119, 1852, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 291, 1869, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 43, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 113, 1873; Gerrard, Oat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 243, 1862; Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 150, 1883 ; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acelim. ser. 3, vol. ix, p. 678, vol. x, p. 95, 1883 ; Flower and Ga/rson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. B. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 274, 1884 ; Jentinh, Gat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pafs-Bas, vol. ix) p. 138, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {op. cit. vol. xi) p. 170, 1892; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 170, 1891, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 148, 1900; Flower and LydeTcTcer, Study of Mammals, p. 336, 1891 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, p. 74, 1892, ed. 6, p. 158, 1910 ; Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 48, 1892 ; Lydehher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 205, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 194, 1899, Gamie Animals of Africa, p. 130, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Boole of Antelopes, vol. i, p. Ill, pi. xii, 1895 ; Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 206, 1899 ; Lonnberg, K. Svensha Vet.-Ak. Handl. vol. xxxv. No. 3, p. 43, E 2 52 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 1901 ; Blaauw, Zool. Garten, vol. xlvi, p. 6, 1905 ; Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 904 ; Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, No. 8, p. 3, 1912. Bubalus gnu, Owen, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 626, 1868. Gnu, or Wildebeest. The type species. Typical locality Cape Colony. Size relatively small; shoulder-height about 3 feet 10 inches. Back nearly straight, owing to elevation of croup ; hairs of face-tuft directed upwards ; a fringe on chin and between fore-legs, but not on throat. Horns directed at first forwards and downwards, but finally curving upwards (in young animals represented only by these upright tips). General colour dark brown or blackish, with the long hairs of the head and body black ; tail whitish, except near the root, where it is coloured like the body. Skull with relatively short and wide nasals and no broad ascending process to premaxillse; basal length 15^ inches, maximum width 6| inches. Dorsal vertebrae 14. Good horns measure from 23 to 24 inches along the front curve, with a palm- breadth of from 7i to 8^, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 11^ to 19^ inches. The range formerly included Africa south of the Limpopo ; but the species is now to a great extent exterminated in the wild state. 96. 11. 28. 5. Skin mounted, and skull. Mahemfontein, Orange Eiver Colony ; collected by F. C. Selous, Esq. Purchased, 1896. 96. 11. 28. 6. Skin, mounted, female. Same locality and collector. Also skull. Same history. 96. 11. 28. 7. Skin, immature. Same locality and col- lector. , Sa7ne history. 645, a. Skin, immature female, mounted. S. Africa. Old collection. 46. 7. 2. 5. Skin, mounted, young. S. Africa. Purchased, 1846. 2. 7. 18. 1. Skin, mounted, female. Orange Eiver Colony. Presented hy C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1902. 2. 7. 18. 2. Skin, mounted, young. Same locality. Same history. BUBALIN^ 53 69.8.11.5. Head, mounted, and skull, young. S.Africa. Purchased, 1869. 50. 11. 22. 70. Skeleton, female. S. Africa. Skull, with horns, exhibited. Purchased, 1850. 59. 5. 6. 1. Skull, with horns. S. Africa. Length of horns 29| inches. Presented ly J. Butter, Esq., 1859. 58. 3. 17. 1. Skull, with horns. S. Africa. Purchased, 1858. 48. 6. 28. 2. Skull, with horns. S. Africa. Purchased {Stevens), 1848. Pig. 9. — Skull and Hobns of Gnu {ConnochcBtes gnu). 48. 8. 29. 1. Skull, with horns. S. Africa. Length of horns 27i inches. Purchased, 1848. 645, a. Skull, with horns. S. Africa. Presented by J. Hillier, Esq. 6. 11. 16. 1. Skin. Prynnsberg, Orange Eiver Colony. Presented by C. Newberry, Esq., 1906. 6. 11. 16. 2. Skull, with horns. Prynnsberg. Same history. 6. 11. 16. 3. Skull, with horns. Same locality. Same history. 1. 7. 25. 1. Facial part of skull, with horns, and scalp- skin, immature. Boshof, Orange Eiver Colony. Presented by Lieut.-Col. A. IT. Courtenay, 1901. 54 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES II. CONNOCHiETES TAUEINUS. Antilope taurina, Burchell, Travels in 8. Africa, vol. ii, p. 278, 1824, List Quadr. presented to Brit. M^is. p. 7, 1825 ; J. B. Fischer, Sijnop. Mamm. p. 476, 1829 ; Oiven, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 683, 1868 ; Schim, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 447, 1845 ; Oiebel, Sdugethiere, p. 299, 1855. Catoblepas taurinus, H. Smith, OriffiiVs Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 369, vol. V, p. 368, 1827 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 642, 1830; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 94, 1834; A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 233, 1834, Illustr. 8. African Zool. pi. xxxviii, 1849; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamin. p. 305, 1836; Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. ; Sundevall, K. Svensha Vet.-Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 205, 1846; Fitzinger, Sitzber. h. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 182, 1869; Brehm, Thierleben, Sduge- thiere, vol. iii, p. 290, 1880. Catoblepas gorgon, H. Smith, Orifith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 868, vol. V, p. 369, 1827 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 643, 1830 ; A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 233, 1834 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. p. 306, 1836 ; Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. iv, 1840 ; Oray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 154, 1843, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232. 1846, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 20, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 139 ; TeintnincJc, Esquiss. Zool. Ouine, p. 193, 1853 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 108 ; Kirlc, ibid. p. 660 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber. h. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. i, p. 182, 1869 ; Drummond, Large Gatne S. Africa, p. 425, 1875 ; Selous, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 764, A Hunter's Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 226, 1881 ; Bryden, Kloof and Ka/rroo, p. 298, 1889 ; Barkley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 131. Antilope gorgon, Wagner, Schreber's Saugthiere Suppl. vol. iv, p. 474, 1844, vol. v, p. 448, 1855 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 446, 1845 ; Peters, Beise nach Mozambique, Sdugeth. p. 192, 1852; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868. Connochaetes gorgon, Oray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 121, 1852 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 243, 1862. Gorgon fasoiatus. Gray, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 48, 1872, Hand-List Biiminants Brit. Mus. p. 114, 1873. Butragus corniculatus, Blyth, Gi'ay Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 43, 1872. Connochaetes taurinus, Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 150, 1883, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1900, pi. xlviii; Flower and Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. B. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 275, 1884 ; Jentinh, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 137, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyde7i Mus. (op. cit. vol. xi) p. 170, 1892 ; Crawshay, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 663 ; Flower and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 336, 1891; Nicolls and Egling,on, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 47, 1892 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, p. 72, 1892, ed. 6, p. 151, 1910; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 205, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 194, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 134, 1908; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 95, pi. xi, 1895; Matschie, Sdugethiere Deutsch-Ost- BUBALIK^ 55 afriha, p. 113, 1896 ; Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 194, 1899 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 152, 1900 ; Benshaw, Nat. Sist. Essays, p. 87, 1904 ; Letcher, Big Game N. E. Bhodesia, p. 208, 1911. Catoblepas reiohei, Noack, Zool. Anz. 1893, p. 153. G-orgon taurinus, PococTc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 906. Connochsetes taurius. Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 3, 1912. Gorgon taurius. Heller, op. cit. Brindled Gnu, or Blue Wildebeest. Type of Gorgon. Typical locality Bechuanaland. Somewhat larger than G. gnu; shoulder-height from 4 feet 3 to 4 feet 4J inches. Back sloping away from withers to croup ; hairs of face-tuft, which is very large and bristly, directed downwards ; no long fringe between fore-legs. Horns less expanded at base than in C. gnu, directed at first mainly outwards, and then curving upwards and inwards, in a fashion recalling those of the Cape buffalo. General colour ranging from pale grizzled roan to blackish slaty brown, with more or less distinct vertical dark stripes — most conspicuous in light-coloured races — on sides of neck and fore-quarters ; typically the face — except for a paler area between eyes — chin, mane, and throat-fringe black; tail coloured above like back, inferiorly, together with the long hairs, black. Skull with long, Bubalis-\\kQ, nasals, and a broad ascending process to premaxillse ; length 18|-, maximum width 7| inches. Dorsal vertebree 13. Good horns measure from 30 to 33J inches in outside span, with a length along front curve of from 20 to 23^, a palm-breadth of from 4 to 6^, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 16 to 26^ inches. The range extends from the Vaal Eiver through Zambesia and Nyasaland to German and British East Africa. The local races are distinguishable as follows : — A. Throat-fringe black. a. No frontal chevron O. t. taurimis. b. A vt'hitish chevron (at least usually) below eyes C. t. johnstoni. B. Throat-fringe more or less yellowish white. a. Some black hairs in throat-fringe C. t. hechi. 6. Throat-fringe wholly yellowish white C. t. albojubatus. 56 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES A. — Connoehaetes taurinus taurinus. ConnochBetes taurinus typious, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 194, 1899 ; Ward, Becords of Big Ga?ne, ed. 6, p. 153, 1910. Typical locality Bechuanaland. Face and throat-fringe black ; the former without a white chevron. The range extends as far north as the Zambesi. 138, h. Skin, mounted, female. Madji Mountains, Bechuanaland. Type. Presented by Dr. W. J. Burchell, about 1817. 42. 4. 11. 10-11. Two skins, one a young female. South Africa ; collected by Sir Andrew Smith. Purchased ( Warwick), 1842. 11. 16. 12. 1. Skin, mounted. X. E. Rhodesia. Presented by L. A. Wallace, Esq., C.M.G., 1^11. 7. 7. 9. 1. Skin, mounted, young. Bred at Woburn, Beds. Presented by the Duke of Bedford, K.G., 1907. 99. 6. 9. 1. Head, mounted. Africa. Presented by W. Woodbyrne, Esq., 1899. 7. 2. 21. 1. Head, mounted. Bechuanaland. Presented by J. W. Bowen, Esq., 1907. 86. 5. 5. 12. Skeleton, mounted. Sebakwi River, Mashonaland ; collected by F. C. Selous, Esq. Purchased, 1886. 89. 2. 4. 2. Frontlet and horns. Swaziland ; collected by Morton Green, Esq. Maximum span 28 inches. Piir chased, 1889. 48. 7. 13. 1. Skull, with horns. S. Africa. Purchased, 1848. 8. 3. 17. 4. Skull, with horns. Portuguese East Africa. Presented by J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1908. 7. 4. 12. 1. Skull, with horns. Barotsiland. Presented by J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1907. 6. 5. 2. 1. Skin. East bank of Loangwa River, Rhodesia. Presented by H. Oookson, Esq., 1906. 6. 5. 2. 2. Skin. Same locality. Same history. The following specimens may be racially distinct : — 10. 9. 26. 1-4. Three skulls, with horns, and four skins. BUBALIN^ 57 Locality unknown. In Nos. 2 and 3 much of the mane and throat-fringe is rufous brown, but in No. 1 these are almost wholly black. Presented hy G. H. B. Grant, Esq., 1910. B.— Connochsetes taupinus johnstoni. Connoohsetes taurinus jolinstoni, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1896, p. 606 ; Lydekher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 136, 1908 ; Ward, Eecords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 153, 1910. Oonnoohaetes jolinstoni, de Beaux, Zool. Anz. vol. xxxviii, p. 579, 1911. (?) Connochsetes taurinus {^vel johnstoni) rufigianus, de Beaux, Zool. Anz. vol. xxxviii, p. 579, 1911. Typical locality ISTyasaland. Characterised by the frequent or general presence of a white frontal chevron associated with a black throat-fringe ; face mainly chestnut, and body-colour apparently browner than in typical race. 96. 4. 23. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. South end of Lake ChUwa, Nyasaland. Type. Presented hy H. G. McDonald, JEsq., 1896. 99. 6. 29. 5. Skull, with horns, but wanting lower jaw, and skin. Zomba, Nyasaland. Presented by Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.G.M.G., G.B. 9. 6. 26. 4^5. Two head-skins. Nyasaland. Presented hy J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1910. C— Connoehaetes taurinus hecki. Connochsetes hecki, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Get. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 96. Connochsetes taurinus hecki, LydeTcher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 136, 1908. Typical locality Kibaya. Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann. Stated to be closely related to next race, but to have some black hairs in the throat-fringe, and the face varying from greyish white to bright rufous. No specimen in collection. 58 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES D.— ConnoehsBtes taurinus albojubatus. Cormochaetes taurinus albojubatus, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. ix, p. 388, 1892 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 75, 1892, ed. 6, p. 156, 1910 ; Lydehher, Cheat and Small Game of Africa, p. 194, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 136, 1908, Field, vol. oxiv, p. 586, 1909 ; Hollister, Smithson. Misc. Collect. vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 3, 1910. Connochaetes albojubatus, Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 105, 1895 ; Matschie, Sdugethiere Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 113, 1895 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1900, p. 558 ; Lonnberg, K. Svensha Vet.-Ah. Handl. vol. xlviii, no. 5, p. 150, 1912 ; Boosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910. Gorgon albojubatus, Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 906 ; Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mam.. Mus. Madrid, p. 125, 1912. Including Gorgon taurinus mearnsi. Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect. vol. Ixi, no. 17, p. 1, 1913. White-Bearded Gnd. Typical locality Athi Plains, B. E. Africa. Throat-fringe dirty yellowish white, and a few white hairs in mane ; general colour typically paler than in C. t. taurinus, but in some cases very dark, being blackish slate on fore-quarters. A white frontal chevron may be present. The type skull is stated to be rather wider and shorter than that of the typical race, but others are larger. The range extends from the Athi Plains to Ukambani, north of Kilimanjaro, and the west side of the Victoria Nyanza. 92. 6. 24. 2. Skull, with horns. Athi Plains, B. E. ^Vfrica. Type. Scalp in collection of donor. Fresenied hy Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., G.B., 1892. 92. 10. 18. 4. Skin, mounted. Kilimanjaro ; collected by Sir F. J. Jackson. Purchased, 1892. 8. 1. 8. 5. Head, mounted, light phase. Guaso-nyero Valley, B. E. Africa. Presented by B. J. Cuninghame, Esq., 1908. 8. 1. 8. 6. Head, mounted, dark phase. Same locality. Same history. 2. 11. 18. 3. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Athi Valley. Presented hy B. Cravishay, Esq., 1902. 2. 11. 18. 4. Skull, with horns, and head-skin, female. Kilimakin, Ukamba. Same history. 0. 3. 18. 14. Skull, with horns, wanting lower jaw. Athi Plains. Presented hy S. L. Hinde, Esq., 1900. 0. 3. 18. 15. Skull 0. 3. 18. 16. Skin. 0. 3. 18. 17. Skin. 98. 1. 5. 14. Skin. BUBALINiE 59 with horns, female. Same locality. Same history. Same locality. Same history. Same locality. Same history. Machakos, Athi Plains. Same donor, 1898. 7. 10. 4. 8. Skull, with horns, and skin. South of Mount LongoDot, B. E. Africa. Presented by IT. Holmes Tarn, Esq., 1910. 8. 1. 31. 1-4. Four skins, wanting the head. Athi Valley. No. 2 is very dark. Presented by the Master of Belhaven, 1908. 8. 1. 31. 5. A similar specimen. Thika Valley, B. E. Africa. Same history. 8. 1. 8. 1-4. Four imperfect skins. Athi Plains. No. 2 is very dark ; No. 3 is rather lighter on the hind-quarters, and No. 4 is everywhere considerably lighter, so that the brindle, which in the other specimens is only visible in certain lights, shows out plainly. Presented by B. J. Guninghame, Esq., 1908. Incomplete skin, female. South of Lake Medium in colour. Same donor, 1909. Head-skin and skull, with horns, young. Presented by Capt. J. II. Spekc, 1863. Skull, with horns, female. Same locality. Sa'iiic history. Skull, with horns, immature. Lanjora, B. E. Presented by Dr. W. J. Ansorge, 1910. Skull, with horns, female. Kilimanjaro ; collected by Sir F. J. Jackson. Purchased, 1893. NOTE. Catoblepas brookii, H. Smith, Qriffiih's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, pi. facing p. 366, fig. 1, 1827, seems to be based on a horn of the domesticated cattle of Bornu, see Lydehker, The Ox and Its Kindred, p. 162, 1912. Subfamily vi.— CEPHALOPHIN/E. Size medium or small. Tail medium, slender, eveu-liaired or tufted. Muzzle with a small bare muffle, and small nostrils. Face-glands placed nearly midway between eyes 9. 3. 10. 1. Naivasha, , B.l E.A, 63. 1. 7. 7. Uzaramo. 63. 7. 7. < 1 3. 10. 6. 10. 4. Africa. 93. 6. 20. 3. 60 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES and nostrils, not invaginated or valvular, but marked externally by bare streaks of skin serially studded with pores ; foot-glands, which are present in both pairs of limbs of the general type of those of the Bubalinai, and the web of the pasterns, which reaches only to the base of the hoofs, closely folded, and on the back devoid of hairs for a longer or shorter distance ; hoofs normal ; lateral hoofs well developed ; inguinal glands present or absent ; when present, widely separated from teats ; teats 4. Horns (which are probably heteronymous) frequently present in females ; in both sexes relatively small, simply conical, in males with rugosities near the base, which is often thickened. Skull with lachrymal depressions, but no lachrymal vacuities or supraorbital pits ; frontals prolonged backwards between parietals, with horns rising from the extemities of such projections. Upper molars brachyodont, with broad crowns. Vertebrae : c. 7, D. 14, L. 5, s. 4, ca. 9-10. The distributional area includes the greater part of Africa to the southward of the northern tropic. Genus CEPHALOPHUS. Cephalopiius, H. Smith, Oriffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. v, p. 344, 1827 ; Riltimeyer, Ahh. schweiz. pal. Q-es. vol. iv, p. 54, 1877 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Sac. 1892, p. 413 ; Sclater and Thomas, Boole of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 121, 1895 ; Pococlc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 871. Cephalolophus,* emendatio, Wagner, Oiebel, and others. General characters those of the subfamily (of which this genus is the sole representative). Head furnished with a tuft or crest of long bristly hair on the vertex, enveloping the bases of the horns, when these are present. The genus may be divided into the following three sub- generic groups : — A. Inguinal glands present, in the form of deep pouohes, opening far away from the teats. a. Horns directed backwards in plane of face ; ears short Cephalophus. b. Homs directed upwards and backwards so as to form an obtuse angle with plane of face ; ears longer Sylvicapra. B. Inguinal glands absent Chievei. * In quoting references Cephalophus and Cephalolophus are taken as identical. CEPHALOPHIN^ 61 The following is a key to the 33 numbered species of the genus here recognised (some only provisionally) : — A. Horns (usually absent in female) directed upwards and backwards to form an obtuse angle with plane of face ; ears relatively long and pointed. G. grimini, lq- cluding G. leucoprosopus, of which the right to distinction is not clear. B. Horns (usually present in female) directed back- wards in plane of face ; ears medium or short, rounded. a'. Size large ; length of hind-foot (excluding hoof) more than 11 inches, or 280 mm. ; basal length of skull exceeding 9J inches (240 mm.). a. General colour blackish, with triangular black patch on loins G. sylvicultrix. h. General colour grey on body and black on head and neck G . j entinhi. b'. Size medium or small; length of hind-foot (exclusive of hoof) not exceeding lOJ inches (260 mm.) ; basal length of skull not more than about 8| inches, or 220 mm. a''. Inguinal glands present. a. Hind-quarters transversely banded G. clorice. h. Hind-quarters not transversely banded, a'. Hair on part of nape directed forwards. a'. A black blaze on face. a^. Body-hair short and close C. iveynsi. h^. Body-hair hicker and more woolly ; colour darker 0. johnstoni. V. No black on face G.hroohei. a''. Hair of nape directed uniformly back- wards. a?. Colour tawny, rufous, or chestnut, a*. Colour uniform, no face-blaze. aP. Size larger G. spadix. V. Size smaller ; length of hind-foot, without hoof, 7| inches (193 mm.). a^. Some black in crest G. natalensis. &*. Crest wholly red or orange ... C. centralis. 6*. Dark markings on face or back, or on both. a'. Darker markings shiny black or brown. a*. Back rufous, no dorsal stripe, a'. Colour dark chestnut above and below G. nigrifrons. fe^. Colour deeper and richer. a'°. Chin white C. ruhidus. b^". Chin dark G. cla/adA,. 62 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES c'. Colour pale bay, lighter below than above, a". Forehead and tuft typically black in middle and chest- nut on sides C. harveyi. &"- Forehead mainly rufous, tuft mahogany C. ignifer. c''. Tuft wholly chestnut O.leopoldi. b". A black dorsal stripe. a^-. Middle line of face darker than flanks ; dorsal stripe from nape. a". Tail black and white ; back of hams rufous or white. n" Back of hams white; tail tufted C. leucogaster. b'*- Back of hams rufous ; tail not tufted. rt^". No white spot above eye. a' ". Size larger C. dorsalis. 6". Size smaller C. castaneus. b'"'. A white spot above eye, continued as a line to nose C. Icucochilus. V. Face uniformly rufous yellow, like flanks ; dorsal stripe from withers G. ogiibyi. v. Tail almost wholly black, as are hams C callipygus. v. Dai'ker markings bluish grey G. rufilatus. V. Generalcoloursmoky brown or blackish. a. Face tawny, tending in some cases to ruf otfs or black G. niger. b. Face black C. walheri. b". Inguinal glands wanting. a. Legs greyish brown, like body. a'. Bump not parti-coloured ; size larger G. maxwelli. h' . Rump parti- coloured ; size smaller C. melanorhmis. b. Legs largely rufous ; rump not parti-coloured, o.^ Size larger ; skull longer. a'. Amount of rufous on legs and of whitish on under-parts medium C. montioola. v. More rufous on legs and body, and less white on under-parts G.nyasce. &. More white on under-parts than in monticola ; hoofs smaller G.hechi. V . Size smaller ; skull shorter ; otherwise much as in nyasce C. simpsoni. c. Legs brown ; size larger than in any other members of this subgroup C. lug ens. CEPHALOPHIN^ 63 1. Subgenus CEPHALOPHUS. Grimmia, Laurillard, Bid. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 623, 1841. Terpone, Oray, Proc. Zool. 8oc. 1871, p. 592. Potamotragus, Q-ray, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 24, 1872. Cephalophia ~\ r Vi 1 Vi r I ^nottnerus-Meyer, Arch. Naturgesch. vol. Ixxiii, Cephalops^''' [ pt. 1, p. 99, 1907, as subgenera. Cephalophela J Inguinal glands, in the .shape of a pair of deep pouches opening considerably in advance of the teats, present ; horns directed backwards in the plane of the face, usually absent in female ; ears relatively small and rounded. I. CEPHALOPHUS SYLVICULTRIX. Aiitilope sylvioultrix, Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal.-vol. vii, p. 265, pi. viii, 1815 ; Q-oldfuss, Schreher's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1238, 1818 ; Desmarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 462, 1822 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 378, 1827 ; /. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 457, 1829; Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 41, 1838. Antilope silvicultrix, Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Verte- brates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868. Antilope (Ceplialophiis) sylvioultrix, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 258, vol. v, p. 344, 1827 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. p. 293, 1836, N. Table Begn. Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842; Oervais, Diet. Sci. Nat, Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. iv, p. 446, 1844, vol. v, p. 422, 1855 ; Oiebel, Saugethiere, p. 322, 1855. Oephalophus sylvioultrix, A. Smith, 8, African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 214, 1834 ; Ch-ay, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 163, 1846, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 10, pi. xxiii, fig. 3, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 122, 1871, p. 595, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 83, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 26, 1872, Rand- List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 94, 1873 ; Turner, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 170 ; TemmincTc, Bsquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 233, 1853; Oerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 286, 1862; Fitzinger, Sitzber. h. Ah. Wiss. Wien. vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1870, p. 222 ; Jentinh, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. X, p. 20, 1888, vol. xxii, p. 179, 1901; Bilttikofer, Beisebilder Liberia, vol. ii, p. 376, 1890 ; Flower and LydekJcer, Study of Mammals, p. 338, 1891 ; Matschie, Mitth. deutsch. Schutzgebiet, vol. vi, p. 81, 1893 ; Sclater and Thomas, Boole of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 125, pi. xiii, 1895 ; Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 873. Antilope (Grimmia) sylvioultrix, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 624, 1841. 64 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Sylvicapra sylvicultrix, Sundevall, K. Svensha Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 190, 1846. Cephalophus punctulatus, Qray, Knowsley Menagerie, pi. viii, fig. 1, 1850. Cephaloplius longiceps. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1865, p. 204; Socage, J. Sci. Lisb. vol. ii, p. 220, 1869. Terpone longiceps, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 502, Cat. Bumi- nants Brit. Mus. p. 24, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 93, 1873. Cephalophus melanoprymnus. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 594, pi. xliv. Potamotragus melanoprymnus, Gray, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 25, 1872, Rand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 94, 1873. Cephalophus rufiorista, Bocage, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1878, p. 744. Oephalopiius sylvioultor, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 416, 1902, vol. i, p. 1 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 77, 1892, ed. 6, p. 167, 1910 ; Lydehher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 213, 1893, Gi-eat and S7nall Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 144, 1908 ; Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xxii, p. 187, 1901 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907. Cephalophus thomasi, Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xxii, p. 187, 1901 ; a provisional name for Congo form. Oephalopiius solateri, Jentink, op. cit. 1901 ; a provisional name for a skull with curved horns. Cephalophus ooxi, Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xxviii, p. 117, 1906 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 146, 1908. Cephalophus ituriensis, M. Rothschild and Neuville, G. R. Ac. Sci. Paris, vol. cxliv, p. 98, 1907 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 147, 1908. Cephalophus sylvioultor coxi. Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 167, 1910. Yellow-backed Ddikbr. The type species ; also type of Terpone and Potamotragus. Typical locality Sierra Leone. Size largest of the group ; shoulder-height 34 inches ; length of ear 4, of hind-foot 13^ inches. Form stout and heavy; ears short, broad, and rounded, their length much inferior to distance between eye and muzzle ; coat very short on fore-quarters, longer on loins, but in adult worn away so as to expose whitish under-fur or skin ; general colour dark blackish brown ; crest, which is fully developed only in sub- adult individuals, orange or rufous ; muzzle, cheeks, chin, and ear-tips whitish ; a broad triangular pale yellowish area on loins, extending forwards to middle of back; in young animals the hairs of this yellow area tipped with black, while those of rest of body have white tips. Horns, of which good CEPIIALOPHINiE 65 specimens grow to 6^ inches in length, rehxtively large, divergent, slender, evenly tapering, and somewhat roughened at base. Skull relatively slight, slender, and long, with median palatal notch in advance of lateral ones ; basal length lOj, maximum width 4|-, interval between muzzle and orbit 6^ inches. The range extends from the west coast through the forest-zone to N. E. Ehodesia. The characters given by their describers as respectively distinctive of the N. E. Ehodesian Pig. 10.— Front and Side Views of Skull and Hobns op Yellow- backed Duiker {Gejphalojphus sylvicuUrix) . C. coxi and the Ituri C. itvriensis do not appear to be even of racial value. If ituriensis were a distinct race it is quite probable that it would be inseparable from tJwmasi. 78 7. 16. 3. Skin, mounted. Fanti. Also skull. Purchased, 1878. 64. 12. 1. 12. Skull, with horns, and skin. Gabun; collected by Monsieur P. du Chaillu. Type of 0. loncjiceps. Purchased, 1864. 71. 5. 27. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality and collector. Type of C. melcmoprymnus. Purchased, 1871. 55. 12. 26. 161. Skull, with horns, and skin. Sierra Leone. Described and skull figured by Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1871, p. 594. Purchased, 1855. II. » 66 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 78. 7. 16. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. Fanti. Purchased, 1878. 88. 7. 4. 4. Skeleton, female. Fanti. Purchased, 1888. 44. 9. 7. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Sierra Leone. Presented hij the Earl of Derly, 1844. 6. 6. 13. 7. Skin. West Africa. Purcliased (Stevens), 1863. 7.1.8.11. Skull, with horns, female. Southern Nigeria. Presented hij Elpliinstonc Dayrell, Esq., 1907. 11. 3. 19. 1-2. Two skulls, with horns, and skins. Mbaya, south-east Congo. I'rcscntcd hy F. R. Williams, Esq., 1911. 10. 6. 1. 37-8. Two skulls, with horns (fig. 10), and skins. Oban, Southern Nigeria. Presented bij P. A. Talbot, Esq., 1910. 0. 12. 15. 1. Skin. Prang, Ashanti. Presented by C. Bcddinyton, Esq., 1900. 83. 7. 27. 1. Skin, young. Lagos. Presented by Capt. G. A. Moloney, 1883. 11. 6. 2. 12. Skin, young. Bibianaha, Gold Coast. ■ Presented by Dr. H. G. F. Spurrell, 1911. The following specimens belong to the so-called G. coon : — 8. 3. 24. 1. Skin, mounted. N. E. Ehodesia. Presented by J. Rovjlancl Ward, Esq., 1908. 2, 1. 16. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. N. E. Ehodesia. Presented by II. Godrington, Esq., 1902. 3. 12. 18. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kambovi, N. W. Ehodesia. Presented by G. Mihicad, Esq., 1903. IL CEPHALOPHUS JENTINKI. Antilope (Terpone) longiceps, Jenti.nk, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. vii, p. 272, pi. X, 1885, nee Oray. Terporte longiceps, JentinJc, ojp. cit. vol. x, p. 19, 1888, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 158, 1892; Bilttikofer, Eeisehilder Liberia, vol. ii, p. 374, 1890. Cephalophus jentinki, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 417 ; LydeTiher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 213, 1898, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 148, 1908; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 131, pi. xv, 1895 ; Bendall, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 216, 1899 ; Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xxii, p. 183, 1901. CEPHALOPHINiE 67 Jentink's Dcikee. Typical locality Liberia. In size somewhat inferior to sylvicultrix, but general build similar; shoulder-height about 30 inches, length of ear 4, of hind-foot 12 inches. Head (exclusive of lips, chin, and inside of ears), neck, and chest-stripe' black ; behind this dark area the general colour is dark grizzled grey, owing to the black and white ringing of the hairs, except for a whitish collar on shoulders and chest, the axillaa, groin, and legs being also whitish, apart from a darker mark just below base of shoulder. Skull relatively longer than in sylvicultrix, being, in fact, practically identical in size with that of latter. 89. 7. 31. 1. Skin, mounted, and skeleton. Liberia ; collected by Dr. J. Biittikofer. Type. Purclmscd, 1889. III. CEPHALOPHUS SPADIX. Cephalophus spadix, True, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. xiii, p. 227, 1890, vol. XV, p. 473, p. Ixxviii and Ixxix; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 418; Lydehher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 209, 1893, Crreat and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 116, 1908; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 135, 1895 ; Matschie, Sdugeihiere Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 116, 1895. Typical locality Kilimanjaro district, German East Africa. Type in U.S. National Museum. Size relatively large, but shoulder-height not given ; length of ear 4^, of hind-foot, without hoof, 9^ inches. General colour dusky chestnut-brown, as dark below as above ; forehead dusky brown, like body ; chin and throat pale greyish brown ; hairs of crest mostly chestnut-red with black tips, but some uniformly dusky and others white ; legs somewhat lighter in front than behind; tail dusky, except for a few white hairs at tip. Basal length of skull 8j inches ; maximum width 4 inches, length of nasals 3| inches. 9. 8. 13. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Shuma Forest, Tanga, G. E. Africa. Presented by J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1909. F 2 68 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES IV. CEPHALOPHUS NATALENSIS. Cephalophus natalensis, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 217, 1834, Illustr. Zool. S. Africa, Mamm. pi. xxxii, 1841 ; Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 166, 1846, Enowsley Menagerie, p. 10, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 123, 1871, p. 598, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 85, 1852, Gat. JRumi- 7iants Brit. Mus. p. 27, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 96, 1873, ; Turner, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 170 ; Gerrard, Gat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862 ; Blyth, Gat. Mamm. Mus. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, p. 168, 1863 ; Fitzinger, Sitzher. k. Ale. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869 ; Drummond, Large Game S. Africa, p. 391, 1875 ; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 168, 1891, Fauna S. Africa, Ma?nm. vol. i, p. 161, 1900; Jcntinh, Gat. Mamin. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 162, 1892 ; Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 23, 1892; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 419; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 77, 1892, ed. 6, p. 165, 1910 ; LydelcJcer, Horns and Hoofs, p. 209, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Ani7nals of Afi-ica, p. 149, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 139, 1895 ; Lonnberg, ArMv Zool. vol. v, no. 10, p. 2, 1909 ; Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. viii, p. 277, 1911. Cephalophorus natalensis. Gray. lAst Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 163, 1843. Sylvicapra natalensis, Sundevall, K. Svensha Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 190, 1846. Antilope (Cephaloloplius) natalensis, Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 453, 1844, vol. v, p. 426, 1855 ; Giehel, Sduge- thiere, p. 321, 1855. Natal Duikee. Typical locality Natal. Size relatively small ; shoulder-heiglit about 17 inches, length of ear 2i, of hind-foot 7|- inches. Build slender ; colour uniformly tawny or chestnut, with a faintly marked redder streak over eyebrows, the back of neck greyish brown, and the chin and throat whitish ; tail slender, rufous at root, brown, tipped with white, at extremity ; horns much thickened at base, and attaining a length of about 3 inches in good specimens. Basal length of skull 5| inches, maxi- mum width, 2|, length from orbit to muzzle 3|- inches. The following races have been named : — A. Size small, length of hind-foot usually less than 7J inches (199 mm.) ; colour dark ; ears short, 3 inches (76 mm.). a. General colom- tawny, with nape pale slaty grey G. 7i. natalensis. b. General colour richer, redder on back and yellower on flanks with nape nearly black C. n. amcenus. CEPHALOPHINvE 69 . Size larger, length of hind-foot exceeding 74 inches (199 mm.) ; colour paler ; ears longer, 83 inches (84 mm.). a. General colour tawny ochery, paler beneath ... C. n. robertsi. b. General colour paler, dirty white beneath C. n. bradshawi. A.— Cephalophus natalensis natalensis. Typical locality Natal. Size small, with ears not exceeding 76 mm. General colour, -with paler under-parts ; throat as far back as ear.s white, elsewhere, together with chest and cheeks, lighter than under-parts ; nape pale slaty grey, with a brownish tinge ; a greyish tint on face above nostrils. 42. 4. 11. 4. Skull and skin, female. Natal. Type. Purchased {South African Museum), 1842. 49. 3. 26. 2. Skull, immature, female. S. Africa. Figured in " Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus.," p. 85, pi. x, fig. 1. Purchased, 1847. 40. 6. 24. 11. Skull, with horns, and skin. Natal; collected by Dr. A. Krauss. Purchased, 1840. 4. 12. 3. 92. Skull, with horns, and skin. Umvolosi Valley, Zululand ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hy G. D. Eudd, Esq., 1904. 4. 12. 3. 93. A similar specimen. Same locality and collector. Same history. 97. 1. 5. 1. Skin. South Africa. From the collection of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart. Presented hy Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897. B.~Cephalophus natalensis amoenus. Cephalophus natalensis amoenus, Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. viii, p. 277, 1911 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, Suppl. p. 8, 1911. Typical locality Barberton, Transvaal. General colour darker than in typical race, with the back redder, the flanks yellower, the under-parts scarcely lighter than back, and the lower part of throat rather paler than under-parts; nape nearly black. Length of tail Sf inches (89 mm.), of hind-foot 7| (199 mm.), of ear 3 (76 mm.) 70 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES inches ; length of skull 5| inches (143 mm.), maximum breadth 2^ (72 mm.); length of row of upper cheek-teeth 13 inches (44 mm.). 94. 11. 4. 1. Skin, mounted. De Kaap, Barberton, Transvaal. Presented by Dr. P. Pcndcdl, 1894. 94. 11. 4. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. IVIoodies, Barberton. iS'aine history. 9. 11. 4. 3. Skull and skin, female. De Kaap. Same history. 6. 11. 7. 13. Skull, with horns, and skin. Legogot, Barberton ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Type. Presented by C. D. Rudd, Usq., 1906. 6. 11. 7. 14. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality and collector. Same history. 6. 11. 7. 15. Skull and skin, female. Same locality and collector. Scwie history. C. — Cephalophus natalensis robertsi. Cephaloplius robertsi, Bothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 691. Cephalophus natalensis vassei, Trouessart, Bull. Mus. Paris, 1907, p. 443. Cephalophus natalensis robertsi, Wrougliton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. viii, p. 278, 1911 ; Lydekker, Oame Animals of Africa, Suppl. p. 9, 1911. Typical locality Portuguese East Africa. Type in Tring Museum. Size rather larger than in typical race. General colour tawny ochery, paler and yellower than in the latter, and lower part of throat only slightly tinged with rufous ; under- parts lighter than back ; nape darker than in typical race, the hairs where the dark nape-patch fades into the general colour being distinctly ringed with dark slate and ochery ; an ash-grey patch above nostrils, which is absent in n. natalensis and represented by a short and narrow median line in ammnus. Length of tail 4'|-'?- inches (121 mm.), of hind-foot 7|f inches (197 mm.), of ear o| inches (85 mm.) ; basal length of skull 7-];^ inches (184 mm,), maximum ^^'idth 2i-| inches (74 mm.); length of upper row of cheek-teeth barely fl- inches (46 mm.). 6. 11. 8. 139. Skull, with horns, and skin. Coguno, CEPHALOPHIN/E 71 Inhambane District, Portuguese East Africa ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hj C. J). Rndd, Esq., 1906. 6. 11. 8. 140-1-41. Two skulls, with horns, and skins, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 8. 1. 1. 121-122. Two sknlls, with horns, and skins. Gorongoga, P. E. A. ; same collector. Same donor, 1908. D.— Cephalophus natalensis bradshawi. Cephalophus natalensis bradshawi, Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. viii, p. 279, 1911 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, Suppl. p. 9, 1911. Typical locality Shui Valley, Xyasaland. Differs from rohertsi by the much lighter and more yellow tint of the pale tawny ochery of the general colour ; and by that part of the throat not occupied by the white throat- patch, the chest, the inner sides of the fore-legs, and the under- parts being nearly white, with only a slight rufous tinge ; nape-patch slightly and nasal patch markedly more pro- nounced than in rohertsi. Basal length of skull barely 5^ inches (144 mm.) ; maximum breadth 2f inches (70 mm.) ; length of row of upper cheek-teeth l-j-Jr inches (45 mm.). 11. 6. 16. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, female, Chiromo, Shiri Valley, Nyasaland. Type. Presented ly Major G. P Breidshav:, 1911. V. CEPHALOPHUS CENTRALIS. Cephaloplius centralis, M. Rothschild and Neuville, C. B. Ac. Sci. Paris, vol. cxliv, p. 217, 1907 ; Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 150, 1908. Typical locality Ituri Forest. Distinguished from the typical form of C. natcdensis by the more exclusively sombre colour of the face, the wholly red head-crest, which shows no black hairs, the brighter tint of the forehead, and the rather larger bodily size. As this duiker is not included by Wroughton among the races of C. natalensis, it is provisionally allowed specific rank, although it is probably nothing more than a local form of the latter. No specimen in collection. 72 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES VI. CEPHALOPHUS NIGEIFEONS. Cephalophus nigrifrons, Graij, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 578, pi. xlvi. Oat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 27, 1872, Hand-List Buminanis Brit. Mus. p. 96, 1873; Peters, Monatsber Ah. Berlin, 1876, p. 482 ; Thomas, Proa. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 419 ; LydehJcer, Horns and Hoofs, p. 210, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 150, 1908; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 149, pi. xviii, fig. 1, 1895 ; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 38, 1897 ; de Winton, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 773 ; Thomas and Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xix, p. 387, 1907 ; Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 872. Cephalophus aureus. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, vol. xii, p. 42, 1873, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 95, 1873. Typical locality GaLun. A medium-sized species, standing about 18 or 19 inches at shoulder, distinguished from C. natalensis by a blackish blaze on the face — widest on the forehead — and the dark shanks and feet. It is further distinguished by the greater uniformity of colouring, which is scarcely paler below than above, and by the absence of pale bay on cheeks, sides of neck, and throat, as well as of a white chin. General colour deep chestnut, scarcely paler below than above, but head- crest and middle line of face blackish, and contrasting strongly with rufous eyebrow-streak ; nape rather browner ; limbs from knees and hocks downwards, and tail, except for some white hairs in terminal tuft, blackish. Horns short, somewhat expanded at base ; skull with convex frontal region ; hoofs relatively long. Basal length of skull 6j, maximum breadth 3-|- inches. The range extends along the west coast from the Gabun to the C'ameruns, and to Stanley Falls on the Upper Congo. 71- •-!. 27. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Gabun ; collected by Monsieur P. du Chaillu. Type. Purchased, 1871. 61. 7. 29. 28. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Same locality and collector. Type of C. aureus. Purchased, 1861. 1. 5. 4 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. Stanley Falls, Upper Congo ; collected by Capt. Weyns. Presented ly the Congo Fire State Musexun, 1901. CEPHALOPHINiE 73 VII. CEPHALOPHUS CLAUDI. Cephaloplius claudi, Thomas and Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xix, p. 386, 1907 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907; LydeTiher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 151, 1908. Typical locality "Welle Valley, Congo State. Distingiiished from nigrifrons by the much darker and richer colouring, the general colour being burnt-sienna above, with a strong suffusion of black on the shoulders, and only a little paler below than above, but with a dark median ventral line, body-colour extending below hocks in hind-legs. Skull relatively longer in advance of orbits, narrower between them, and flatter on forehead than in nigrifrons ; cheek-teeth broader ; auditory bullte larger. The following dimensions, in millimetres, show the differences in skull -proportion of this species as compared with both nigrifrons and riibidus : — claudi. nigrifronfi. rubidics. Length of preorbital portion 102 92 85 Length of nasals 75 70 60 Interorbital width 38 40 40 Maximum breadth of second molar 12'5 10 10 7. 7. 8. 222. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bambili, Welle Valley, Congo State ; collected during Alexander- Gosling Expedition from the Niger to the Nile. Type. Presented hy the Alexander-Gosling Exiicdition, 1907. VIII. CEPHALOPHUS EUBIDUS. Cephalophus rubidus, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Sac. 1901, vol. ii, p. 89; Thomas and Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xix, p. 386, 1907; LydehJcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 151, 1908. Typical locality Euwenzori, E. Africa. Closely allied to nigrifrons and claudi, from both of which it differs by the presence of a white chin-patch, while from the latter it is also distinguished by the absence of a dark area on the shoulders and of a dark ventral stripe, as well as by the dark portion of the hind-legs including the hocks. The skull-characters mentioned under the heading of claudi, together with the table of measurements, serve to distingidsh this species still more markedly from nigrifrons. '''"i CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES General colour of thick, close, and rather woolly hair uniformly rich chestnut, with the basal portion of the hairs greyer, and along the middle line of the back, especially near the loins, showing through, and thus communicating a darker shade to that line ; hair of neck directed (as usual) back- wards ; a white chin-patch ; under-parts paler rufous, becom- ing whitish between legs ; from shoulders and hips colour gradually darkening to the knees and hocks, which, like the shanks, are blackish ; tail short, black grizzled with rufous and white above, and dirty white beneath and at tip. 6. 7. 1. 199, Skull, with horns, and skin. Euwenzori. Presented hy the Euwenzori Expedition, 1906. 4. 4. 12. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Impuka Valley, Euwenzori (10,000 feet). Presented hj Capt. C. Ashburnham, 1904. 1. 0. 9. 65. Skin. Euwenzori. Type. Presented hj Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901. IX. CEPHALOPHUS WEYNSI. Cephalophus weynsi, Thomas, Ann. Congo Mus. — Zool. voL ii, pt. 1, p. 15, pL i, 1901, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1903, vol. i, p. 226 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907 ; LydeMcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 152, 1908 ; Christy, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 672. Typical locality near Stanley Falls, Congo State. Nearly allied to niijrifrons, but with hair of nape directed forwards ; body-hair short and close ; general colour brown in front and bright rufous behind, the tint of the rump corresponding with that in nigrifrons ; muzzle chocolate- brown, passing gradually into mingled red and black on the forehead, and into red-maroon in the neighbourhood of crest ; cheeks pale brown above and whitish lower down ; ears short and rounded, brown with whitish margins ; no dark dorsal or ventral stripe. The range extends to the Albert Nyanza, about 150 miles to the east of which this species is replaced by C. ignifer. 1. 5. 4. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature female. Stanley Falls, Upper Congo. Co-type; collected by Capt. Weyns. Presented hy the Congo Free State Museum, 1901. CEPHALOPHIN.E ,0 7. 7. 8. 219. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Baui- bili, Well6 Valley, Congo State. Presented hy the Alcxemder-Gosling Expedition, 1907. 11. 11. 7. 2. Skin, mounted. Mabira Forest, Uganda. Also skull. Presented hij Dr. C. Christy, 1911. 11. 11 7. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Same locality. Same Idstory. 7. 10. 1. 10. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Budongo Forest, Uganda. Presented by L. M. Scth-Smith, Esq., 1907. 7. 10. 1. 11. Immature skin. Budongo. Bume history. 5. 11. 27. 18. Skull, with horns. French Congo; col- lected by G. L. Baxter, Esq. Purchecsed, 1905. X. CEPHALOPHUS JOHNSTONI. Cephalophus johnstoni, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1901, vol. ii, p. 89, ibid. 1903, vol. i, p. 226 ; Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 152, 1908. Typical locality Toro district, eastward of Euwenzori, Uganda. Closely allied to urynsi, with which it agrees in the reversal of the hair-slope on the nape, but distinguished by its thicker and more woolly coat and much darker colour. 1. 8. 9. 64. Skull, with horns, and skin. Toro. Type. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901. XL CEPHALOPHUS IGNIFEE. Cephalophus ignifer, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1903, vol. i, p. 226 ; LydehTcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 152, 1908. Typical locality Eldoma Eavine, B. E. Africa. Near akin in colour and general characters to uxynsi and johnstoni, but distinguished from both by the backward slope of the nuchal hairs. Size medium ; coat fine and glossy, with the general colour bright rufous or bay, darkening to dull brownish on neck and shoulders ; forehead mixed rufous and black ; crown and back of head rufous like back, but the tuft tending more to mahogany. Muzzle blackish ; lips and chin white; ears dark brown, white on margins and internally ; throat rufous ; middle line of uuder-parts brown. 'U CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES shading into rufous on flanks, and passing into white between legs ; from shoulders and thighs gradually darkens to knees and hocks, which are brown, and so on to lower part of legs, which are nearly black above hoofs ; tail rufous above and white below, with a brown and white tuft. Skull of normal character, with premaxillae just reaching nasals, and moderately convex ; basal length 6j^g (162 mm.), maximum width 3f inches (79 • 5 mm.). Length of hind-foot, with hoof, 9^ inches (240 mm.), of ear 3;^ inches (81 mm.). 2. 11. 17. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin. Eldoma Eavine, B. E. A. Type. Presented hij F. W. Isaac, Esq., 1902. 3. 3. 7. 2-3. Two skulls, with horns, and skins, female. Same locality. Same donor, 1903. 6. 5. 6. 8. Skin, mounted. Kakamega Forest, B. E. Africa. Same donor, 1906. XII. CEPHALOPHUS HAEVEYI. Cephalophus harveyi, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. xi, p. 48, 3893, Ann. Mus. Genova, ser. 2, vol. xv, p. 6, 1895, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1903, vol. i, p. 226 ; Lydehker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 210, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 153, 1908; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 145, pi. xvii, 1895 ; Matschie, Sduge- thiere Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 116, 1895; de Winton, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 773 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 168, 1910. Typical locality Kilimanjaro district, B. E. Africa. Closely related to ignifcr, but with the greater part of the forehead black, and (typically) middle of head-crest black and sides chestnut. Horns very thick at base, so that in old individuals their length is barely two and a half times the basal diameter. Feet slender, with hoofs of average length. Skull roughened and inflated in frontal region, with median palatal notch slightly deeper than lateral over ; basal length .j| inches, maximum breadth 3 inches. The range extends from the Kilimanjaro district north- wards to the south of Somaliland. Two races said to be distinguished by the colour of the crest have been named : — Crest black in middle and chestnut on sides C. harveyi harveyi. Crest mahogany-coloured in the middle and rufous at sides C. h. henice. CEPHALOPHIN^E 77 A. — Cephalophus harveyi harveyi. General characters those of the species. Typical locality Kilimanjaro district. 92. 12. 3. 10. Head, mounted, body-skin, and skull. Kaha Forest, westward of Taveta, Kilimanjaro district. Type. Presented hj Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1892. 9. 11. 15. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kikuyu Forest, B. E. A. Presented hij M. P. Seth-Smith, Esq., 1909. 9. 11. 15. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Same locality. Same, history. 79. 11. 12. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Malindi, B. E. Africa. Presented hj Sir John Kirk, 1879. 9. 4. 18. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bulla-bulla, .Tuba Valley, southward of Italian Somaliland. Presented by H. P. Hennessey, Esq., 1909. 99. 12. 25. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Tana Valley, B. E. A. Presented ly H. dc Pree, Esq., 1899. 7.1.12.2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kikuyu Forest. Presented hy C. W. Haywood, Esq., 1907. 10. 4. 20. 8. Skull, with horns. Subaki, Tana Valley. Presented by J. Muir, Esq., 1910. 7. 16. 24. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Lake Kyasa. Presented by A. J. Stout, Esq., 1907. B.— Cephalophus harveyi keniae, Cephalophus harveyi teniae, Lbnnherg, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. ix, p. 65, 1912, K. Svenska Vet.-Ah. Handl. vol. xlviii, no. 5, p. 150, 1912. Typical locality forests near Nairobi, B. E. Africa. Said to be distinguished from typical race by head-tuft being mahogany-colour in the middle and rufous at the sides, instead of black in middle and chestnut on sides. Fore-legs and hind-legs from the hocks downwards glossy brownish black ; a brown streak down middle of chest. 11. 7. 8. 15. Skull, with horns, and skin immature ; provisionally referred to this race. Nairobi, B. E. A. Col- lected by S. A. Neave, Esq. Purcheised, 1911. ^o CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES The dimensions of the type skull, as given by the desciiber, are as follows : — Basal length 151 mm. Maximum width 77 „ Distance from muzzle to orbit 88 „ Length of nasals 58 „ ,, ,, upper series of cheek-teeth 49 „ XIII. CEPHALOPHUS LEOPOLDI. Cephalophus leopoldi, M. Rothschild and Neuville, C. R. Ac. Sci. Paris, vol. cxliii, p. 1257, 1906 ; LydekJcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 154, 1908. Typical locality Ituri Forest. Type apparently in the collection of Baron Maurice de Eothschild. Described as near akin to nigrifrons and harvcyi, but with stouter horns : general colour recalling that of natalensis, being tawny rufous, but rather darker on the back and duller on the neck and shoulder than in that species; crest long and entirely chestnut, thereby differing from harvcyi and nigrifrons, as well as natalensis, but darker and redder than general body-colour. Muzzle and nose black, and flecks of black on forehead (in which respect this duiker comes nearer to natalensis than to the other two species); ears white interiorly, with black tips ; throat whitish ; cheeks grey fawn, like upper part of chest ; lower part of latter and under-parts generally blackish fawn, unlike harveyi and natalensis ; groin whitish ; lower segments of the limbs, especially in hind- pair, blackish (in this respect resembling nigrifrons and differing from natalensis and harveyi) ; tail rufous on basal portion of upper surface, with a dark line above and long white hairs beneath. Xo specimen in collection. CEPHALOPHIX^ 79 XIV. CEPHALOPHUS LEUCOGASTEE. Cephalophus leucogaster, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, vol. xii, p. 43, 1873 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p, 420 ; Lydehher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 201, 1893, Great arid Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 154, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Boole of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 153, 1895 ; Alexander, From Nigeria Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907. Typical locality G-abun. Size medium; height at shoulder about 16 inches. General colour dull chestnut-rufous, with a broad blackish dorsal stripe ; face rufous darkening into brown in middle line ; crest mixed rufous and black ; nape browner ; hind aspect of buttocks and under-parts whitish; fore-legs and hind- legs posteriorly slaty grey. The dorsal stripe is mixed with rufous on withers, and becomes narrow and sharply defined near tail, which terminates in a large black tuft mingled with white. The presence of a white streak along front of the hind-shanks, described as a specific character, is not constant. The range extends from the Gabun to the Cameruns and Congo. 61. 7. 29. 20. Skin, mounted, and skull, immature. Gabun ; collected by Monsieur P. du Chaillu. Type. Purchased, 1861. 3. 2. 4. 26. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Efulen, Cameruns; collected by G. L. Bates, Esq. Purchased, 1903. 3. 2. 4. 29. Skull, with horns. Same locality and collector. Same history. 3. 2. 4. 30. Immature skull, with horns. Same locality and collector. Same history. 3. 2. 4. 31. A similar specimen. Same locality and collector. Same history . 1. 5. 4. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin. Stanley Falls, Congo ; collected by Capt. Weyns. Presented hy the Congo Free State Museum, 1901. 7. 7. 8. 223. Immature skull, with horns, and skin. BambHi, Welle Valley. Presented hy the Alexander -Gosling Expedition, 1907. so CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES XV. CEPHALOPHUS DOESALIS. Cephalophus dorsalis, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 165, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 146, 1847, Knowsleij Menagerie, p. 10, pL vii, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 123, 1871, p. 597, pi. xlv. Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 84, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 27, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 96, 1873 ; Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Chiine, pp. 194 and 218, 1853 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 594, pi. xlvi ; Murie, ibid. p. 595 ; Fitzinger, Sitzher. k. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869; Jentinl; Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 132, 1887, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. x, p. 20, 1888, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mas. (op. cit. vol. xi) p. 162, 1892 ; BilttiTiofer , Reisehilder Liberia, vol. ii, p. 377, 1890 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 420 ; Matschie, Mitth. deutsch. Schutz- gebiet, vol. vi, p. 81, 1893 ; Lydehher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 211, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 155, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 155, pi. xix, fig. 1, 1895 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 871 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 166, 1910. Antilope (Cephaloplius) dorsalis, Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. V, p. 425, 1855. Cephalophus badius. Gray. Cat. Ungulata, Brit. Mus. p. 84, 1852, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 595, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 26, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 94, 1873. Cephalophus breviceps. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1866, p. 202, pi. xx. Cephalops dorsalis, Knottnerus-Meyer, Arch. Naturgesch. vol. Ixxiii, pt. 1, p. 99, 1907. Typical locality Sierra Leone. Type of Cephalops. Size medium ; height at withers probably about 16 inches. Ears very short and broad ; general colour bright chestnut- rufous, \¥ith a dark dorsal stripe, commencing at the nose as a face-blaze, and interrupted only at the crest, which may be rufous ; middle line of face rufous ; eyebrow-streak bright rufous ; crest black, black and rufous, or rufous ; dorsal stripe, which is black on back, sometimes ill-defined and sometimes expanding into a patch on withers, continued down shoulders towards fore-legs ; under-parts, except for a black patch on chest, and hams rufous, like body ; fore-legs brown from shoulder downwards, hind-legs from above hocks ; tail black above, white below at and near tip. Skull with very short conical muzzle, deep lachrymal pits, and median palatal notch about one-fifth inch in advance of lateral pair. Length of skull 5^ inches, greatest breadth 3|, length from orbit to muzzle 3 inches. CEPHALOPHIN^ 81 The species has a considerable range on the west coast. 44. 11. 8. 13. Immature skin. Menagerie specimen, Sierra Leone. Type. Purchased, 1844. 46. 11. 2. 9. Immature skin. Gambia; collected by :\Ir. J. Whitfield. Presented hy the Earl of Berhy, 1846. 46. 11. 20. 1. Skull, with horns; associated with the preceding specimen. Same history. 63. 11. 29. 1. Skeleton and skin. Zoological Society. Purchased, 1863. 69. 3. 5. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Zoological Society. Type of C. hreviceps. Purchased, 1869. 92. 4. 23. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Fanti. Purchased, 1892. 11. 6. 2. 13. Skin, female. Bibianaha, Gold Coast. Presented hy Dr. H. G. F. Spurrell, 1911. 11. 6. 2. 14. Skin. Same locality. Same history. 12. 2. 19. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Obuassi, southern Ashanti ; collected by Capt. 0. H. Armitage. Presented hy the Zoological Society, 1912. 78. 7. 16. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Fanti. Piorchased, 1888. 97. 1. 5. 12. Skull, with horns, and skin. Fanti. Col- lection of Sir V. Brooke, Bart. Presented hy Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897. * * * * Skull, with horns, and skin. Presented hy the Zoological Society. 69. 3. 5. 11. Spirit specimen; hybrid between dorsalis and rufilatus. Zoological Society. Purchased, 1869. 62. 12. 2. 91. Skeleton. Purchased, 1862. XVI. CEPHALOPHUS CASTANEUS. Cephalophus dorsalis castaneus, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soo. 1892, p. 421 ; Sclater and Thomas, Boole of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 155, 1895. Cephalophus castaneus, Thomas, Ann. Congo Mus., Zool. vol. ii, pt. 1, p. 15, 1901 ; Alexander, From, Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907; LydeTtker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 156, 1908. Typical locality Cameruns. Eather larger than dorsalis, with, apparently, slightly bigger ears. General colour deep chestnut, with a black II. G 82 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES dorsal stripe, and brown shanks ; head darker and duller and chestnut eyebrow-stripe less distinct than in dorsalis. Skull with normal slender, elongate muzzle, with the interval between front border of orbit greater than zygomatic width ; thus differing from the short conical muzzle of dorsalis. Cheek-teeth larger than in that species. Basal length of type skull 6 inches, maximum width 3|, interval between orbit and muzzle 3^ inches. The range includes Southern Nigeria and French Congo. 71. 7. 8. 7. Skin, mounted, and skull. Cameruns. Type. Purchased, 1871. 5. 11. 27. 17. Skull, with horns. Benito Valley, French Congo ; collected by G. L. Bates, Esq. Piirchased, 1905. 7. 7. 8. 224. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Bambili, Welle Valley. Presented hy the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907. 3. 2. 4. 33. Immature skull, with horns. Efulen, Cameruns ; collected by CI. L. Bates, Esq. Purchased, 1903. 8. 6. 28. 2. Skin. Oban Hills, Southern Nigeria; collected by P. A. Talbot, Esq. Purchased, 1908. 10. 6. 1. 39. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality and collector. Purchased, 1910. 10. 6. 1. 40. Skull, with horns, and imperfect skin. Inkami, north-east of Oban ; same collector. Sams history. 12. 10. 28. 55. Skull, with horns, and skin. Oban ; same collector. Purchased, 1912. XVII. CEPHALOPHUS LEUCOCHILUS. Cephalophus leucochilus, Jentinh, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xxiii, p. 21, 1901 ; Lydekher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 156, 1908. Typical locality Loango, Angola. Stated to be larger, heavier, and darker than dorsalis, from which it is also distinguished by the higher part of the upper lips being white, like the chin, and by the presence of a white spot above each eye, terminating in a white line directed towards upper part of nose. Very probably not more than a race of dorscdis. No example in collection. CEPIIALOPHIN.E 83 (?) CEPHALOPHUS EMINI. Cephalophus emini, Noack, Zool. Anz. vol. xxvii, p. 405, 1905 ; LydeVker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 166, 1908. Described on the evidence of a headless skin from East Central Africa, probably west of the Victoria Nyanza, said to indicate a duiker of the leucogaster-dorsalis group, charac- terised by the length of the rufous brown hair of the back, and the presence of a yellow ring on each hair of the under- parts, which communicates a speckled appearance to the coat of this surface. Even supposing the generic determina- tion to be correct, the right of this form to a specific position is uncertain. XVIII. CEPHALOPHUS OGILBYI. Antilope ogilbyi, Waterhouse, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1838, p. 60, 1842, p. 129, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. ii, p. 472, 1839, vol. xii, p. 57, 1849 ; Fraser, Zool. Typ. pi. xix, 1849. Cephalophorus ogilbyi, O-ray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. x, p. 262, 1842, List. Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 163, 1843. Antilope (Tragelaphus) ogilbyi, Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. Begn. Aniin., Mamm. p. 181, 1842. Antilope (Ceplialophus) ogilbyi, Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 466, 1844, vol. v, p. 423, 1855. Cephalophus ogilbyi. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 165, 1846, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 10, pi. viii, fig. 2, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 122, 1871, p. 529, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 83, 1852, Oat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 26, 1872, Hand- List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 98, 1873 ; TeinmincJc, Esquiss. Zool. Ouine, pp. 194 and 217, 1858 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862 ; Fitzinger, Sitzher. h. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 167, 1869; JentinTc, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. x, p. 20, 1888, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 162, 1892 ; BiittiJcofer, Beisehilder Liberia, vol. ii, p. 377, 1890 ; Matschie, Arch. Nat. 1891, pt. 1, p. 353, Mitth. deutsch. Schutz- gebiet, vol. vi, p. 81, 1893 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 422 ; Lydehher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 211, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 156, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 161, 1895 {non pi. xviii, fig. 2) ; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 40, 1897. Sylvicapra ogilbyi, Simdevall, K. Svensha Vet.-AJc. Handl. 1844, p. 191. Cephalophia ogilbyi, Knottnerus-Meyer, Arch. Naturgesch. vol. Ixxiii, pt. 1, p. 99, 1907. Typical locality Eernando Po. Type of Cephalophia. a 2 84 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Size medium ; shoulder-heigbt about 22 inclies. General colour bright orange, tending to rufous on hind-quarters ; face, except brown nose, coloured like body, but nape and sides of neck brown or blackish, with the hair very thin ; a black dorsal stripe commences indistinctly at withers, becomes narrower and more defined on flanks, and is con- tinued on to tail ; front of shanks black but limbs elsewhere dull yellowish down to pasterns, wdiere they are brown or blackish, skull with strong frontal convexity, and shallow pits for face-glands ; three subequal notches on hind border of palate. Basal length of skull 7j, maximum width 85, interval between muzzle and orbit 4| inches. Length of ear 3, of hind-foot 9| inches. 55. 12. 24. 403. Skin. Fernando Po. Type. Presented hy G. Knapp, Esq., 1855. 52. 2. 22. 10. Skull, with horns. Fernando Po ; collected by L. Fraser, Esq. Figured " Hand-List Euminants " (1873). Ficrchased, 1852. 4. 7. 1. 126. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bantabiri, Fernando Po ; collected by Mr. E. Seimund. Presented hy Fernando Po Commission, 1904. 4. 7. 1. 127. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 3. 1. 6. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Moka, Fernando Po. Presented hy Boyd Alexander, Esq., 1903, 64. 12. 21. 1. Skull, with horns, immature. Fernando Po. Purchased, 1864. 64. 12. 27. 2. Skull, with horns. Fernando Po. Same history. 42. 11. 4. 31. Skin. Fernando Po. Presented hy Lieut. T. Thomson, B.N., 1842. XIX. CEPHALOPHUS BEOOKEI. Cephalophus brookei, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xi, p. 290, 1893 ; Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 157, 1908. Cephalophus ogilbyi, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, pi. xviii, fig. 2, 1895. Typical locality Fanti. The mainland representative of ogilhji, from ^^'hich it CEPIIALOPHIN^i Sri differs by the reversal of the direction of the hairs of the nape (these being directed forwards for a distance of 3 or 4 inches in the same manner as in weynsi and johnstoni), the broader dorsal stripe, ending 3 or 4 inches short of tail- tip, the light colour of the limbs to the hoofs, and the less inflated frontal region of the skull. The tail-tuft is black and white. The range includes Fanti, the Gold Coast, the Cameruns, and Southern Nigeria. 97. 1. 5. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Fanti. Type. Formerly in collection of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart. Presented hy Sir Douglas JBrooke, Bart., 1897. 97. 1. 5. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Same locality and collection. Same history. 97. 1. 5. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Same locality and collection. Same history. 97. 1. 5. 122. Skin, immature. Usshur, Gold Coast. Sir Victor Brooke's collection. Same history. 3. 4. 23. 1. Skull, with horns. Cape Dikundscha, Cameruns. Presented hy Dr. JEinar Lonnherg, 1903. 3. 4. 11. 1-2. Two skins. Same locality. Same history. 8. 6. 28. 1. Skin. Oban Hills, Southern Nigeria. Presented hy P. A. Talbot, Esq., 1908. 10. 6. 1. 41. Skull, with horns, and skin. Niaji, north- east of Oban ; collected by P. A. Talbot, Esq. Purchased, 1910. 12. 10. 28. 56. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Oban district ; same collector. Purchased, 1912. XX. CEPHALOPHUS CALLIPYGUS. Cephalophus oallipygus, Peters, Monatsher. Ak. Berlin, 1876, p. 483, pis. lii and iv ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 422 ; LydelcJcer, Horns and Hoofs, -p. 211, 1893, Great and Small Oame of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 157, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 165, 1895. Cephalophelia callipyga, Knottnerus-Meyer, Arch. Naturgesoh. vol. Ixxiii, pt. 1, p. 99, 1907. Type of Cephalophelia. Typical locality Gabun. Height approximately as in dorsalis. Hairs of nape 86 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES directed forwards ; general colour yellowish brown, becoming more distinctly rufous on loins ; forehead and crest rich rufous ; chin and throat white, rest of under-parts yellowish ; a broad black dorsal stripe, commencing at withers, widening at loins, and including whole hind surface of hips and back of hind-legs to hocks, as well as tail, except under side of tip, where hairs have white points ; sides of thighs adjacent to black area rich rufous. Basal length of skull about 6J inches. The range includes the Cameruns, as well as the Gabun. 3. 2. 4. 27. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Efulen, Cameruns ; collected by G-. L. Bates, Esq. Purchased, 1903. 3. 2. 4. 32. Skull, with horns, female. Same locality and collector. Sama history. XXI. CEPHALOPHUS EUEILATUS. Antilope grimmia, Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. ed. 2, vol. ii, p. 191, 1816, Maniin. p. 464, 1822; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 379, 1827, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. x, p. 294, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Regn. Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal King- dom, vol. iv, p. 266, vol. v, p. 347, 1827 ; J. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 468, 1829 ; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Siippl. vol. iv, p. 451, 1844; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 418, 1815 ; Giehel, Sdugethiere, p. 321, 1853-55 ; neo Pallas. Cephaloplms grimmia, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 216, 1834. Antilope (Grimmia) grimmia, Latirillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 623, 1841. Sylvicapra grimmia, Sundevall, K. SvensTca Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 190, 1846. Cephalophus nifilatus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 166, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 56, 1847, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 10, pis. vi and ix, 1850, Proc. Zool. Sac. 1850, p. 123, 1871, p. 597, Cat. TJngulata Brit. Mus. p. 85, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 26, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 95, 1873; Turner, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 170; Tem- mincTc, Bsquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 221, 1853 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862 ; Fitninger, Sitzher. Jc. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869 ; Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 132, 1387, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {op. cit. vol. xi) p. 162, 1892; Matschie, Mitth. deutsch. Schutzgebiet, vol. vi, p. 81, 1893 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 423 ; Lydehher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 211, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Ga^ne Animals of Africa, p. 158, 1908; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, CEPHALOPHINiE 87 vol. i, p. 167, pi. xix, fig. 1, 1895 ; de Winton, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 771. Antilope (Cephalolophus) rufilatus, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere , Suppl. vol. V, p. 425, 1855. Cephalophus rufilatus cuvieri, Fitzinger, Sitzher. h. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869. Type of Grimmia. Typical locality Gambia. The smallest of the red duikers (agreeing approximately with the blue G. natalensis), representing a dwarf type of the dorsalis group with the black areas replaced by gray, and the rufous, or chestnut, typically of a lighter tint than usual. Height at withers aboiit 14 inches ; horns very small; direction of hairs on nape normal. General colour bright yellowish rufous or ochery buff on sides of face, neck, shoulders, flanks, rump, and under- parts, bluish grey on middle line of nose, forehead, back of head and ears, middle line of back from withers to rump, and lower part of limbs ; crest long, blackish ; tail rufous above at base, black at tip. Skull with long and slender muzzle and deep lachrymal pits ; central palatine notch about \ inch in advance of lateral ones; basal length 5^, maximum width 2|-, interval from orbit to muzzle 2^ inches. Length of ear 2j, of hind- foot 7 inches. The slate-coloured legs and dorsal stripe, together with the thicker horns, serve to distinguish this species from the much larger G. harveyi and G. nigrifrons. This range extends along the west coast of Africa, from Gambia to the Niger. The two local races are distinguished as follows : — a. General colour yellowisli rufous or ochery buff; nape, dorsal patch, and feet smoky grey C. r. rufilatus. h. General colour burnt-sienna; nape, dorsal patch, and feet slaty grey C. r. rubidior. A.— Cephalophus rufilatus rufilatus. Typical locality Gambia. General characters those of the species. 46. 11. 2. 8. Skin. Gambia. Co-type. Presented by the Earl of Derby, 1846. 88 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 46. 11. 20. 2. Skull, associated with the above. Same history. 99. 6. 15. 19. Skin, mounted, and skull. Gambaga, Gold Coast. Presented hy Capt. W. Giffard, 1899. 8. 12. 18. 2. Skin, mounted, and skull. Senegambia. Presented ly F. R. Roberts, Esc[., 1908. 5. 12. 10. 1. Skull, with horns. Lagos. Presented hy W. A. Ross, Esq., 1905. 5. 12. 10. 2-3, Two skulls, with horns, female. Same locality. Same history. 93. 3. 5. 2. Skull, with horns, immature. Gambia. Presented hy G. Carter, Esq., 1893. 99. 6. 15. 16. Skull, with horns, female. Gambaga. Presented by Capt. W. Giffard, 1899. 7. 12. 8. 2. Skull, with horns, immature. Sierra Leone. Presented hy Major Pearce, 1907. 65. 4. 27. 11. Immature skull, with horns. From Dr. Baikie's collection. Presented hy Earl Russell, 1865. 65. 5. 9. 6-7. Two skulls, with horns. Gambia (?). Collected by Mr. Dalton. Purchased, 1865. 65. 5. 9. 5. Skin and skeleton. Gambia (?); same collector. Same history. 8. 6. 26. 10. Skull, with horns, young. Daru, Sierra Leone. Presented by Ga-pt. L. Murray, 1908. 54. 12. 6. 1. Skin, W. Africa. Purchased, 1854. 54. 12. 27. 1. Skull, with horns, associated with the preceding. Same history. 11. 6. 10. 104-105. Two skins. Upper Gambia. Presented hy G. Fenwick Given, Esq., 1911. 99. 8. 24. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Jebba, Nigeria. Presented by Dr. C. Christy, 1899. 4. 1. 27. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Gambia. Presented by Sir George Barton, 1904. 5. 12. 10. 2. Skull, with horns, young. Lagos. Presented by W. A. Ross, Esq., 1905. 10. 2. 17. 3. Skin. Gambia. Presented by Capt. H. S. Topfin, 1910. CEPIIALOPHIN.K 89 B.— Cephalophus rufllatus rubidior. Cephalophus rufilatus rubidior, Thomas and Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xix, p. 383, 1907 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907; Lydekher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 158, 1908. Typical locality Welle Valley, Congo State. General colour much redder than in typical race ; the rather long and harsh hau" being dark reddish brown, approaching burnt-sienna, with a narrow patch on middle line of back much darker and bluish; under-parts a paler shade of same colour. The colour-pattern is the same as in the typical race, but the dark dorsal area is somewhat less defined and the yellowish rufous or ochery buff general colour replaced by burnt-sienna, while the smoky grey of the nape, dorsal patch, and feet of the typical race is slaty grey ; in both races the chin and inner sides of thighs are white. 7. 7. 8. 221. Skull, wdth horns, and skin. Near Angu, Welle Valley. Type. Presented by the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907. 7. 7. 8. 220. Skull, with horns, and skin, female, i'lolegbwe, near Banzy ville, Welle Valley. Same history. XXII. CEPHALOPHUS DOEI.^. Antilope doria, Ogilhy, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 121 ; Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 42, 1838 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Supjpl. vol. iv, p. 444, 1844; Fraser, Zool. Typ. pi. xviii, 1849. Antilope zebra, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. i, p. 27, 1838 ; Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. JRegn. Anitn., Mamm. p. 176, 1842. Antilope zebrata, Oervais, Diet. Sci. Nat. Sioppl. vol. i, p. 267, 1840 (ex Bohert, 1836 ?), Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 202, 1855. Cepbalophorus zebra, Oray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 163, 1843. Damalis (?) zebra, Oray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 22, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 142, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 129, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 45, 1872. Cephalophus doria, Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. vii, p. 270, pi. ix, 1885, vol. X, p. 21, pis. ii and iii, 1888, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 133, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. [op. cit. vol. xi) p. 164, 1892 ; Biittikofer, Beisehilder Liberia, vol. ii, p. 377, pi. xxix, 1890. 90 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Cephalophus doriiB, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1902, p. 424 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 77, 1892 ; LydeM-er, Horns and Hoofs, p. 211, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 159, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 171, pi. xx, 1895 ; Leighton, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 1045. Cephalophela dorise, Knottnerus-Meyrr, Arch. Natwrgesch. vol. Ixxiii, pt. 1, p. 99, 1907. Type of Cephalophela. Typical locality Sierra Leoue. Size small, height at shoulder about 16 inches. General colour pale rufous, marked with about a dozen broad trans- verse black bands on the back, commencing just behind the shoulder and extending to the root of the tail ; face (with the exception of the blackish nasal region), ears, neck, and shoulders rufous or chestnut ; under-parts rather paler than rufous of back ; legs rufous with broad black patches on outer side of shanks and wholly black pasterns ; large glandular tufts on hocks ; tail rufous mixed with black above, white below ; horns small, seldom exceeding two inches in length. Skull stout, with the nasal region broad, flat, and parallel-sided, shallow lachrymal depressions, and the frontal region not markedly inflated ; horn-cores directed downwards and backwards, forming grooves in the parietals ; the three notches on hind border of palate nearly equal in depth. Basal length of skull 5| inches, width 2f , length from orbit to muzzle 3f inches. The range extends along the interior of the west coast of Africa from* Liberia to Sierra Leone. 55. 12. 24. 294. Imperfect skin. Sierra Leone. Type. From Dr. J. Gould's collection. Purchased, 1855. 87. 9. 15. 2. Skin, mounted. Du Queah Valley, Liberia ; collected by Dr. J. Biittikofer. Also skeleton. Purchased, 1887. 87. 9. 15. 3. Skin and skeleton, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 38. 4. 16. 237. Skin. Sierra Leone. Type of Antilope zebra. Purchased, 1836. CEPHALOPIIINJi 91 XXIII. CEPHALOPHUS NIGEE. Cephalophus niger, Qray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. i, vol. xviii, p. 165, 1846, List Osieol. Brit. Mus. p. 57, 1847, Knoivsley Menagerie. p. 10, pi. vii, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 123, 1871, p. 597, Gat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 84, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 27, 1872, Band-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 96, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862 ; Fitninger, Sitzber. k. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869 ; Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 132, 1887, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. x, p. 20, 1887, Cat. Alamm. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 162, 1892, Bilttikofer, Beisehild. Liberia, vol. ii, p. 376, 1890 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 425 ; Matschie, Mitth. deutsch. Schutzgebiet, vol. vi, p. 81, 1893 ; Lydekher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 212, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 160, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 175, pi. xiv, fig. 1, 1895; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 41, 1897. Antilope pluto, Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 214, 1853 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Sup^jl. vol. v, p. 422, 1855. Cephalopidium nigrum, Knottnerus-Meyer, Arch. Naturgesch. vol. Ixxiii, pt. 1, p. 99, 1907. Type of Cephalopidiuiii. Typical locality Guinea. Size medium ; shoulder-height about 18 inches. General colour uniform dark smoky brown, darkest on rump and limbs, and palest on throat and chest ; face tawny, darkening into rich rufous on crest, but centre of forehead in some instances brown, or even black ; ears black on back, rufous inside ; tail black above, with whitish terminal tuft. Horns usually from 3 to 3^ inches in length, straight, with rough bases ; small ones present in female. Skull long and narrow, with an inflated frontal region, middle notch on hind border of palate slightly deeper than lateral ones, and lachrymal pit relatively shallow ; basal length 6|, maximum width 3-|, interval between front border of orbit and muzzle 4^ inches. The range extends from Liberia to the Gold Coast. 46. 2. 16. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Guinea ; collected by Leyden Museum. Type. Purchased, 1846. 92. 4. 23. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Fanti. Purclwsed, 1892. 93 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 97. 1. 5. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. Fanti. From the collection of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart. Presented ly Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897. 97. 1. 5. 6. Skin, female. Fanti. Same history. 7. 12. 8. 1. Skull, with horns. Freetown, Sierra Leone. Presented hy Major A. Pearce, 1907. 11. 6. 2. 17. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bibianaha, Gold Coast. Presented hy Dr. H. G. F. Spurrell, 1911. 8. 6. 2G. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Darn, Sierra Leone. Presented by Crept. L. Hurray, 1908. 8. 6. 26. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 8. 6. 26. .5. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality. Same history. 8. 6. 26. 6. Imperfect skull, with horns, and skin, female. Seime history. ■4. 6. 2. 11. Skull, with horns, and skin. Monrovia, Liberia; collected by Mr. Alexander Whyte. Presented hy the Liberian Development Co., 1904. 5. 8. 18. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Monrovia. Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.G.M.G., K.G.B., 1905. 82. 6. 12. 4. Young skin. Ankoba Valley, Wasa, Ashanti. Presented hy Capts. Burton and Cameron, 1882. 97. 1. 5. 9. Three skulls, with horns, and skins. Gold Coast. From the collection of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart. Presented hy Sir Douglets Brooke, Bart., 1897. XXIV. CEPHALOPHUS WALKEEI. Cephalophus walkeri, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 464 ; LydeJeker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 159, 1908. Typical locality Tuchila Valley, Nyasaland. A dark-coloured species, about equal in size to C. leneoyaster (p. 79). General colour dark greyish brown, approaching sepia, the hairs, except on back, where they are nearly black, being speckled with buffish; on under- parts and inner sides of limbs the colour lightens to hair- brown ; crest and front of face from muzzle to between horns black ; chin and cheeks pale fawn, with a line of more distinct buff near the black above eyes ; backs of eai's grizzled brown GF.PIIALOPHIN.E 93 or blackish ; a black line along nape and back connects dark area on face with that of loins ; limbs dark, nearly black inferiorly ; tail apparently with same white. The species may be allied to nigcr, but its true affinities cannot be determined till the male is known. 6. 4. 21. 1. Skin, female. Tuchila ^'alley, near Blantyre, Nyasaland. Type. 2. Subgenus Guevei. Guevei, Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 86, 1852 ; PococJc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, pp. 867 and 876. Inguinal glands wanting; horns and ears of the same general type as those of Cephalophus, the former general present in females as well as in males. XXV. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) MAXWELLI. Antilope (Cephalophus) maxwelli, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal King- dom, vol. iv, p. 267, vol. V, p. 347, 1827 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. p. 294, 1836, Nouv. Tahl. Begn. Anim., Manim. p. 178, 1842 ; Giehel, Zeitschr. ges. Nat. vol. xxxv, p. 43, 1870. Antilope (Cephalophus) philantomba, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. v, p. 349, 1827; Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 121 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. p. 295, 1886, Nouv. Tahl. Begn. Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842; Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 41, 1838; Schinz. Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 422, 1845. Cephalophus maxwelli, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 216, 1834 ; Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 166, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 146, 1847, Knoivsley Menagerie, p. 11, pi. xi, a, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 124, 1871, p. 600i Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 28, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 97, 1873 ; TemmincJc, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 223, 1653 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 237, 1862 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1868, p. 625 ; Murie, ibid. p. 595 ; Garrod, ibid. 1877, p. 4 ; Flower and Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. B. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 269, 1884 ; Jentinh, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. X, p. 21, 1887, Gat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 133, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (op. cit. vol. xi) p. 163, 1892 ; Biittikofer, Beisebilder Liberia, vol. ii, p. 379, 1890 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 425 ; LydeTcher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 212, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 160, 1908 ; Matschie, Mitth. deutsch. Schutzgebiet, vol. vi, p. 81, 1893, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1893, p. 256 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 179, pi. xxi, fig. 2, 1895 ; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 42, 1897. Cephalophus philantomba, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 317, 1834. 9-i CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Antilope maxwellii, Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 683, 1868. Antilope frederioi, Laiirillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 623, 1841 ; Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. Regn. Anim., Mamni. p. 178, 1842 ; Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 454, 1844 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 321, 1855. Cephalophus punctulatus, Oray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 167, 1846, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 11 (non. pi. viii, fig. 1 = C. sylvicultrix), 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 125, 1871, p. 600, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 88, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 29, 1972, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 98, 1873 ; Temmincic, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 236, 1853 ; Fitzinger, Sitaher. Tc. Al<. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869. Sj'lvicapra philantomba and S. frederici, Sundevall, K. Svens'ka Vef.- Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 190, 1846. Cephalophus whitfleldi, Oray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 11, pi. xi, fig. 2, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 125, 1871, p. 599, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 88, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 28, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 97, 1873 ; Fitzinger, Sitzher. h. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869. Cephalophus [Guevei] maxwelli, Oray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 86, 1852. Antilope (Cephalolophus) maxwelli, punctulatus, and whitfleldi, Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. v, pp. 427-429, 1855. Cephalophus frederici, Fitzinger, Sitzber. h. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869. Guevei maxwelli, Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 867. Type of Guevei. Typical locality Sierra Leone. Size considerably less than in nigcr, the shoulder-height laeing only about 14 inches ; length of ear 2, of hind-foot Of inches. General colour uniform slaty brown, paler on under-parts and inner sides of limbs ; eyebrow-streaks whitish ; ears, which are small and rounded, dark brown on backs ; rump and base of tail coloured like body, except that the upper side of the root of the tail and immediately adjacent area is rather darker ; remainder of tail brown above, whitish beneath ; outer sides of legs coloured like body ; horns directed at a slight angle to plane of face, short, usually about 2 inches in length ; skull broad and stout, with relatively narrow muzzle and rather shallow lachrymal depressions ; middle notch of hind border of palate about J of an inch in advance of lateral pair. Basal length of skull 4f , maximum width 2h, length from muzzle to orbit 2f inches. CEPHALOPHIN.E 9o The range extends through the forest-region of the west side of Africa from Gambia to the Gold Coast. 46. 11. 2. 6. Immature skin and associated skull and horns (46. 11. 20. 3). Gambia ; collected by Mr. J. Whitfield. Type of G. whitfieldi. Presented ly the Earl of Derhj, 1846. 987, i. Skull, with horns, immature. Sierra Leone. Type of C. punctulatus. Presented hy Col. Sabine, about 1846. 48. 10. 11. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. West Africa. Presented hy the Earl of Derby, 1848. 78. 7. 16. 5. Skull and skin, female. Fanti. Purchased, 1878. 69. 3. 5. 11. Immature skull and skin. Bred in Zoo- logical Society's Menagerie. Presented hy the Zoological Society, 1869. 97. 1. 5. 10. Two skins. Fanti. From the collection of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart. Presented by Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897. 4. 6. 2. 12. Skull and skin, female. Liberia. Presented hy the Liherian Development Co., 1904. 8. 6. 26. 7. Skull and skin, female. Darn, Sierra Leone. Presented by Capt. L. Murray, 1908. 10. 4. 9. 29. Skull, with horns, and skin. Gunnal, Portuguese Guinea. Presented hy Dr. W. J. Ansorge, 1910. 10.4.9.30. Young skull. Same locality. Same history. Skin. Bibianaha, Gold Coast. Presented hy Dr. IT. G. F. Spurrell, 1911. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history. Skin. Mount Barclay, Liberia. Presented hy R. H. Bunting, Esq., 1912. 94. 7. 25. 4. Skull, female. Benin. Presented by A. Millson, Esq., 1894. 7. 11. 19. 3. Young skull. Oban, Nigeria. Presented by Mrs. P. A. Talbot, 1907. 7. 12. 8. 4. Young skull, female. Sierra Leone. Presented hy Major A. Pearce, 1907. 62. 12. 29. 7. Foetal skeleton. Zoological Society. Purchased, 1862. 46. 2. 16. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Guinea ; collected by Leyden Museum. Purchased, 1846. 11. 6. 2. 15. 11. 6. 9 -J. 16. 12. 5. 9. 11. 9*J CATALOG UK OF UNGULATES XXVI. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) MELANOEHEUS. Cephalophus melanorheus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 167, 1846, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 11, pi. x, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 125, 1871, p. 600, Cat. TJngulata Brit. Mus. p. 88, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 28, 1872, Hand- List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 98, 1873 ; Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Ouine, pp. 194 and 236, 1853 ; Fitzinger, Sitzher. k. Ale. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869 ; Peters, Monatsber. Ak. BerUn, 1876, p. 482 ; Matschie, Arch. Nat. 1891, pt. 1, pp. 358 and 354 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 426 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 212, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 161, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 185, 1895 ; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 43, 1897. Antilope (Cephaloplms) melanorheus, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. V, p. 428, 1855. Cephalophus raelanorheneus, Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907. Guevei melanorlieus, Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 870; Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mam. Mus. Madrid, p. 122, 1912. Typical locality Fernando Po. Differs from maxwelli by its inferior size (shoulder -height about 13 inches), and by the brown of the back shading into black on and at each side of the base of the tail, below which there is a sudden change to white on the hips. Eoot-glands consisting of a simple tube, not extending so far as the lateral hoofs, and not expanded into a dilatation between the bones in the manner of maxwelli. Horns of males but little larger than those of females. The range includes the country south and east of the Niger, extending on the west coast from the Cameruns to Angola, and eastwards to the coast, opposite Zanzibar, Uganda, and B. E. Africa. The following features serve to distinguish four of the local races of the species : — A. Black of back extending on to croup. a. Under-parts pale slaty brown C. in. melanorheus. b. Under-parts darker (dark isabella-brown) C. m. cequatorialis. c. Under-parts drab C. m. musculoides. B. Black of dorsal area restricted to region imme- diately round root of tail Cm. anchietce. The fifth race is too imperfectly known to be included in this key. CEPHALOPHIN.E 97 A.— Cephalophus melanopheus melanorheus. Cephalophus melanorheus typicus, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 185, 1895. Typical locality Fernando Po. General characters those given above. 42.11.4 29. Skin, female. Fernando Po. Type. Presented hy Mrs. Thomson, 1842. 42. 11. 4. 30. Skull, with horns, and skin, young. Fer- nando Po. Same history. 3. 1. 6. 5. Skin. Fernando Po. Presented by Boyd Alexander, Usq., 1903. 4. 7. 1. 128. Skull and skin, female. Bilelipi, Fernando Po ; collected by Mr. E. Seimund. Presented by the Fernando Po Commission, 1904. 4. 7. 1. 129-136. Skins and skulls of two adult males, three adult females, one young male, and two young females. Bantabiri, Fernando Po ; collected by Mr. Seimund. Same history. 51. 11. 14. 31. Skull, Fernando Po ; collected by Mr. L. Fraser. Purchased, 1851. 51. 11. 14. 34. Skeleton. Same locality and collector. Same history. 90. 5. 30. 1. Young, in spirit. Fernando Po. Presented by J. G. Thrupp, Esq., 1890. B.— Cephalophus melanorheus sundevalli. Cephalophus pygmaeus sundevalli, Fitzinger, Situher. h. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869. Cephalophus melanorheus sundevalli, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 185, 1895. Typical locality Eastern Africa. Characters imperfectly known. 74. 4. 20. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Zanzibar. Presented by Sir John Kirk, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1874. 68. 9. 9. 1. Skull and skin, female. Zanzibar. Same donor, 1868. II. 98 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES C— Cephalophus melanorheus anchietse. Cephalophus anohietse, Socage, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1878, p. 743. Typical locality Angola. Provisionally admitted as a race. Said to differ from typical melanorheus by the smaller extent of the black, which is restricted to the region round the tail, instead of extending on to the croup. 10. 7. 20. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Cubal Valley, 100 miles inland from Benguela, Angola. Presented by H. F. Varian, Esq., 1910. 10. 4. 8. 31. Skull, with horns, and skin. N'dalla Tando, Angola; collected by Dr. W. J. Ansorge. P^ir chased, 1910. D.— Cephalophus melanorheus aequatorialls. Cephalophus sequatorialis, Matschie, Situher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1892, p. 112, Sdugethiere Deutsch-OstafriJca, p. 115, 1895 ; Scott- Elliott, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 341 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 189, 1895 ; Lydehker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Gaine Animals of Africa, p. 161, 1908. Cephalophus sequinoctialis, LydeTiker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 209, 1893. (?) Cephalophus sequatorialis bakeri, M. Bothschild and Neuville, C.B.Ac. Sci. Paris, vol. cxliv, p. 219, 1907; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 162, 1908. Guevei sequatorialis, Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 870. Typical locality Chagwi, Uganda. Differs from typical race by the darker under-parts, which are described as dark isabella-brown. Pocock (who suggested that this duiker may be merely a race of melano- rheus, from which it was considered inseparable by Pousargues) states that the foot differs from that of maxwelli by the absence of white spots on the back of the pastern and on front above main interdigital cleft. The so-called G. ce. bakeri does not appear to present characters of racial value. 99. 6. 10. 1. Skin, mounted. Uganda. Presented by Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1899. 93. 10. 18. 2. Skull and skin, female. Somerset Hill, Uganda. Presented by Gajiit. IF. IT. Williams, 1893. CEPHALOPHIN^ 99 93. 10. 18. 3. Skin, immature. Same locality. Same history. 1. 8. 9. 67. Skull, with horns, and skin. Entebbe, Uganda. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, K.C.M.G., K.G.B., 1901. 1. 8. 9. 85. Skeleton, female. Kampala, Uganda. Same history. 1. 8. 9. 132. Skeleton. Kampala. Same history. 3. 7. 5. 1-2. Two skins. Elgeyu Escarpment, B. E. Africa. Presented hy F. W. Isaac, Esq., 1903. 98. 10. 10. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Uganda. Presented hy Capt. H. J. Madocks, 1898. 95. 3. 5. 5. Skull and skin, female. Presented hy G. F. Scott- Elliott, Esq., 1895. 7. 10. 1. 12. Skull, female. Budongo Forest, Uganda. Presented hy L. M. Seth-Smith, Esq., 1907. E.— Cephalophus melanorheus musculoides. Cephaloplius monticola musculoides, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect. vol. M, no. 7, p. 8, 1913. Typical locality Kagumeja Forest, B. E. Africa. Type in U. S. National Museum. Distinguished from cequatorialis by larger size and light under-parts, which contrast markedly with flanks. Heller classes both this form and aquatorialis (which was described by Sclater and Thomas as very close to melanorheus) as races of monticola, in which he may perhaps intend to include melanorheus. The following specimen is provisionally referred to this race : — 10. 10. 14. 7. Skull and skin, female. Kwali Forest, Shimba Hills, British East Africa ; collected by Mr. E. Kemp. Presented hy G. D. Rudd, Esq., 1910. Specifically Undetermined Specimens. 3. 2. 4. 28. Skull, with horns, and skin. Batianga, Cameruns ; collected by G. L. Bates, Esq. Purchased, 1903. 62. 6. 28. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Cameruns ; collected by Mrs. Burton. Purchased, 1862. H 2 100 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 71. 7. 8. 6. Skin, female. Cameruns. Purchased, 1871. 71. 7. 8. 7. Skull and skin, female. Cameruns. Purchased, 1871. 71. 5. 27. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. Gabun. Presented hy Monsieur P. du Chaillu, 1871. 7. 7. 8. 225. Skull, with horns, and skin. Molegbwe, near Banzyville, Welle Valley. Presented hy the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907. 7. 7. 8. 226. Skull, with horns, and skin. Guraba Valley, Northern Nigeria. Same history. 7. 7. 8. 227. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kemmo, Northern Nigeria. Same history. 7. 7. 8. 228. Skull and skin, female. Kemmo. Same history. 10.6.1.42. Skin. Nkami, north-east of Oban, Southern Nigeria. Presented hy P. A. Talhot, Esq., 1910. 10. 6. 1. 43. Skull and skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 10. 6. 1. 44. Skin. Ndebbyi, Oban. Same history. 7.1.2.6. Skull, with horns, and skin. Avakubi, Eastern Congo Forest. Presented hy B. B. Woosnam, Esq., 1907. 62.6.21.5. Skeleton. West Africa; Zoological Society. Purchased, 1862. XXVII. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) MONTICOLA. Capra monticola, Thunherg, Beise, vol. ii, p. 66, 1789. Antilope monticola, Thunherg, Mem. Ac, Sci. St. Petersb. vol. iii, p. 314, 1811 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. TJpsal. vol. vii, p. 220, 1815. Antilope pygmsea, Sching, Cuvier'a Thierreich, vol. i, p. 393, 1821, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 417, 1845 ; Burchell, List Quadr. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 6, 1825 ; Lichtenstein, Darstellung. Sdugethiere, pi. xvi, fig. 1, 1828 ; J. S. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 462, 1829 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 86, 1832 ; Oiven, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, p. 633, 1868; Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 41, 1838 ; Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 623, 1841 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. iv, p. 452, 1844, vol. v, p. 429, 1855 ; Peters, Beise nach Mozambique, Sdugeth. p. 184, 1854; Qiebel, Sdugethiere, p. 322, 1855. Antilope (Cephalophus) cserulea, S. Smith, Griffith' s Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 268, vol. V, p. 348, 1827 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. X, p. 294, 1836, Nouv. Tall. Begn. Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 422, 1845. CEPHALOPHIN^ 101 Antilope (Cephalophus) perpusilla, S. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 269, vol. v, p. 348, 1827; A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 217, 1834; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. x, p. 294, 1836, Nouv. Tall. Bign. Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842. Cephalophus oseruleus, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. il, p. 216, 1834 ; Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. xxvi, fig. 2, 1840 ; Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 163, 1843 ; Jentinh, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 133, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {op. cit. vol. xi) p. 163, 1892. Antilope perspisiUa, Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 7, Anat. Verte- brates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868. (?) Tragulus pygmseus, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 138, teste Pococh, 1910. Tragelaphus pygmseus, Bilppell, Verzeichniss Mus. SencJcenberg, pt. 1, p. 37, 1842. Antilope minuta, Forstcr, Bescrip. Anim. p. 383, 1844. Sylvioapra pygmEea, Sundevall, K. Svensha Vet.-ATc. Handl. 1844, p. 190, 1846. Cephalophus montioola, Cray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 167, 1847, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 11, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 124 ; Turner, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 170 ; Blyth, Cat. Mus. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, p. 168, 1863 ; Bocage, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1878, p. 743 ; Thomas, ibid. 1892, p. 477 ; Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 29, 1892 ; Lydehher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 207, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 162, 1908 ; Bendall, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 361 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 191, pi. xxi, fig. 1, 1895 ; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 45, 1897 ; Matschie, Sdugethiere Beutsch- Ostafriha, p. 115, 1895 ; Kirby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 880 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 163, 1900. Cephalophus pygmeeus. Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 87, 1852 (Guevei), Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 599, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 28, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 97, 1873 Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1861, p. 209; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 237, 1862; Fitzinger, Sitzber. h. ATi. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869; Garrod, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1877, p. 4; Jentinh, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays Bas, vol. ix) p. 153, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {op. cit. vol. xi) p. 164, 1892 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 301 1889. Cephalophus bicolor. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1862, p. 263, pi. xxiv, 1871, p. 600, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 29, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 98, 1873. Cephalophus pygmaeus oaffer, Fitzinger, Sitzber. h. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869; Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1897, p. 158. Guevei montioola, Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 870. Typical locality Cape Colony. Size and horns approximately the same as in melanorheus 102 CATALOGUE OF U^'ilULATES (shoulder-height about 13 inches), colour as in maxivelli, except that the legs are bright rufous from the knees and hocks to the hoofs. The range extends through the wooded districts of South Africa from Cape Colony to Angola on the west and Natal, Zululand, B. E. Africa and Ehodesia on the east. The Zulu form described as C. pygmces caffer is stated to be of a duller fulvescent colour than the typical Cape animal. 48. a. Skull, with horns, and skin. Galgeboscli, Uitenhage, Cape Colony. Type of Antilope cceridea. Presented hy Dr. W. J. Burchell, aboid 1817. 42. 4. 10. 8. Skull and skin, female. South Africa ; collected by Dr. Krauss. Purchased, 1842. 62. 10. 21. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Umgozi Forest, Zululand. Type of G. hicolor. Presented by W Foshrooke, Esq., 1862. 62. 10. 21. 2. Skull, with horns, immature. Same locality. Same history. 51. 5. 5. 14-16. Three skulls, with horns. South Africa. Pttr chased, 1851. 4. 5. 1. 80-82. Three skulls and skins, female. Sibudeui, Zululand ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented ly G. D. Rudd, Esq., 1904. 4. 5. 1. 83, 84. Two immature skulls and skins, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 4. S. 31. 8. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Same locality and collector. Same history. 8. 1. 1. 123, 124. Two skulls, with horns, and skins, one immature. Tambarara, Portuguese East Africa ; same col- lector. Same donor, 1908. 8. 1. 1. 124. Skull and skin. Same locality and collector. Sctme history. 72. 10. 21. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Eland's Port, South-east Africa ; collected by E. C. Atmore, Esq. Purchased, 1872. 8. 7. 19. 36. Skin. Chirinda Forest, Melsetter, Ehodesia. Presented hy G. F. M. Svjynnerton, Esq., 1908. 99. 6. 17. 1. Skull and skin, female. Gorongoza Hills, South-east Africa. Presented hy F. Barnehy, Esq., 1899. 5. 5. 7. 110. Two skulls, with horns, and skins — one CEPHALOPHIN^ 103 male and one female. Knysna, Cape Colony ; collected by :\Ir. C. H. B. Grant. Presented by 0. D. Rudd, Usq., 1905. 7. 6. 2. 106. Skull, with horns, and skin. Beira, Portuguese East Africa ; same collector. Same donor, 1907. XXVIII. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) NYAS^. Cephaloplius nyasse, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. ix, p. 58, 1902 ; Wroughton, Mem. Manchester Mus. vol. li, no. 5, p. 24, 1907 ; LydeJcJcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 164, 1908. Typical locality Mlanje, Nyasaland. Distinguished from C. monticola by the larger amount of rufous on the limbs and body, the much longer and narrower skull, and the elongated hoofs. Typically the back a darker brown than in monticola, with a stronger tinge of rufous ; shoulders, flanks, and thighs dull deep rufous ; under-parts greyish rufous ; limbs, except between inner and lateral hoofs, where they are brown, bright rich rufous ; rump dark chocolate-brown ; under side of tail still darker blackish brown ; forehead (as usual in the group) dark with rufous eyebrow-streaks ; backs of ears brown, with a small rufous patch near front of base ; a few white patches on under side of body between the fore and the hind legs. Basal length of skull 4^^ inches (115 mm.), maximum width 2| inches (56 mm.), length from orbit to muzzle 2|- inches (67 mm.). The two races are distinguished as follows : — A. A considerable red area on flanks and thighs, and legs strongly rufous C. n. nyasce. B. Bed area on body larger and legs more strongly rufous C. n. defriesi. A.— Cephalophus nyasae nyasae. Typical locality Mlanje. General characters those given above. 1.11.11.2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Mlanje, Nyasa- land; collected by Mr. H. Brown. Type. Purchased, 1901. 1. 11. 11. 3. Skin. Same locality and collector. Same history. 8. 10. 22. 2. Skin, mounted. Kalungwisi, Lake Mweru. Presented hy J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1908. 104 CATALOGUE Of UNGULATES 7. 1. 11. 81. Skull, with horns, and skin. Tetauki, Ehodesia ; collected by S. A. Neave, Esq. Purchased, 1907. 99. 6. 28. 17. Skull, with horns, and skin. Tanganyika Plateau. Presented ly Lieut.-Col. Manning, 1899. 9. 11. 25. 1. Skin. Zomba, N"yasaland. Presented hy Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1909. 12. 6. 26. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Blantyre, Nyasaland. Presented hy D. D. Lyell, Esq., ].912. B. — Cephalophus nyasse defriesi. Ceplialophus nyasae defriesi, BothscJiild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1904, voL i, p. 229. Typical locality Itambe, between Lakes Mweru and Tanganyika, nortliern Ehodesia. Type in Tring Museum. Differs from typical race by larger extent of red on flanks and thighs and more strongly rufous legs ; the greater amount of white on under-parts, the paler greyish brown of upper surface, and the broader and more rufous brow-streak. The type is very similar to the Mlanje specimen of nyasm nyasm. No specimen in collection. C. — Cephalophus nyasse cong-icus. Cephalophus nyasee congious, Lonnberg, ArJciv Zool. vol. iv, no. 16, p. 12, ]908; LydeJcher, Oame Animals of Africa, Suppl. p. 8, 1911. Typical locality Congo. Type in Stockholm Museum. Distinguished from typical race by the back being warm sepia, of nearly the same tint from nape to rump. Towards the flanks this shades off into light smoky grey, with a slight huffy tinge, due to the tips of the hairs being of that colour, while the under surface is white. On the hams the hairs are sufficiently rufous at the tips to communicate a tinge of this colour, although the rest of the hairs are of the same grey as the flanks. The rufous tinge of the hams is sharply defined from the dark sepia-brown of the rump, but CEPIIALOPITIN.K 105 whades into that of the back. The legs are rufous, with a smoky brown mark above the sides of hoofs ; face nearly black, with a dull rufous brown stripe ; tail black above and ^\■hite beneath. Xo specimen in collection. XXIX. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) HECKl. Cephalophus heoki, Matschie, Sitzber. Oes. nat. Freunde, 1897, p. 158 ; Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 165, 1908. Typical locality Mozambique. Type apparently in Berlin. Said to be distinguished from C. nyancc by having more, instead of less, white ou under-parts, as compared with monticola, by being apparently less rufous on body, and by lacking the usual dark markings on back of pasterns ; legs rufous, as in monfyicola ; hoofs smaller than in either that species or nyasce. 7. 6. 2. 106. Skin. Beira, Portuguese East Africa; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented by 0. D. Budd, Esq., 1907. XXX. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) SIMPSONl. Cephalophus simpsoni, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nal. Hist. ser. 8, vol. \, p. 92, 1910. Typical locality Lukenye Valley, South Central Congo. Smaller than nyasm, with a relatively short skull ; median dorsal area dark vandyke-brown for a breadth of about three inches, passing through burnt-umber into deep rufous on flanks and limbs ; under-parts paler rufous, with the median region whitish, and the bases of the hairs everywhere grey ; imder side of lower jaw whitish ; throat dull russet ; crown and top of muzzle dark brown ; eyebrow-streak and cheeks reddish ; a line on inner side of fore-legs and thighs white, limbs otherwise rufous. Basal length of skull 3yf inches (99 '5 mm.), maximum width 2-^ inches (51 '5 mm.), length of upper series of cheek-teeth 1-^^ inches (32 • 5 mm.). Its general reddish colour distinguishes this duiker from G. 106 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES melanorheus mquatorialis ; while the shortness of the skull serves to differentiate it from C. nyasm, which it closely resembles in external characters. 9. 12. VI. 13. Skull, with horns, and skin. Near Koli, Lukenye Valley, South Central Congo. Type. Presented hj E. Tordmj, Esq., 1909. 9.12.12.14. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history. XXXI. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) LUGENS. Cephaloplius lugens, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1898, p. 393, Tlioma» and Sclater, Book of Antelopes, vol. iv, p. 224, 1900 ; Lydeklrr, Game Animals of Africa, p. 165, 1908. Typical locality Urori, German East Africa. A meml)er of the Jiionticola-melcmoi'lieus group distin- guished by its large size and dark colour, as well as by the brown legs, which therefore differ from the red ones of moniicola and hecki. General colour dark umber-brown, with forehead and top of muzzle nearly black ; crest, which is unusually long, black ; sides of face brown, with a whitish line above eye ; backs of ears black on the front half ; neck Ijrown, like back, with hair of nape directed forwards ; back darkening almost to black on loins, but no lighter patch on outer side of hips adjacent to this dark area, as in melanorheus, and the hips themselves uniformly brown, as in monticola ; under-parts and inner sides of fore-legs pale mouse-colour ; chin, under surface of jaw, and groin whitish; limbs dark brown, like back. Basal length of skull of immature female 4^ inches (114 mm.), maximum width 2^ inches (62 "5 mm.). 98. 5. 25. 21. Skull and skin, female. Urori, Usangu, German East Africa. Type. Presented hy Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.G.M.G., C.B., 1898. 98. 5. 2.5. 22. Female foetus associated with the preceding. Same history. 99. 0. 29. 8. Imperfect skin. Same locality. Same donor, 1899. CEPIIALOPIIIN.E 107 3. Subgenus SYLVICAPRA. Sylvicapra, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 138 ; Pococl!, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 873. Inguinal glands present ; horns, which are usually wanting in female, directed upwards and backwards, so as to form an obtuse angle with the plane of the face ; ears relatively long and pointed. . XXXII. CEPHALOPHUS (SYLVICAPEA) GPJMMI. Capra grimmia, Linn. Sysf. Nat. ed. 10, vol. i, p. 70, 1758. Mosohus grimmia, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12, vol. i, p. 92, 1766. Antilope niotitans, Thimberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. 1811, p. 312. Cemas cana, OJien. Lehrbuch Natugesch. vol. iii, pt. 2, p. 743, 1816. Antilope mergens, Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. ed. 2, vol. ii, p. 193, 1816, Marnm. vol. ii, p. 463, 1822; DesmouUns, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 446, 1822 ; Biirchell, Travels S. Africa, vol. i, p. 187, 1822, List Quaclr. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 6, 1825 ; H. Smith, OriffitVs Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 264, vol. V, p. 346, 1827 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 378, 1827, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. x, p. 294, 1836, Nouv. Tahl. Begn. Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842 ; Lichtenstein, Darstellung Sdugethiere, pi. xi, 1828 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 467, 1829 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 84, 1832 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Verte- brates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868; Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 41, 1838; Oervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840 ; Wagner's, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 447, 1844, vol. v, p. 418, 1855 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 446, 1845 ; Qiebel, Sdugethiere, p. 320, 1855. Antilope (Cephaloplius) platous, H. Smith, Griffith's Aniinal Kingdom vol. iv, p. 260, vol. V, p. 344, 1827. Antilope (Cephaloplius) burchelli and ptoox, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, pp. 262 and 265, vol. v, pp. 345 and 347, 1827; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. x, pp. 293 and 294, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Begn. Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842. Cephalophus platous and ptoox, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Jotorn. vol. ii, pp. 214 and 215, 1834. Cephalophus burohelli, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 215, 1834; G^-ay, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 162, 1843, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 81, 1852; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1868, p. 625. Cephalophus mergens, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 215, 1834 ; Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. xv, fig. 2, 1840; Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 162, 1843, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 163, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 57, 1847 ; Turner, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 170 ; Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 194, 1853 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1868, p. 625 ; Schmidt, ibid, 1880, p. 307 ; Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 253, 1880 ; Selo^^s, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 763, A 108 CATALOGUE OF UNKULATES Hunter's Wanderings in 8. Africa, p. 223, 1881 ; Flower and Oarson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. B. Coll. Surg., pt. ii, p. 270, 1884 ; Mairet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 238, 1887 ; Noach, Zool. Jahrh., Sijst. vol. iv, p. 114, 1889 ; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 167, 1891. Antilope (Cephalophus) platyotus. Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. x, p. 298, 1836. Antilope burchelli. Given, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Verte- brates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868. Antilope (Grimmia) mergens, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 624, 1841. Tragelaphus mergens, Bilppell, Verzcichniss Mus. Senchenherg, pt. 1, p. 37, 1842. Antilope ptox and burchelli, Scliinz, Synojp. Mamm. vol. ii, pp. 417 and 420, 1845. Sylvicapra mergens, Sundevall, K. Svenslca Vet.-Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 190, 1846 ; Fitzinger, Sitzher. A-. Ale. Wiss. Wien,-v6l. lix, pt. i, p. 167, 1869. Cephalophus grimmia. Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 8, pis. i and ii, 1856, Cat. TJngulata Brit. Mus. p. 78, 1852 ; Oerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 237, 1862 ; Blytli, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, p. 167, 1863 ; BucUey, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, p. 283, 1877, p. 453 ; Lorenz, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, vol. ix, p. 60, 1894 ; O. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1899, p. 18. Sylvicapra mergens and caffra, Fitzinger, Sitzher. k. AJc. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 167, 1869. Grimmia nictitans, irrorata, and burchelli. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, pp. 589-592, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. pp. 22-24, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. pp. 92 and 93, 1873. Cephalophus grimmius, Bocage, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1878, p. 743. Grimmia mergens, Jentinh, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix), p. 132, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (op. cit. vol. xi) p. 161. 1892, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xv, p. 265, 1893. Cephalophus grimmi, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 428, 1893, p. 504; Ward, Becords of Big Game, p. 76, 1892, ed. 6, p. 160, 1910 ; Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 27, 1892; Lydehlter, Horns and Hoofs, p. 207, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Oarne Animals of Africa, p. 141, 1908; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 203, pi. xxiii, 1895 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 157, 1900 ; Warren, Ann. Natal Mies. vol. ii, p. 235, 1910. Sylvicapra grimmia, Matschie, Sdugethiere Deutsch-Ostafrilta, p. 117, 1895 ; Lonnberg, ArTiiv Zool. vol. v, no. 10, p. 2, 1909. Sylvicapra grimmi, Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 874 ; Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 9, 1912 ; Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mam. Mus. Madrid, p. 122, 1912. DUIKER-BOK. Type of Sylvicapra. Typical locality Cape Colony. Distinguished from all other members of the group except CEPHALOPHINJi 109 the next by the markedly obtuse angle formed by the relatively long and slender horns with the plane of the face, the longer and pointed ears, and the lighter and more slender build. Size medium to small, the shoulder-height ranging from 23 to 25 inches. General colour varying from pale greyish brown with a distinct blackish grizzle, owing to dark and light annulations on the hairs, through a yellowish phase, to uniformly bright ochery yellow. Horns generally absent in female. Inguinal glands present. The species is taken to include all but one of the duikers in which the horns form a marked angle with the plane of the face. Pocook,* while remarking that abyssinicus is very closely allied to the typical grimjni, considers that it is probably only a subspecies of coronatus, to which he refers campbellice as a second subspecies : f if these views be correct, there can be little hesitation in regarding all the local forms of these obliquely horned duikers as referable to a single species. In this extended sense the range of the species will include the greater part of the more open parts of Africa south of the northern tropic, these duikers being less addicted to thick covert than are the members of the other two sub- genera. The following is a provisional attempt to form a " key " to the local races of the species ; — a matter of great difficulty, owing to the slight differences on which many of them have been founded : — A. Ears long, as much as 4^ inches ; size large ; shoulder-height 23 to 25 inches. a. Forehead rufous. a'. General colour grey fawn ahove and below C. g. grinimi. v. General colour yellower (yellowish brown). a" . Short black tips to hairs ; tmder-parts dark O. g. flavescens. h" - Black tips larger ; under-parts white ... G. g. altifrons. h. Forehead with dark blaze, forming upward extension of nose-stripe C. g. splendidly his. B. Ears shorter, SJ inches or less in length. a. Pasterns yellow at sides ; size small, 17 or 18 inches at shoulder. a' . Coat nearly uniform yellow 0. g. coronatus. V . Coat heavily speckled with black C. g. ca/mphellici; . * Op. cit. p. 876. t mA. p. 873. 11-0 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES b. Pasterns wholly brown. a'. Forehead rufous. a". Size small, 18 inches at shoulder ; general colour yellowish grey C. g. abyssinicus. b". Size larger. a'. Colour darker than in last ; no yellow on rump C. g. nyansce. 6'. Colour yellower and more oohery, even on rump. a*. Back yellow C. g. hindei. 6*. Back broccoli-brown C. g. altivallis. b'. Forehead with a dark blaze, owing to extension of nose-mark upwards to horns. a". Size larger ; colour yellowish G. g. shiretisis. b" . Size smaller ; colour greyer C. g. roosevelti. A. — Cephalophus grimmi grimmi. Typical locality South Africa. Size large, shoulder-height from 23 to 25 inches ; leugtli of ear 4^, of hind-foot lOj inches. Ears longer than interval between inner canthus of eye and extremity of nose, with narrow, pointed tips ; general colour pale greyish brown (grey fawn), grizzled with black, owing to the yellowish and blackish brown annulation of the hairs ; face rufous, with a deep brown longitudinal patch on nose ; under-parts like back ; chin, inner sides of upper portion of limbs, and lower surface of tail white or whitish ; an indistinct liruwnish line down part of fore-legs near knees ; pasterns wholly brown ; more or less of upper side of tail black. Horns may attain a length of over 6 inches. Skull long and narrow, with the lachrymal depression of median length, and its superior border generally rounded ; muzzle long ; median palatine notch penetrating deeper than lateral ones. Basal length of skull 7j, maximum width 3|, length from orbit to muzzle 4;| inches. The range probably extends about to the Zambesi. 626, i. Skull, with horns. Zululand. Type of C. hur- chelli. Presented hy Dr. W. J. Burchell, about 1817. 46. 6. 1. 9. Skin, female. South Africa. Piircliased (Stevens), 1846. 46. 11. 18. 29. Skull, associated with the preceding. Same histori/. CEPIIALOrillN.'E 111 46. 6. 1. 8. Immature skin. South Africa. Samehistonj. 45. 11. 8. 6. Skull, with horns. South Africa. Purchased, 1845. 13, « (626, Jc). Skull, with horns, and skin. South Africa. iVo history. 626, q. Skeleton. Zoological Society. Purchased. 46. 6. 2. 81. Skull, female. Cape of Good Hope. From Stockholm Museum. Purchased, 1846. 46. 10. 26. 14. Skin, associated with the preceding. Same history. 46. 6. 2. 98. Skull, young female. Natal; collected by Herr J. Wahlberg. From Stockholm Museum. Purchased, 1846. Skull and skin, female. Tati Valley, Presented hy F. G. Selous, Esq., 1885. Skull and skin, immature female. Same Sar)ie history. Skull and skin, female. Lower Umvolosi i. Presented hy the Christiania Museimi, 1894. Skull, female. Fever Creek, De Kaap, Presented hy Dr. P. Rendall, 1894. Skull, female. Cape of Good Hope. Purchased, 1849. Skull, with horns, and skin. Near I'ort i collected by F. C. Selous, Esq. Purchased, 1882. Skin, mounted. Zululand. Presented hy Allan Cameron, Esq., 1906. 9. 3. 2. 21. Skull and skin, female. Zoutpansberg, Transvaal. Presented hy Dr. J. Jameson, 1909. 4. 5. 1. 85. Skull, with horns, and skin. Injusu, Zulu- land ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hy C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1904. 4. 9. 1. 109. Skull and skin, female. Zuurbron, Transvaal ; same collector. Same history. 6. 4. 3. 105-109. Five skulls and skins, four female. Woodbush, Transvaal ; same collector. Same donor, 1906. 5. 12. 9. 2-3. One skull and skins, female. Klein Letaba, N. E. Transvaal ; same collector. Same donor, 1905. 85. 6. 29. 3. Matabililand. 85. 6. 29.4. locality. 94.4. 3. 3. Valley, Z ululand 94. 1] L. 4. 3. Transvaal 49. 1. 30. 29. 82. 5. 25. 3. Elizabeth , Natal 6. 12. 12. 5. 112 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 4 12. 3. 94-98. Two male (fig. 11) and three female skuUs and skins. Umvolosi, Zululand ; same collector. Same donor, 1904. ^^T'C" Fig. 11. — Front and Side Views op Skull, and Horns of DuiKERBOK [CephalopkrLs grimmi). 6. 11. 8. 136-138. Three female skulls and skins, two immatvire. Cogimo, Inhambane ; same collector. Same donor, 1906. B.— Cephalophus grimmi flavescens. Cephalophus grimmia flavescens, Lorernt, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, vol. ix, p. 60, 1894. Cephalophus grimmi flavescens, LydeMcer, Oanie Animals of Africa, p. 143, 1908 ; Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. v, p. 274, 1910. Typical locality Matabililand, near the Victoria Falls of the Zambesi. Type in Vienna Museum. Differs from typical race by the more brownish yellow general colour ; the individual hairs of the back being but CEPHALOPHIN^ 113 slightly black at the tip, below which is a broad light ring. No specimen in the collection can be definitely referred to this race. C— Cephalophus grimmi altifrons. Antilope altifrons, Peters, Beise nach Mozambique, Sdugeth. p. 184, pi. xxxvii, 1852; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. v, p. 418, 1855. Antilope ocularis, Peters, op. cit. p. 186, 1852 ; Wagner, op. cit. p. 420, 1855. Cephalophiis altifrons, Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 194. 1853; Fitzinger, Sitzber. h. Ak. Wiss. ,Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869. Cephalophus ocularis, Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Ouine, p. 194, 1853 ; Kirk, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 656 ; Crawshay, ibid. 1890, p. 661 ; LydeTiher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 208, 1893. Sylvicapra ocularis, Fitzinger, Sitzber. Jc. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 168, 1869. Grimmia ocularis, JentinTc, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. [Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 132, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {op. cit. vol. xi) p. 161, 1892. Cephalophus grimmi altifrons, Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. v, p. 274, 1910 ; Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, Suppl. p. 7, 1911. Typical locality southern Mozambique. • Closely allied to typical race, but the coat yellowish with distinct black tips to the hairs, and the under-parts apparently white. 8. 2. 14. 16. Skin, young. Southern Eukuru, below Lake Nderendere, southern Angoniland. Presented by C. B. C. Storey, Esq., 1908. 8. 2. 14. 15. Skia. Mpelele, near Ngara, south Angoni- land. Same history. 8. 2. 14. 14. Skin. Eua Valley, below junction with Kusa Valley, south Angoniland. Same history. 7. 2. 4. 14. Skull, with horns, and skin. ISTyika Plateau, Northern Angoniland. Same donor, 1907. 7. 6. 2. 107-8. Two skulls, with horns, and skins, immature. Beira, Portuguese E. Africa ; collected by Mr. 0. H. B. Grant. Presented by 0. D. Biodd, Esq., 1907. 8.4.3.90. Skull, with horns, and skin. Tette, Zambesia ; same collector. Sojne history. II. I 114 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES D.— Cephalophus g-rimmi splendidulus. Grimmia splendidula, Oray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 590, Oat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 22, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 92, 3873. Cephalophus grimmi splendidulus, Wroughto7i, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. v, p. 274, 1910 ; Lydekher, Game Animals of Africa, Supyl. p. 7, 1911. Typical locality Angola. General colour bright reddish grey, dark streak on nose extending upwards to base of horns ; under-parts white. 50. 7. 4. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. St. Paul de Loanda. Type. Presented hij E. Gabriel, Esq. {H.B.U. Consul), 1850. 5. 5. 9. 83. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bingondo Bihe, Angola ; collected by Dr. W. J. Ansorge. Purchased, 1905. E.— Cephalophus grimmi eoponatus. Antilope grimmia, Pallas, Misc. Zool. p. 12, 1766, Spicil. Zool. faso. i, p. 15, 1767, xii, p. 18, 1776; Milller, Natursyst., Suppl. ^. 53, 1776 ; Erxlehen, Syst. Regn. Anim.. p. 276, 1777 ; Zimmermann, Spec. Zool. Oeogr. p. 540, 1777, Geogr. Geschichte, p. Ill, 1780 ; Gatterer, Brev. Zool. vol. i, p. 80, 1780 ; Hermann, Tabl. Affin. Anim. p. 107, 1783 ; Boddaert, ElencJius Anim. p. 140, 1785 ; Gmelin, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 191, 1785 ; Schreher, Sdug- thiere, pi. oclx, 1785 ; Kerr, Linn.'s Anim. Kingdom, p. 318, 1798 ; Donndorff, Zool. Beytrdge, vol. i, p. 641, 1792 ; Link, Beytrdge Naturgesch. vol. ii, p. 99, 1795 ; Bechstein, UehersicJit vierfiiss. Thiers, vol. ii, p. 642, 1800; Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 334, 1801; Turton, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 115, 1802; Desmarest, Nouv. Did. Hist. Nat. vol. x, p. 158, 1803, vol. xxiv, p. 31, 1804 ; Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 240, 1804 ; IlUger, Prodromus Syst. Nat. p. 106, 1811 ; G. Fischer, Zoognosia, vol. iii, p. 424, 1814 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 220, 1815 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1230, 1818; Schinz, Cuvier's Thierreich, vol. i, p. 393, 1821; Oiocn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868; Forster, Descrip. Anim. p. 384, 1844; nee Capra grimmia Linn. Antilope (Gazella) grimmia, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 177, 1814. Cerophorus (Cervicapra) grimmia, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75. Cephalophus grimmia, Jardine, Naturalist's Libr., Mamm. vol. vii, p. 237, pi. xxii, 1842. Cephalophus ooronatus, Gi-ay,Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. x, p. 266, CEPHALOPHIN.'E 115 1842, vol. xviii, p. 164, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 57, 1847, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 9, pi. vi, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 122, 1871, p. 599, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 82, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 28, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 96, 1873 ; Teinminclt, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 236, 1853 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamvi. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 427 ; LydeTcker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 212, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 144, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, BooJc of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 195, pi. xxii, fig. 2, 1895 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 891, 1907. Sylvicapra ooronata, Sundevall, K. SvensTca Vet.-ATc. Handl. 1844, p. 191, 1844 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 168, 1869 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 873. Antilope (Cephalophus) coronatus, Wagner, Schreher's Saugthiere, Swppl. vol. iv, p. 421, 1852. Sylvicapra grimmia, Fitzinger, Sitzher. It. Ak. Wiss. vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 168, 1869. Grimmia grimmia, Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays- Bas, vol. ix) p. 138, 1887. Typical locality Gambia. Size smaller and ears relatively shorter than in typical race, the shoulder-height being about 17 or 18 inches; general colour light and the length of the ear about 3 inches, or less than interval between eye and tip of nose ; general colour orange-yellow, wdth very faint speckling (grizzling), but a small dark brown nose-streak, and front and back (but not sides) of pasterns also brown, as is like- wise the tail-tuft. Lachrymal depression in skull of medium depth; middle palatine notch extending considerably in advance of lateral pair. Although some of the hairs have black tips, the speckling is practically unnoticeable at a short distance. 46. 10. 26. 22.) Skull, with horns, and skin. Gambia; 45. 10. 4. 3. j collected by Mr. J. Whitfield. Type. Presented hij the Earl of Derhy, 1845-6. 46. 10. 26. 23. Skull and skin, immature female. Same locality and collector. Same donor, 1846. 46. 10. 26. 21. Skull and skin, female. Knowsley Menagerie. Same history. 46. 11. 2. 5. Immature skull, female. Knowsley Menagerie. Same history. 46. 11. 2. 24. Skeleton. Gambia; collected by Mr. Whitfield. Same history. I 2 116 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 11. 6. 10. 103. Skull, with horns, and skin. Upper Gambia. Presented hy G. Femvick Owen, Esq., 1911. 11. 6. 10. 104. Skull, with horns. Same locality. SajTie history. 99. 7. 7. 2-5. Four skulls, three female. Borgu, Nigeria. Presented hy Capi. G. F. II. Abadie, 1899. 10. 2. 17. 2. Skin, scalp separate. Beckel district. Senegal. Presented by Capt. H. S. Topinn, 1910. 10. 2. 17. 1. Skull, female. Gambia. Same history. 6. 8. 13. 1. Skin, immature. Gambia. Presented by Capt. W. B. Stanley, 1906. 11. 1. 25. 1, Skin, mounted, and skull. Senegambia. Presented by Major M. MeNeill, 1911. 5. 12. 10. 3. Skull, female. Lagos. Presented by W. A. Moss, Esq., 1905. 13. 8. 5. 1. Body-skin, female. Gold Coast. Presented by Capt. C. H. Armitage, 1913. F.— Cephalophus grimmi eampbelliae. Cephalophus oampbelliae, Oray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 162, 1843, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 164, 1846, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 9, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 121, Cat. TJngulata Brit. Miis. p. 80, 1852 ; TemmincJc, Esguiss. Zool. Oidne, p. 194, 1853; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Miis. p. 237, 1862. Antilope (Cepbalolophus) campbellise, Wagner, Schreber's Sdug- thiere, Suppl. vol. v, p. 419, 1855. Sylvicapra campbellise, Fitzinger, Sitsher. Jc. ATc. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 169, 1869. Grimmia campbelliffi, Oray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 589, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 23, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 92, 1873. Cephalophus grimmi oampbelliae, Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 143, 1908. Sylvioapra coronata oampbellife, Fococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 873, Field, vol. oxxi, p. 1007, 1913. Typical locality probably Sierra Leone. The race has been recorded from Sokoto, Yoruba, and other parts of Nigeria. Differs from eoronatus by the much more profuse dark speckling of the coat, which communicates a general dusky tinge. 47, a. Immature skin. Sierra Leone (?) ; collected by A. G. Campbell, Esq. Type. Purchased about 1843. CEPHALOPIIIN^ 117 G.— Cephalophus grimmi abyssinicus, Antilope madoqua, Biippdl, Neue Wirhelth. Abyss., Sdugethiere, p. 22, pi. vii, fig. 2, 1830 ; Schinz, Synop. Maimn. vol. ii, p. 423, 1845 ; Wagner, Schreber's SdugtJiiere, Suppl. vol. v, p. 422, 1855. Tragelaphus madoqua, Biippell, Verzeichniss Mus. Sencienberg. p. 37, 1842. Sylvioapra madoqua, Sundevall, K. SvensTca Vet. -Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 190, 1846, Fitzinger. Sitzher. Jc. ATc. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 168, 1869 ; O. Neumann, Sitzber. Oes. nat. Freunde, 1900, p. 559. Cephalophus madoqua. Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 9, 1850, Proc. Zool. 8oc. 1850, p. 122, 1871, p. 598, Cat. XJngulata Brit. Mus. p. 82, 1852 ; Temniinch, Esguiss. Zool. Ouine, p. 194, 1853 ; - Blanford, Zool. Abyssinia, p. 267, 1870 ; Heuglin, Beise Nord- Ostafrika, vol. ii, p. 108, 1877, W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamin. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 168,- 1891; Bothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 461, 1902. Grimmia madoqua, Q-ray, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 24, 1872. Cephalophus ahyssinious, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 427 ; Lydehher, Sorns and Hoofs, p. 209, 1893 ; Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899 ; Sclater and Thomas, Boole of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 199, pi. xxii, fig. 1, 1895 ; Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. v, p. 274, 1910. Cephalophus grimmi abyssinicus, Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 143, 1908; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6. p. 162, 1910. Sylvicapra abyssinioa, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 89; PococJc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 876; Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mam. Mus. Madrid, p. 122, 1912. Typical locality Abyssinia. As already mentioned, Pocock (loc. eit.) is disposed to regard ctbyssiiiicus as not more than subspecifically from coronatus, leaving open the question whether the former — and therefore also the latter — should be classed as a race of grimmi. Closely allied to the last ; the height being 18 inches at the shoulder, the length of the ear 5J, and that of the hind-foot 8| inches. General colour speckled (or grizzled) yellowish grey, with the face rufous, a brown nasal mark, and the pasterns wholly dark brown. The range extends south to the Bahr-el-Ghazal and Tana Valley. 71. 11. 29. 6. Skin mounted, and skull. Abyssinia. Purchased, 1871. 99. 12. 23. 2. Skull, with horns. Tana Valley, Juba- land. Presented ly H. de Free, Esq., 1899. 118 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 97. 1. 5. 3. Skin. Abyssinia ; from Sir Victor Brooke's collection. Presented hy Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897. 6. 11. 1. 55. Skull, with horns. Wochacha, North- east Africa ; collected by Mr. P. Zaphiro. Presented hy W. N. McMillan, Esq., 1906. 6. 3. 27. 31. Skin, female. .Haldayar. Presented by the Lord Delamere, 1906. 4. 5. 9. 30. Skull and skin. Fafan, Somaliland. Presented hy Major H. N. Dunn, 1904. 7. 10. 2. 15. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bir-el-Girud, Bahr-el-Ghazal. Presented hy G. Blaine, Esq., 1907. 11. 5. 28. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. South-west of Shambe, Bahr-el-Ghazal. Presented hy F. G. Selous, Esq., 1911. 8. 4. 2. 51. Skull, with horns, and skin. Ghak-chak, Bahr-el-Ghazal. Presented hy A. L. Butler, Esq., 1908. 8. 4. 2. 52. Skin. Chak-chak. Same history. 2. 8. 16. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Gallabat, Sudan. Same donor, 1902. 1. 5. 4, 8. Skull, with horns, and skin. Near cataracts. Upper Congo Valley ; collected by Capt. Weyns. Presented hy the Congo Free State Museum, 1901. 7. 7. 8. 226-7. Three skulls, with horns ; two immature. Shari A^alley. Presented hy the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907. H.— Cephalophus g-rimmi nyansse. Sylvicapra abyssinioa nyansse, 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Qes. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 89. Cephalophus grimmi nyans^, Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 143, 1908. Typical locality Kavirondo district. Type probably in describer's collection. Stated by its describer to differ from abyssinicus merely by its darker colour, but apparently also larger. 10. 2. 13. 1. Skull and skin, female. Guasin-gishu, British East Africa. Presented by Major Horshrugh, 1910. 10. 2. 14. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Guasin-gishu. Presented hy F. C. Seloits, Esq., 1910. CEPHALOPHIN^ 119 1. 8, 9. 127. Skull, female. Entebbe, Uganda Presented hij Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901. 90. 3. 27. 7. Yonng, in spirit. Taita Mountains, B. E. Africa; collected by Mr. J. Wray. Purchased, 1890. I.— Cephalophus g-rimmi hindei. Cephalophus abyssinicus hindei, Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. V, p. 273, 1910 ; Lonnberg, K. Svensha Vet.-AJc. Handl. vol. xlviii, art. 5, p. 153, 1912. Cephalophus grimmi hiadei, Lydek'ker, Game Animals of Africa, Suppl. p. 7, 1911. Typical locality Fort Hall, British East Africa. Of the approximate size of G. g. nyansce, but more brightly coloured. General colour tawny ochre, bright on neck and shoulders, duller on back and loins, but the yellow tinge noticeable even on rump, where it is wanting in nya7isce ; haii's of neck drab-grey, with ochery tips, but further back the ochery tip is converted into a ring below the black tip ; chin and inner surfaces of upper part of limbs whitish ; throat ochery buff, with the hairs uniformly coloured through- out, but on flanks hairs coloured like those of back, although with the base drab. Maximum length of skull 6^ inches (160 mm.), maximum breadth 3 inches (76 mm.) ; length of upper rows of cheek-teeth 2 j^ inches (52 mm.). 4.12.6.11. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Fort Hall, Kenia district, British East Africa. Type. Presented hy S. Z. Hinde, Esq., 1904. 99. 3. 4. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Negong, Masai- land. Same donor, 1899. 3. 5. 25. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Nyiri, Kenia district. Same donor, 1903. 3. 5. 25. 3. Skull, female. Same locality. Same history. 3. 11. 1. 8. Skin, female. Same locality (6,000 ft.). Same history. 1.8.9.66. Skull, with horns, and skin. Eavine Station, British East Africa. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.G.B., 1901. 10. 2. 14. 2. Skull, with horns. Eaime, British East Africa. Presented hy F. C. Selous, Esq. 120 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 4. 11. 5. 18-22. Five skulls, one female. Nyiri. Presented hy Capt. R. Meinertzhagen, 1904. 89. 8. 3. 7. Skull, imperfect, with horns, and skin. Near Kilimanjaro. Prese7ited by H. C. V. Hunter, Esq., 1889. J.— Cephalophus grimmi altivallis. Sylvicapra grimmi altivallis, Seller, Smitlison. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, No. 8, p. 10, 1912. Typical locality Aberdare Mountains, British East Africa. Stated to differ from hindei by a slight superiority in size and the darker colour of the back, which is more heavily speckled with black and less rufous ; coat heavier ; colour of dorsal hair broccoli-brown, and thus darker than in hindei ; hair of under-parts drab, instead of white, at base ; hoofs larger. ISTo example in collection. K. — Cephalophus g'rimmi shirensis. Cephalophus abyssinicus shirensis, Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. v, p. 274, 1910. Cephalophus grimmi shirensis, LydekJcer, Game Animals of Africa, Suppl. p. 7, 1911. Typical locality Zomba, Nyasaland. Approximately of the same size as hindei, but distinguished by the brighter ochery coat, of which the general colour is ochery buff; hairs drab at base, those of the neck being ochery buff to the tips, those of the back with short black tips ; under-parts white, more distinctly so than in hindei ; dark nose-mark prolonged to base of horns. Typically the speckling of the back with black so inconspicuous as to make the coat appear uniformly coloured at a short distance. This, however, is not the case with No. 96. 4. 24. 1, in which the dorsal speckling is conspicuous, while the fronts of both fore and hind legs are more heavily marked with dark brown than is the case in the type specimen. 94. 6. 7. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin. Zomba, Nyasa- land (B. C. Africa). Type. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.G.B., 1894. 93. 5. 6. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality ; collected by A. White, Esq. Same donor, 1893. CEPIIALOPIIINiE 121 94. o. 7. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. Shirwa, Nyasa- land ; same collector. Same donor, 1894. 7. 2. 23. 1. Skin. Near Fort Nilangeni, ISTyasaland. Presented hj J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1907. 05. 7. 22. 3-4. Two skulls, with horns. Zomba. Presented Inj Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.G.M.G., C.B., 1895. 1. 6. 26. 8. Skull, with horns. Polombe Valley, Nyasa- land ; collected by Mr. G-. C. S. Eay. Presented hy Liezit.-Col. Manning, 1901. 99. 6. 28. 18-21. Four skulls, with horns and scalp-skin. 86. 3. 6. 1. Skull and skin, immature female. Gonda, east of Tanganyika ; collected by Herr E. Bohm. Purehased, 1886. 96. 4. 24. 1. Skin, mounted. Nyasaland. Presented bi/ B. Graioshay, Esq., 1896. 92. 8. 1. 66. Head, mounted. Zomba. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., ICG.B., 1892. L.— Cephalophus grimmi roosevelti. Sylvicapra grimmi roosevelti, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix. no. 8, p. 9, 1912. Typical locality Lado Enclave. Stated to be smaller and more lightly coloured than any of the other races ; general colour greyish rather than yellowish, and dark areas of lower part of limbs broccoli- brown instead of blackish ; dark stripe on front of fore-legs imperfectly indicated ; nose-stripe extending to base of horns ; under-parts white. No example in collection. XXXIII. CEPHALOPHUS (SYLVICAPEA) LEUCOPEOSOEUS. Cephalophus leuooprosopus, 0. Neumann, Situher. Ges. nat. Freundc, 1899, p. 18, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. iv, p. 225, 1900 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Sac. 1906, p. 464 ; LydeTclcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 160, 1908. Sylvicapra leucoprosopus, Neumann, loc. cit. Typical locality believed to be Angola. Type in Berlin Museum. 122 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Imperfectly known; stated to be smaller than C. g. eoronatus, with a rufous forehead, and white throat, under- parts, and inner sides of limbs ; general colour brown , darker on back ; legs black ; tail black above, white below ; rings round eyes, spot at base of ear, and insides of ears white. This species was described from two living specimens in the Berlin Zoological Gardens, reputed to come from Angola. It has been contrasted by Thomas with walkeri, from which it differs by the rufous forehead and white under-parts. No specimen in collection. Subfamily vii.— OREOTRAGINiE. The single genus (and species) of small antelopes forming this group was included by Sclater and Thomas in the Ncotragincr , but is regarded as the type of a separate sub- family by Pocock on account of differences in foot-structure.* Tail a mere broad stumj). Muzzle with a large bare mufHe and small nostrils. Face-glands normal, approxi- mated to eyes ; no foot-glands ; web of pasterns not folded back on itself to form posterior wall of an interdigital cleft, but area between hoofs covered (as in Neotragince) with long hairs i'rom the front of pastern to the back, so that there is merely a small bare patch at summit of web ; hoofs trun- cated at tips, with their basal portion raised high above the ground in walking; inguinal glands not definitely known. Teats two. Lateral hoofs present. Horns, in the form of short spikes, generally absent in females ; skull, which is very broad, with large lachrymal depressions, and small lachrymal vacuities ; frontals not prolonged backwards between parietals, and horns placed above hind rims of orbits. Upper molars of medium width, without internal accessory columns. The distributional area includes tlie mountainous tracts of the greater part of Ethiopian Africa. * mitimeyer, Abh. schweix. pal. Oes. vol. iv, p. 52, 1872, had previously used the term " Oreotragus Gruppe " for the Oreotragince + Neotragince. OREOTEAGIN^ 123 Genus OREOTRAGUS. Oreotragus, A. Smiih, 8. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 212, 1834 ; Biltimeyer, Abh. schweiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 52, 1877 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 3, 1895 ; Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 885. Ontragus, Ologer, Naturgeschichfe, vol. i, p. 154, 1841. General characters those of the subfamily. Coat consisting of thick pithy hairs, quite different in character from those of any other African antelopes ; ears of moderate size and rounded ; head triangular and pointed. Distributiou co-extensive with that of subfamily. OEEOTEAGUS OEEOTRAGUS. Antilope oreotragus, Zimmermann, Geogr. GeschicJite, vol. iii, p. 269, 1783 ; Schreber, Sdugthiere, pi. cclix, 1785 ; Gmelin, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 189, 1788 ; Eei-r, Linn.'s Anim. Kingdom, p. 316, 1792; Donndorff, Zool. Beytrdge, vol. i, p. 637, 1792; Linl; Beytrdge Natgesch. vol. ii, p. 99, 1795 ; Bechstein, TJebersicht vierfiiss. Thiere, vol. i, p. 74, 1799, vol. ii, p. 642, 1800 ; Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 321, 1801 ; Turton, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 114, 1802; Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. xvi, p. 828, 1803, ed. 2, vol. ii, p. 191, 1816, Ma^nmalogie, vol. ii, p. 460, 1822, Bict. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 445, 1822 ; Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 233, 1804 ; Tiedemann, Zool. vol. i, p. 408, 1808 ; Thunberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. vol. iii, p. 311, 1801 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 219, 1815 ; Goldfuss. Sahreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. v, p. 1228, 1818 ; Schinz, Cuvier's Theirreich, vol. i, p. 892, 1821, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 410, 1845 ; Burchell, List Ma/>nm. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 6, 1825 ; Lichtenstein, Darstellung. Sdugethiere, pi. xv, 1828 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 466, 1829 ; Biippell, Neue Wirbelth. Abyssin., Mamm. p. 25, 1835 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 291, 1836; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Verte- brates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 42, 1838 ; Oken, Allgemeine Naturgeschichte, vol. vii, p. 1363, 1838; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840 ; Forster, Descript. Anim. p. 382, 1844 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 436, 1844, vol. v, p. 412, 1855 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 318, 1855. Antilope saltatrix, Boddaert, Elenchus Anim. p. 141, 1785 ; Link, Beytrdge Naturgesch. vol. ii, p. 99, 1795 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm,. p. 377, 1827; Nouv. Tabl. Begn. Anim., Mamm. p. 177,1842; Des Murs and Prevost, Lefebvres Voyage Abyss, vol. vi, Zool. p. 32, pi. iv, 1827 ; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 283, 1887. Antilope klippspringer, Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. xii, p. 390, vol. xxiv, p. 32, 1804. 1^4 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Antilope (Grazella) oreotragus, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 175, 1814. Cemas oreotragus, Oken, Lehrbuch NaturgesoMchte, vol. iii, pt. 2, p. 743, 1816. Cerophorus (Cervicapra) oreotragus, Blainvillc. Bull. Soc. Philoin. 1816, p. 75. Antilope (Tragulus) oreotragus, H. Smith, OriffUh's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 245, vol. V, p. 340, 1827 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 79, 1882. Oreotragus typicus, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 212, 1834. Antilope (Ourebia) oreotragus, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 622, 1841. Tragelaphus oreotragus, Biippell, Verzeichniss Mus. ScncTcenherg. pt. 1, p. 37, 1842. Oreotragus saltatrix, Jar dine, Naturalists' Lihr., Mamm. vol. vii, p. 221, pi. XXX, 1842 ; Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 236, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 137, 1851, Knorusley Menagerie, p. 8, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 119, Cat. XJngulata Brit. Mus. p. 74, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 20, 1872, Hand- List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 90, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Bi-it. Mus. p. 235, 1862, Blyth, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, p. 167, 1863, Heuglin, Nova Acta Ac. Cces. Leop. — Car. vol. XXX, pt. 2, p. 9, 1863, Beise Nordost AfriJca, vol. ii, p. 104, 1877 ; Fitsinger, Sitzbcr. Jt-. Ah. Wiss Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 170, 1869; Blanford, Zool. Abyssinia, p. 265, 1870; Dru?nmond, Large Game, of South Africa, pp. 396 and 425, 1875 ; Biitimeyer, Abh. schweiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 53, 1877 ; Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 262, 1880 ; GiglioU, Ann. Mus. Genova, ser. 2, vol. vi, p. 18, 1888 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 300, 1889. Calotragus saltatrix, TemmincTc, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1853. Oalotragus oreotragus, Eilppell, op>. cit. 1855. Antilope saltatrixoides, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. V, p. 412, 1855. Oreotragus saltator, Kirh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 657 ; Craivshay, ibid, 1890, p. 653 ; Thomas, ibid. 1891, p. 211, 1892, p. 553, 1894, p. 145 ; Swayne, ibid. 1892, p. 308 ; Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 26, 1892 ; Bendall, Proc. Zool, Soc. 1895, p. 361 ; Sclater and Thomas, BooTc of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 5, pi. XXV, 1895 ; Lydelcker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 234, 1899 ; Game Animals of Africa, p. 166, 1908 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna of S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 167, 1900; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 188, 1910; Letcher, Big Game N.E. Rhodesia, p. 188, 1911. Nanotragus oreotragus, Brooke, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 642 ; Buckley, ibid. 1876, p. 283 ; Selous, ibid, 1881, p. 762, A Hunter's Wanderings in 8. Africa, p. 222, 1881 ; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mam-m. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 167, 1891 ; Flower and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 329, 1891, Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 219, 1893. Oreotragus oreotragus, Jentink, Cat. Osieol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays- Bas,Yo\. ix)p. 131, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {ibid. vol. xi) OEEOTEAGINaC 125 p. 160, 1892; 0. Nmmann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1900, p. 559 ; Matschie, Sdugetliiere Deutsch - OstafriJca, p. 122, 1895 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1900, p. 803 ; Bothschihl, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Ahyssinia, p. 466, 1902 ; Anderson and de Winton, Zool. Egypt, Mamm. p. 338, pi. lix, 1902 ; Thomas and Schwann, Proo. Zool. Soc. 1904, vol. i, p. 183 ; Pococh, ibid. 1910, p. 885. Klipspeingbr. Type of genus and of Oritragus. Typical locality Cape Colony. Height at shoulder ranging from about 20 to 22 inches ; general colour speckled yellow and black, giving an olive tone to the whole coat, except where the orange-yellow is specially prevalent ; coat wavy, close-lying, and thick so as to form a kind of cushion-like covering ; the individual hairs white to pale grey at base, yellow at tip, and brown in the intermediate portion ; under-parts, inclusive of chin, and inner sides of limbs paler than back, frequently white ; limbs coloured like body. Basal length of skull 4|- inches, maximum width 3^, length from muzzle to orbit 2| inches. Distribution the same as that of the genus. Includes Angola and Northern jSTigeria on the west coast. The local races may be distinguished as follows : — A. Females normally hornless. a. "Under-parts coloured like back but paler; no black patch above front of hoofs or white spot on outer side of ears 0. o. oreotragus. b. Under-parts white ; a black patch above front of hoofs and a white spot on outer side of ears. a' . Body uniformly coloured throughout. a". Base of hairs, especially on back, white or whitish. a'". Colour darker, limbs not markedly lighter than body, crown of head coloured much like body 0. u. saltatrixoides. V" . Colour lighter (golden yellow), legs much paler than body ; crown of head different in colour from body 0. o. axireus. b". Base of hairs, especially on back, reddish grey or reddish brown 0. o. sonialicus. V . Fore and hind halves of body differently coloured ; the former reddish or yellow- ish ochery, the latter olive (roe-colour) 0. o. aceratos. c. Imperfectly known ; skull relatively broad... O. o.porteousi. B. Females frequently horned 0. o. schillivgsi. 126 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES A.— Opeotragus oreotragrus oreotpag"us. Oreotragus oreotragus, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Oes. nat. Freunde, 1902, p. 170. Oreotragus saltator tvpicus, LydekJtcr, Game Animals of Africa, p. 167, 1908. Typical locality Cape Colony. General colour uniform brownisli olive, with the unilor- parts only slightly paler than back ; base of hairs on back brownish white, tips frequently yellow ; no distinct black patch on front of feet above hoofs ; ears, which are relativel)- short, mingled lilack and yellowish, with a reddish white band below and a black one above, and an indistinct yellowish spot on the outer side, inside white ; forehead and occiput reddish brown ; chin and throat light yellowish. The northern limit of the range is not definitely known, but probably does not extend beyond the Zambesi. 51. 6. 4. 1. Skull, with horns. Cape Colony; collected by Yerreaux. Purchased, 1851. 96. 2. 27. 1. Skin, mounted, female. Ehenosterberg, Middelljerg, Cape Colony. Fresentcd hi/ IT. Laiiiij Gordon, Esq., 1896. 4. 2. 3. 122. Skull, with horns, and skin. Klipfontein, Namaqualand ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hj G. D. Rudd, Esq., 1904. B.— Oreotragus oreotragus saltatrixoides. Calotragus saltatrixoides, TeminincJc, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1853 ; Bilppell, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Supxjl- vol. v, p. 414, 1855. Oreotragus saltatrixoides, Fitzinger, Sitzber. Ji. Ale. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 170, 1869; O. Neumann, Sitzber. Oes. nat. Freunde, 1902, p. 171. Oreotragus saltator saltatrixoides, LydekJicr, Game Animals of Africa, p. 167, 1908. Typical locality Abyssinia. General colour uniform greyish olive above, with white or whitish bases to the hairs, especially on back ; thighs only a little lighter than back ; under-parts white ; a white spot on outer side of ear ; and a black patch on front of feet above hoofs. OEEOTKAGIN/E 127 The distributional area comprises the mountainous districts of north-eastern Africa, exclusive of Somaliland ; also Abyssinia, from Erythrtea to the Hawash Valley, and thence eastward to Harar; while it may also include the country between the Hawash Valley and Lake Eudolf. 73. 2. 24. 15. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bogosland, Abyssinia. PurcJiascd, 1873. 73. 2. 24. 14. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 73. 2. 24. 21. Skull, with horns. Same locality. Same liistorij. 44. 5. 14. 37. Skull, with horns, and skin. Abyssinia. Purchased, 1847. C— Oreotragus oreotragus aureus. Oreotragus oreotragus aureus. Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 13, p. 7, 1913. Typical locality Mt. Lololohwi, north of Guaso-nyiro, B. E. Africa. Type in U. S. National Museum. Provisionally recognised as a race, diagnosed as follows : — General colour golden yellow, lighter than in saltatrixoides ; limbs much paler than body ; hoof-spot large ; crown of head rufous, in marked contrast to body-colour. 13. 10 9. 1-3. Three skulls and skins, female, Guaso- narok, northern Guaso-nyiro. The difference in colour between the body and legs is very slight, but the rufous crown is well-marked. Presented hij F. Ptissell Roberts, Esq., 1913. D.— Oreotragus oreotragus schillingsi. Oreotragus schillingsi, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freimde, 1902, p. 172; JRoosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910. Oreotragus saltator schillingsi, Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 167, 1908, 8u2>pl. p. 9, 1911. Oreotragus oreotragus schillingsi, Hollister, Smithson. Misc. Collect. vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 3, 1910. Typical locality northern German East Africa. Type apparently in the collection of Mr. C. G. Schillings. 128 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES In general characters very similar to saltatrixoides, but distinguished by the thighs, which are clear grey or rufous, differing markedly in colour from the body, and the dark middle line of the back, as well as by the very general presence of horns in the female ; the last character distinguishing this race from all the others. The range includes all the district round Kilimanjaro, and the neighbourhood of the Amara Eiver, British East Africa, about a dozen miles from the German border, and thence to Laikipia and Uganda. 5. 4. 3. 29. Skull and skin, female. South-western Ankoli, Uganda ; collected by Mr. W. G. Doggett. Presented hy Lieut.-Col. C. Delme-Badcliffe, 1905. ;j. 4. 3. 30. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 5. 4. 3. 31. Skeleton. Same locality. Same history. 3. 11. 7. 19. Skull (imperfect) and skin, immature. Bulima, Uganda. Same donor, 1903. 8. 3. 14. 2. Skin. Laikipia, British East Africa. Presented hy Gapt. the Hon. H. C. Guest, 1908. 11. 3. 12. 1. Head, mounted, and body-skin, female. Amara Valley, southern Guaso-nyiro, Britifsh East Africa. Presented hy Gapt. W H. Wilkin, 1911. 10. 3. 17. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Laretai Plains, British East Africa. Presented hy Licut.-Gol. Stevenson Glarhe, 1910. 10. 3. 17. 3. Skin. Same locality. Same history. 10. 3. 17. 4. Skull, with horns. Honeybird Valley, fifty miles south-west of Kijabe, British East Africa. Same history. E.-^Oreotragus oreotragus somalieus. Oreotragus somalieus, 0. Neiomann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1902, p. 174 ; DraJce-BrocTcman, Mammals of Somali, p. 63, 1910. Oreotragus saltator somalieus, LydeMcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 167, 1908. Typical locality Somaliland. Differs from two preceding races by the bases of the hairs, especially on the back, being reddish grey or reddish brown ; females hornless. OREOTKAGINiE 129 The coloured plate in the Book of Antelopes represents this race. 94r. 2. 21. 21. Skull, with horns. Somaliland ; collected hy Col. H. G. C. Swayne. Presented by Br. P L. Sdater, 1894. 98. 3. 12. 1. Skull and skin, female. Golis Eange, Somaliland. Type. Presented by F. B. Parkinson, Esq., 1898. Fig. 12.— Pbont and Side Views of Skull op Somali Klipspkikgee (Oreotragus oreotragzis somalicus). 10. 10. 3. 46. Skin, female. Same locality. Presented by Dr. B. U. Drake-Brockman, 1910. 10. 10. 3. 45. Skin. Shanahalsh, Golis Eange. Same history. 6. 11. 1. 57. Skull, with horns (fig. 12), and skin. Managaiki Hills, North-eastern Africa ; collected by Mr. Zaphiro. Presented by W. N. McMillan, Esq., 1906. 12. 7. 10. 7. Skin. Debrowein, Somaliland. Presented by G. Blaine, Esq., 1912. II. 130 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES F. — Opeotragus oreotrag-us aceratos. Oreotragus aoeratos, NoacJc, Zool. Ann. 1899, p. 11 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Frcunde, 1902, p. 173. Oreotragus saltator aceratos, LydeMcer, Qaine Animals of Africa, p. 167, 1908. Typical locality Lindi Hinterland, East Africa. Distinguished from all the other races by the reddish or ochery colour of the fore-qiiarters ; the hind-quarters alone being olive (roe-colour). The range includes Xyasaland, Southern Angoniland, and North-eastern Ehodesia. 92. 8. 1. 63. Skull, with horns, and skin. Zomba, Nyasaland (B. C. Africa) ; collected by A. Whyte, Esq. Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G.,K.G.B., 1892. 94. 1. 25. 21. Skin, mounted, and skuU. Fort Lister, Nyasaland. Same donor, 1894. 96. 10. 26. 23. Skin, immature. Southern Angoniland. Presented hy Sir Alfred Shcujie, K.C.M.G., G.B., 1896. 95. 2. 2. 1*7. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Mlange, Nyasaland. Same donor, 1895. 2. 8. 12. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Muchinga Mountains, North-eastern Ehodesia, Presented ly F. H. Melland, JEsq., 1902. 7. 11. 15. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin. South Chemsali district, North-eastern Ehodesia. Presented by B. L. Harger, Esq., 1907. 7. 11. 15. 7-8. Two skulls and skins, female. Same locality. Sccme history. 7. 11. 15. 9. Skin. Same locality. Same history. G.— Oreotrag'us oreotragus porteousi. Oreotragus saltator porteusi, Lyde'k'ker, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 960, Game Animals of Africa, Su^jpl. p. 9, 1911 ; name misspelt. Typical locality Zaria * district of Northern Nigeria, Imperfectly known. Skull differs from that of sehillingsi by its much greater width, the diameter across the orbits being 31 against 2^| inches ; it is further distinguished by the * Incorrectly given as Yola in original description. OREOTKAGIX^ 131 marked bending-down of the margin of the lachrymal bone, which consequently has a distinct lateral surface in place of a sharp edge, and also shows only a comparatively small portion of its whole extent in a front view of the skull, 12. 5. 3. 1. Skull, with horns. Duchi n'Wai Eange, Zaria, Northern Nigeria. Type. Presented ly Dr. E. J. Forteous, 1911. Subfamily viii.— NEOTRAGINiE. Eelatively small antelopes, with well-developed slender tails of moderate length, and a large bare muiSe extend- ing nearly as far back as hind angles of nostrils. Face-glands, when present, in the form of a valvular invagination, with their circular orifices approximated to the eyes; web of pasterns folded back on itself to form posterior wall of an interdigital cleft ; other characters of this part as in Oreotraginm ; hoofs normal; inguinal glands apparently jDresent. Teats two* or four.f Lateral hoofs present or absent. Horns absent in females, except abnor- mally ; those of males in the form of short simple spikes, more or less annulated at base ; skull more or less elongated, with large lachrymal depressions and small lachrymal slits ; frontals much the same as in Oreotragincc, as are also the upper molars. The distributional area includes the greater portion of Ethiopian Africa. The following is a key to the genera included in the subfamily : — A. A bare patch below ear ., Ourebia. B. No bare patch below ear. u,. Horns vertical ; lateral hoofs present or absent... Bajthicerus. b. Homs inclining backwards in or near frontal plane; lateral hoofs wanting Neotragus. * W. L. Sclater, Fauna 8. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 174, Haphicerus. t Pooock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882, Ourebia. K 2 13:3 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES I. Genus OUREBIA. Ourebia, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 622, 1841*; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 13, 1895 ; PococTc, Proc. Zool. 8oc. 1910, p. 882. Soopophorus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846. Oribia, Lydekker, (h-eat and Small Game of Africa, p. 238, 1899. The largest members of the subfamily, readily distin- guished by the presence of a larger or smaller bare patch of skin (commonly described as glandular) below each ear, tufts of long hairs on the knees, and the retention of small lateral hoofs. Tail short and tufted. Skull with large or medium lachrymal depressions ; nasals large. Horns inclining back- wards, and ridged at base. The genus is distributed, in suitable localities, over the greater part of Ethiopian Africa, where it is represented by several more or closely allied species, some of which might perhaps be better regarded as local races. To these the following is a key : — ■ A. A blackish frontal mark. a. Size smaller; basal skull-length 5 J inches... O. ourebi. b. Size larger ; basal skull length 6j^j O. goslingi. B. No dark frontal mark. a. Horns more or less slender ; hair straight. a' . Tail largely black. a". Nose blackish ; size small O. nigricaudata. b". Nose fawn ; size larger. a^ Lachrymal depression broad 0. hastata. V. Lachrymal depression narrow. a*. Skull small ; teeth large 0. kenyce. b*. Skull large ; teeth small 0. microdon.] b'. Tail fawn, except for a few hairs at tip. a'. Horns long and slender ; tail short ... 0. cottoni. v. Horns short and slight; tail longer ... O. montana. b. Horns very thick and heavily ridged O.haggardi. c. Hair curly 0. gallarum. * For date of this work see Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. vii> p. 3.W, 1899. t External characters unknown. NEOTEAGIN^ 133 I. OUREBIA OUREBI. Antilope ourebi, Zimmermann, Oeogr. OeschicMe, vol. iii, p. 266, 1783 ; Shaiu, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 320, 1801 ; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. eer. 4, vol. iv, p. 89, 1887. Antilope scoparia, Schreber, Saugthiere, pi. colxi, 1785 ; Afzelius Nova Acta Soc. TJpsal. vol. vii, p. 220, 1815 ; Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. ii, p. 194, 1816, Mamm. vol. ii, p. 462, 1822 ; Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 446, 1822; Oold- fuss, Schreber' s Saugthiere, vol. v, p. 1244, 1824 ; Burchell, List Quadr. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 7, 1825 ; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 244, vol. v, p. 339, 1827 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 379, 1827, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 290, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Begne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842 ; Lichtenstein, Darstellung. Sdugeth. pi. xii, 1828 ; J. B. Fischer, Synoy. Mamm. p. 469, 1829 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 78, 1832 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1886, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, p. 633, 1868 ; Ohen, Allgemeine Naturgesch. vol. vii, p. 1362, 1838 ; Oervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840 ; Wagner, Schreher's Saugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 429, 1844, vol. v, p. 411, 1855 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 414, 1845 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 316, 1855. Antilope melanura, Bec/isiCTra, Uebersicht vierfiiss. Thiere, yol. i, p. 73, 1799, vol. ii, p. 642, 1800. Cemas melanura, Oken, Lehrbuch Naturgeschichte, vol. iii, pt. 2, p. 743, 1816. Bedunoa scoparia, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 211, 1834. Antilope (Ourebia) scoparia, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist, Nat. vol. i, p. 623, 1841. Oreotragus scoparius, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 164, 1843, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 146, 1847 ; Drummond, Large Game S. Africa, p. 426, 1875. Calotragus scoparius, Sundevall, K. SvensTia Vel.-Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 192, 1846 ; Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 260, 1880, ed. 3, p. 396, 1891. Scopophorus ourebi. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 131, 1851, Enotvsley Menagerie, p. 7, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 118, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 73, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 19, 1872, Hand- List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 90, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862; Fitzinger, Sitsber. k. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 165, 1869. Calotragus oureby, Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Online, p. 191, 1853. Scopophorus ourebi grayi, Fitzinger, Sitzber. Ic. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 165, 1869. Nanotragus scoparius, Brooke, Proe. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 642 ; Selous, ibid. 1881, p. 761, A Hunter's Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 221, 1881 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 301, 1889 ; Flower and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 339, 1891 ; Nicolls and Egling- ton, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 25, 1892 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, p. 81, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 218, 1893. 134 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Scopophorus scoparius, JentinJc, Cat. Osteol. Leyclen Mus. [Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 131, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {op. cit. voL xi) p. 160, 1892. Neotragiis scoparius, BarMey, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 182 ; Bendall, ibid. 1895, p. 361. Ourebia sooparia, Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 15, 1895 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna 8. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 170, 1900. Oribia scoparia, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 238, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 169, 1908; Kirhy, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 239, 1899; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 176, 1910 ; Letcher, Big Game N.E. Bhodesia, p. 196, 1911. Ourebia ourebi, quoted by Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 169, note, 1908 * ; Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882. Ourebia oribi, Thomas and Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xix, p. 387, 1907. Oribi. Type of genus ; also of Scopophorus. Typical locality Cape Colony. Size large ; height at shoulder from about 24 to 26 inches. General colour bright sandy rufous ; chin, a stripe over outer angle of each eye, and under-parts (exclusive of throat) white ; generally a dark brown triangular mark on forehead ; subauricular bare patch small and indistinct ; tail sandy rufous in its basal third, elsewhere thickly tufted and black, length about A\ inches ; skull with large slender muzzle, and large and open lachrymal depressions, of which the vipper and lower borders are strongly ridged. Horns, of which fine specimens measure from 5 to 7 inches in length, slender, evenly tapering, inclined backwards at an angle of about 45° to the plane of the face, with a slight upward and forward curvature ; their ridges approximated, low, rounded, indistinct, and restricted to the basal two-thirds. Length of hind-foot 11, of ear 3| inches ; basal length of skull b\, maximum width 2-|-, length from muzzle to orbit 3|- inches. The range appears to extend as far north as the Zambesi on the east, and into Congo territory on the west. 46. 10. 26. 18. Skull and skin, female. South Africa. Purchased, 1846. 46. 10. 26. 17. I Skull and skin, female. South Africa. 46. i. 9. 13. I Purchased, 1846. * There is some earlier reference. NKOTKAGIN.E 135 775, li. \ Skull and skin, female. Mashooaland. 135, h. ) Bij exchange loith the South African Museum. 1. 6. 3. 86. Skull, with horns. Maslionaland. Presented hj F. C. Selous, R.q., 1901. 97. 8. 25. 4. Skull, with horns, immature. South-east Africa. Presented iij J.ffolUott Darling, Esq., 1897. 97. 8. 25. 4. Head, mounted. Mount Fletcher, Griqua- land East. Same history. 8. 4. 15. 1. Head, mounted. Barotsiland. Presented hij S. P. Griffin, Msq., 1908. 12. 1. 1. 1-3. Three frontlets, with horns. Mazabreka, North-west Ehodesia. Presented hj Pi.. C. Wood, Esq., 1912. 12. 3. 27. 1, 2. Two skulls, male, with horns, and immature female. Same locality. Same history. 10. 2. 16. 5. Skull, with horns. Nsele, Awemha, North- east Ehodesia. Presented by P. H. Melland, Esq., 1910. 12. 5. 10. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Luapula A^alley, Belgian Congo. Presented hy Col. C. F. Blaine, 1912. II. OUEEBIA HASTATA. Antilope hastata, Peters, Seise Mossambique, Sdugeth. p. 188, pi. xli, fig. 2 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 317, 1855 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. v, p. 411, 1855 ; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. 1887, p. 46. Calotragus hastata, TemniincJc, Esqidss. Zool. Quine, p. 191, 1853. Soopophorus hastatus, Fitzinger, Sitzber. h. Alt. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 165, 1869 ; Matschie, Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ostafriha, p. 121, 1895. Nanotragus hastatus, BrooTce, Proa. Zool. Soc. 1874, p. 642 ; Flower and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 339, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 219, 1893. Oreotragus hastatus, Biltimeyer, Abh. schweiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 53, 1877. Ourebia hastata, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 21, 1895 ; Thomas and Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xix, p. 387, 1907. Oribia hastata, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 239, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 171, 1908. Typical locality Senna, Zambesia. Nearly related to 0. ourebi, but with a larger and more conspicuous ear-patch, a more slender and less heavily tufted tail, with more or less white along the inferior lateral edges. 136 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES and no dark mark on crown of head. These differences scarcely seem of more than racial value. The range extends from Mozambique to Nyasaland. 93. 5. 6. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. Zomba, N"yasa- land ; collected by A. Whyte, Esq. Presented hj Sir ff. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1893. Pig. 13.— Front and Side Views of Skull and Hoens of Petebs's Obibi (Ourehia hastata). 94, 3. 7. 4. Skin, mounted, and skull. Shirwa Plain, Nyasaland; same collector. Same donor, 1894:. 96. 10. 28. 21. Skull and skin, female. South of Lake Shirwa, Nyasaland; same collector. Same donor, 1896. 97. 10. 1. 264. Skull, with horns (fig. 13), and skin. Zomba. Same donor, 1897. 99. 6. 29. 9. Skull, with horns, and skin. Zomba. Presented ly Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.G.M.G., C.B., 1899. NEOTRAGIN^ 137 III. OUEEBIA NIGEICAUDATA. Scopophorus montanus, Qray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 7, pi. v, 1850, nee Cretzsclunar. Nanotragus nigricaudatus, Brool-e, Froc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 874, pi. Ixxv ; Garrod, ibid. 1877, p. 11 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 81, 1892 ; LydeJcleer, Horns and Hoofs, p. 219, 1893. Neotragus nigricaudatus, Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 145, 1883. Ourebia nigricaudata, Sclater and Thomas, Boole of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 23, 1895 ; Alexander-, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 392, 1907 ; Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882. ■Oribia nigricaudata, LydelcTcer, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 239, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 171, 1908; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 180, 1910. Typical locality Gambia. Size relatively small; height at shoulder about 21 inches. ■General colour greyish fawn ; ear-patch large ; upper surface of nose dusky ; tail with a large terminal tuft. Length of hind-foot 10, of ear 3| inches. There may be a triangular blackish patch behind the horns. The range includes the open districts of Gambia and Senegambia. 76. 2. 30. 3. Skeleton, with horns, and skin. Gambia; collected by C. B. More, Esq. Type. Purchased [Zoological Society), 1876. 76. 2. 4. 2. Skin, female. West Africa. Presented hy the Zooloyical Society, 1876. 99. 6. 15. 15. Skull and skin, female. Gambaga. Presented hy Capt. W. Giffard, 1899. 10. 2. 17. 1. Head-skin, immature female. Bekel District, Senegal. Presented hy Capt. H. S. Topping, 1910. 10.2.17.2. Skull, with horns, immature. Same locality. Same history. 11. 6. 10. 106. Skin. Upper Gambia. Presented hy G. Feriwiek Oicen, Esq., 1911, 8. 12. 18. 3. Skin, mounted. Senegambia. Presented hy F. Russell Roherts, Esq., 1908. 51. 12. 2. 6. Skull and skin, female. "West Africa. Purchased (Zoological Society'', 1851. 5. 5. 10. 13. Skin. Wase, ISTorthern Nigeria. Presented hy Br. H. K. W. Kumm, 1905. 138 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 99. 7. 7. 6. Skull, with horns, immature. Borgu, Nigeria. Presented hij Capt. G. H. F. Abadie, 1899. 99.7.7.7. Skull, female. Same locality. Same historij . IV OUREBTA MONTANA. Antilope montana, Cretzsclimar, Atlas to BilppelVs lieise Nordost- Afriha, p. 11, pi. iii, 1826; Fisclier, Synop. Mamm. p. 469, 1829; Rilppdl, Neiie Wirhelth. Ahyssin., Mamm. p. 25, 1835, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 3 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 290, 1836; Nouv. Tail. Begne Anim.. Mamm. p. 177, 1842; Lauril- Jiird, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 623, 1841 ; Wagner, ScJireher's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 431, 1844, vol. v, p. 412, 1855 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 421, 1845 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 316, 1855 ; Hiiet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 34, 1887. Eedunca montana, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 211, 1834. Antilope brevioaudata, Biijypell, M.S. (Ncue Wirhelth. Ahyssin., Mamm. p. 25, 1835). Tragelaphus montanus, Biippell, Vemeichniss Mus. Senchenherg. p. 37, 1842. Calotragus montanus, Sundevall, K. Svensha Vet.-Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 193, 1846; Temminclc, Esguiss. Zool. Giiine, p. 191, 1853; Heuglin, Nova Acta Ac. Cces. Leop.-Car. vol. xxx, pt. 2, ^. 8, 1863, Beise Nordost-Afrika, vol. ii, p. 104, 1877. Soopophorus montanus, G-ray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 137, 1851, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 74, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 19, 1872 ; Sclatcr, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 101 ; Fitsinger, Sitzher. Ic. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 165, 1869; Blanford, Zool. Ahyssinia, p. 266, 1870 ; Giglioli, Ann. Mus. Genova, ser. 2, vol. vi, p. 18, 1888 ; Jentink, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 160, 1892. Nanotragus montanus, Brooke, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, pp. 642 and 875 ; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 166, 1891 ; Flower and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 339, 1891 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, p. 82, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 218, 1893. Ourebia montana, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 25, 1895; Bothschild, Boivell-Cotton' s Sporting Trip through Ahyssinia, p. 464, 1902; Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882; Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 147, 1913. Oribia montana, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 239, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 172, 1908 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 178, 1910. Typical locality Fazogloa Eange, Blue Nile. Height at shoulder 22 to 23 inches. Distinguished from typical species by the shorter and less bushy tail, which has NEOTRAGIN.E 139 only a few black hairs at the tip, but a number of white ones along the sides of the lower surface ; ear-patch large and completely bare; no dark frontal mark. Basal length of skull 5f, greatest width 2-|, length from miTzzle to orbit :li| inches. It is not possible at present to give a key to the two races, especially as cottonl may have to be classed as a third race of this species. A.— Ourebia montana montana. General characters those given above. Typical locality Fazogloa Eange, Blue Nile. 73. 8. 29. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. I)embelas, Abyssinia. Purchased, 1873. 73. 8. 29. 5, 6. Two skulls and skins. Same localit3^ Same hisiori/. 2. i. 5. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin (scalp separate). Adamadis, Madi District. Presented hy C. S. Betton, Esq., 1902. 11. 5. 28. 2, 3. Two skulls, male, with horns, and female, and skins. South-west of Shambe, Bahr-el-Ghazal. Presented hy F. G. Selous, Esq., 1911. 9. 7. 8. 5. Skin, female. Near Tonga Island, White Nile. Presented hy C. G. Tower, Esq., 1909. 8. 4. 2. 56. Skull, with horns. Upper Nile. Presented hy A. L. Butler, Esq., 1908. 8. 4. 2. 57. Skull and skin. Same locality. Same history. 0. 8. 6. 7, 8. Two skulls, male, with horns, and female, and skin. White Nile ; 11° N. Lat. Presented hy Gapt. S. S. Flower, 1900. 1. 8. 8. 41. Skull, with horns. Kaka, White Nile. Presented hy E. Mc. D. Haxuker, Exq., 1901. 6. 9. 12. 1, 2. Two skulls, immature, with horns. Mongalla, Bahr-el-Ghazal. Presented hy Grenuforel Logan, Esq., 1906. 3. 12. 15. 1. Head, immature, mounted, and skull. Binder Valley, Blue Nile. Presented hy A. W. Hairj, Esq., 1903. 140 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 12. 11. 13. 16. Four mounted heads. Dinder Valley; oollected by Capt. M. E. T. Gunthorpe. Presented hy Col. E. J. Gunthorpe, 1912. 1. 1. 25. 1. Skull, with horng. Addis Abeba, Abyssinia. Presented by Capt. C. Wellhy, 1901. 12. 11. 2. 1 Skull, immature, female. Keilak, Southern Kordofan. Presented hy Capt. B. V. G. Durnfoi'd, 1912. B.— Oupebia montana sequatoria. Ourebia montana tequatoria, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 12, 1912. Typical locality Lado Enclave. The following is the original description : — " Nearest ■cottoni (infra, p. 144), but differing by the smaller, less vertical horns, which are less heavily ringed and lighter; dorsal coloration with darker tips to the ears and a few dark hairs in the tip of the tail ; hair shorter ; horns much heavier than in montana, but slanting backward at same angle, tympanic bullfe and nasal bones larger. Intermediate in horn-characters between cottoni and montana, but coloration nearer cottoni . . . The difference between this race and ■cottoni is surprisingly slight, notwithstanding that these two races live at the extremes of the vertical range of the genus." The last sentence suggests that the author regards cottoni as a race of the present species. V. OUEEBIA HAGGAEDI. Neotragus haggardi, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. xv, p. 187, 1895. Ourebia haggardi, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 29, 1895. ■Oribia haggardi, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 239, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 176, 1908 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 180, 1910. Typical locality Lamu district, British East Africa. Shoulder-height about 24 inches. Specially characterised l)y the stout and compressed horns, with the ridges pro- nounced and strongly angulated, and the lateral profile NEOTRAGIN^ 141 slightly siuuoiis; general colour greyer than usual; tail black-tufted ; skull very shallow. 87. 3. 9. 2. Skull, with horns. Lamu, British East Africa. Go-type. Presented ly J. G. Haggard, Esq., 1887. 87. 3. 9. 3. Skull, with horns. Lamu. Co-type. Same historii.. 87. 3. 9. 4. Skull, with horns, immature. Lamu. Same history, 95. 6. 9. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Doruma district, 25 miles inland of Mombasa. Presented by A. H. Neumann, Esq., 1895. VI. OUEEBIA KENYJ?.. Ourebia kenya;, Meinertzhagen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1905, vol. i, p. 169. Oribia kenyae, Lydekher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 174, 1908. Typical locality Kenia district, British East Africa. Nearly related to 0. haggardi, and standing fromvabout 23 to 25 inches at the shoulder, this species (or [?] race) i.s- distinguished by the horns being less thick, and not so- roughly and irregularly ridged, as well as by their more forward direction and greater divergence. General colour bright fulvous or ochery tawny ; chin, throat, and a streak running from above the eye towards muzzle white ; ears fringed above with dark brown ; tail about 4 inches long, its. terminal three-fourths tufted and black and basal fourth edged with black below. Lachrymal depression narrow. In the last-mentioned feature, as well as in its black- tufted tail, this species shows affinity with 0. hastata. 4. 11. 5. 28. Skull, with horns. Fort Hall, British East Africa. Type. Presented by C'apt. P. Meinertzhagen, 1904. 4. 11. 5. 24-26. Three skulls, with horns (fig. 14). Fort :aii. Same history. 4. 11. 5. 27. Skull, female. Same locality. Same history. 4. 11. 5. 29- -31. Three skulls, with horns. Same locality. Savie history. 4. 12. 6. 13. Skull, with horns. Same locality. Presented by S. L. Hinde, Esq., 1904. 142 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 4. 12. 6. 12. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality. Same history. 7.11.18.2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Foot of Mount Kenia. Presented ty R. J. Cvningliame, Esq., 1907. 7. 11. 18. 3. Skull and skin, female. Same locality. Same history. Pig. 14. — Pbont and Side Views of Skull and Hoens of Kenia Obibi {Ourebia kenycs). VII. OUEEBIA MICEODOK Ourebia microdon, HolUster, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 4, 1910. Oribia microdon, LydeJcker, Oaine Animals of Africa, Suppl. p. 10, 1911. Typical locality Guasiu-gishu Plateau, British East Africa. Type iu United States National Museum. A large species, known by the skull, in which the upper NEOTEAGIN.E 143 series of cheek-teeth is nnusually short, occupying less length than in species with absolutely smaller skulls ; rostral portion of skull elongated ; horns short, stout, and heavily ridged. Apparently most nearly related to Iccnyw, from which it differs by its larger size, longer cranial rostrum and nasals, square and flat basioccipital, and shorter and more heavily ridged horns. Some of the dimensions of the type skull are contrasted below with those of other species ; the measure- ments in millimetres : — microdon. cottoni. kenyce. montana. Maximum length 175 168 165 164 Condylo-basallength 163 157 154 153 Basallength 152 146 143 144 Maximum width 77 75 75 74 Muzzle to orbit 95 87 85 86 Length of upper row of cheek-teeth. 48 53 49 50 JSTo specimen in collection. VII r. OUEEBIA GOSLINGI. Ourebia gosliugi, Tliomas and Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xix, p. 387, 1897 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 392, 1907. Oribia goslingi, Lydelcker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 177, 1908. Typical locality Niangara, Welle Valley, Congo. Characterised by its large size (approximately the same as in hastata), coupled with the presence of a conspicuous black patch extending from the forehead between the horns to base of ears, and recalling the somewhat similar mark in ourebi ; a black tinge on back ; hairs smoky grey at base, and dark brown above, with a bright buff ring below the small black tip. Horns longer than in montana, but shorter and slighter than in kenyce. Length of ear 4j inches (107 mm.), of hind-foot 11 jf (300 mm.), of tail 3| inches (94 mm.) ; basal length of skull G-j^g- inches (160 mm.), greatest breadth 2^ (73 mm.), length from orbit to muzzle 3|- inches (98 mm.). 7. 7. 8. 215. Skull and skin, female. Niangara, Upper Welle Valley. Type. Collected during the Alexander- Gosling Expedition. Presented hy the Alexander-Gosling ExjJedition, 1907. 144 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 7. 7. 8. 213. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bimu, Welle Valley. Same collection. Same history^ 7. 7. 8. 214. Skull, with horns, immature. Danga, Congo. Same collection. Same history, 7. 7. 8. 216. Skull and skin, female. Nigeria. Same history. 7. 7. 8. 217. Skull, with horns. Nigeria. Same collection. Same history. 7. 7. 8. 218. Skull and skin, female. Nigeria. Same collection. Same history, 1907. IX. OUEEBIA COTTONI. Ourebia cottoni, Tlwmas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, voL i, p. 177, 1908 ; Hollister, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 4, 1910; Heller, ibid. vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 12, 1910. Oribia cottoni, Lydehlcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 177, 1908. Typical locality Guasin-gishu Plateau, British East Africa. About the size of 0. goslingi (23 inches at shoulder), but with a rather longer coat and the general colour paler and brighter, being tawny, fading to buff on flanks, instead of dark clay-colour shading into ochre ; hairs drab for basal two-thirds, but otherwise buff, except for very small black tips ; no distinct dark frontal mark ; tail very short, less than one-third the length of that of goslingi, about 1\ inches. Horns short and well ridged, although not so strongly as in haggardi, skull, compared with that of goslingi, broader, stouter, and shorter in front of orbits. 7. 12. 29. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Surgoit Eock, Guasin-gishu Plateau, British East Africa. Type. Presented hy Major P. H. G. Powell-Cotton, 1907. 7. 12. 29. 2. Skin, mounted, and skull. Same locality. Same history. X. OUEEBIA GALLAEUM. Ourebia gallarum, Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 146, 1913. Typical locality shores of Lake Helene, about 60 miles south of Addis Abeba, Abyssinia. NKOTRAGINiE l-Lfi A large species, with long wavy hair and complete absence of a dark frontal patch. General colour bright orange-fawn, deeper along dorsal line, with the tips of the hairs cream and their bases whitish ; forehead uniformly orange-fawn. Skull relatively large and massive, with great development of the bridge across the rostrum in front of orbits, and the con- sequent marked concavity of the facial profile ; nasals depressed ; lachrymal depression large and deep ; horns short; and stout, inchning strongly backwards, as in montana, and ridged only at base. Basal length of skull 6 inches (152 mm.), greatest width 3/^ (84 mm.), length of nasals 2-iJ- (67 mm.), of upper row of cheek-teeth 2j^ (52 mm.). The skull approximates to that of 0. cottoni, in which the basal length is 5| inches (145 mm.), but differs by the more backward inclination of the horns, resembling in this respect 0. montana, in which the basal skull-length is 6^ inches (156 mm.). The hair is brighter and richer in tone than that of cottoni, and quite different from the grizzled fawn of montana ; while in its waviness it differs from both. 6. 11. 1. 58. Skull, with horns, and skin. Lake Helene, Omo Valley, Abyssinia ; collected by Mr. Zaphiro. Type. Presented hy W. N. BIcMillan, Esq., 1906. The following specimens are not yet specifically deter- mined : — 4. 8. 1. 3. Skull, with horns. South-western Ankoli, Uganda ; collected by Mr. W. G. Doggett. Presented hy Lieut.-Col. C. Delme-Radcliffe, 1904. 4. 8. 1. 4. Skull, immature female. South-western Ankoli ; same collector. Same history. 4. 11. 5. 31. Skull, with horns. Uganda. Presented by Capt. R. Meinertzliagen, 1904. II. Genus RAPHICERUS. Eaphicerus, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. v, p. 342, 1827 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 33, 1895 ; Pococlc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 879. Calotragus, Sundevall, K. Svensha Vet. -Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 192, 1846. Ehaphocerus, Agassin, Nomenelator Zool., Index Univ. p. 321, 184(). II. L 146 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Pediotragus, Fitzinger, Sitzher. h. Ale. Wiss. Wien, voL lix, pt. 1, p. 163, 1869; JentinJc, Notes Ley den Mus. vol. xxii, p. 30, 1900. Baphiceros, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1896, p. 796. Bhaphioeros, Lydehher, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 249, 1899 ; Bothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237. No bare patch below ear, or tufts on knees ; tail short ; horns rising nearly vertically, slender, with slightly developed ridges on basal half ; lateral hoofs present or absent. Skull stout and strong, with a sharp broad muzzle, small but deep lachrymal depressions, of which the upper and lower margins are rounded. For the distinctive characteristics of the foot of this genus, as compared with that of Ourebia, see Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1910, p. 885. The distributional area is restricted to Southern and Eastern Africa. The genus is divisible into the two following groups : — A. Lateral hoofs wanting (Baphicerus). a. Coat uniformly coloured B. eanvpestris. b. Coat speckled B. sharpei. B. Lateral hoofs present (iVo to fra^jts) B. melanotis. 1. Subgenus RAPHICERUS. Lateral hoofs wanting. I. EAPHICEEUS CAMPESTPJS. Capra grimmia, Thunherg, Beise, vol. ii, p. 8, 1789, neo Linn. Antilope campestris, Thu?iberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. vol. iii, p. 311, 1811. Antilope tragulus, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 176, 1814, Darstellung. Saugeth. pi. xiv, 1828; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1284, 1818 ; Schinz, Cuvier's Thierreich, vol. i, p. 392, 1821 ; Desmarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 458, 1822; J. Fischer, Synop. Mamun. p. 464, 1829; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 81, 1832; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37„ Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 683, 1868 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. x, p. 291, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Begne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842 ; Ohen, Allgemeine Naturgesch. vol. vii, p. 1362, 1838 ; Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 622, 1841 ; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840 ; Forster, Descrip. Anim. pp. 36 and 374, 1844 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdug- thiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 436, 1844, vol. v, p. 410, 1855 ; Schinz, NEOTEAGINiE 147 Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 411, 1845 ; Peters, Beise nach Mossam- hique, Sdugeth. p. 187, 1852 ; Qiehel, Sdugethiere, p. 318, 1855 ; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 88, 1887. Antilope traguliis rupestris, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 177, 1814 ; Forster, Bescrijp. Anim. p. 376, 1844. Antilope capensis [for campestris), Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upaal. vol. vii, p. 254, 1815. Antilope ibex, Afzelius, op. cit. p. 263, 1815 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 376, 1827. Cerophorus (Cervicapra) stenbock, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75. Cerophorus (Cervicapra) acutioornis, Blainville, op. cit. pp. 75 and 79, 1816, Journ. Phys. Aug. 1818, pi. i, fig. 8, Olcen's Isis, 1819, vol. ii, p. 1095. Antilope aouticomis, Desmarest, Nouv. Diet, Hist. Nat. vol. ii, p. 193, 1816, Ma/mmalogie, vol. ii, p. 460, 1820 ; Schinz, Ouvier's Thier- reich, vol. i, p. 895, 1821 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 377, 1827 ; Flower and Oarson, Cat. Osteal. Mus. B. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 275, 1884. Antilope rupestris, Burchell, Travels in S. Africa, vol. i, p. 202, 1822, vol. ii, p. 15, 1824 ; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 248, vol. V, p. 340, 1827 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 412, 1845. Antilope fulvo-rufesoens, Desmoulins, Diet. Class, Hist. Nat, vol. i, p. 446, 1822. Antilope (Eaphicerus) aouticomis, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal King- dom, vol. iv, p. 252, vol. V, p. 342, 1827; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. x, p. 292, 1886, Nouv. Tahl. Bdgne Anim. p. 177, 1842 ; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840. Antilope (Eaphicerus) subulata, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal King- dom, vol. iv, p. 253, vol. V, p. 342, 1827 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. x, p. 292, 1836, Nouv. Tahl. Begne Anim. p. 177, 1842; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840. Tragulus rupestris, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 212, 1834 ; Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. xxv, fig. 2, 1840. Tragelaphus tragulus, Biippell, Verzeichniss Mus. Senchenherg . p. 37, 1842. Oreotragus tragulus. Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mtis. p. 164, 1843, List. Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 146, 1847. Calotragus campestris. Gray, Cat. TJngulata Brit. Mus. p. 71, 1852; Layard, Cat. S. African Mus. p. 68, 1861 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 235, 1862. Calotragus tragulus, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1861, p. 209. Pediotragus tragulus, Fitzinger, Sitzber. Tc. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 163, 1869 ; Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. ix, p. 173, 1873, vol. XV, p. 262, 1893, vol. xxii, p. 30, 1900, Cat. Osteol Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 134, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (op. cit. vol. xi) p. 165, 1892; Max Weber, Arch. mikr. Anat. vol. xxi, p. 500, 1888. Pediotragus tragulus grayi, Fitzinger, Sitzber. 7c. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 163, 1869. L 2 148 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Pediotragus oampestris, Gray, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 31, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 100, 1873 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Oes. nat. Freunde, 1900, p. 559. Nanotragus tragulus, Brooke, Proc. Zool. Sac. 1872, pp. 642 and 874 ; Buckley, ibid. 1876, p. 283 ; Bocage, ibid. 1878, p. 742 ; Selous, ibid. 1881, p. 762, A Hunter's Wanderings in 8. Africa, p. 222, 1881 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 300, 1889 ; Hunter, Willoughby's East Africa, p. 290, 1889 ; Craivshay, Proa. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 654 ; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 166, 1891; Flower and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 339, 1891 ; Lugard, E. Africa, vol. i, p. 540, 1893. Neotragus tragulus, Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 145, 1883. Nanotragus oampestris, Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 24, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 217, 1893 ; Jackson, Big Game Shooting {Badminton Library), vol. i, pp. 285 and 391, 1894 ; Lorenz, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, vol. ix, p. 60, 1895. Neotragus oampestris, Bendall, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 361. Raphicerus oampestris, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 41, pi. xxvii, fig. 1, 1895, vol. iv, p. 225, 1900; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 173, 1900; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 879. Ehaphioeros oampestris, Kirby, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 251, 1899 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 181, 1908 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 185, 1910. Pediotragus horstocki, Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xxii, p. 39, 1900. Ehaphioeros horstocki, Bothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237. Ehaphicerua oampestris, Lbnnberg. Arkiv Zool. vol. v. No. 10, p. 4, 1909. Steinbok. Type of Ecqyhicerus, Galotragus, and Pediotragus. Typical locality Cape Colony. Height at shoulder from about 21 to 22 inches. General colour bright sandy rufous, deeper on head; muzzle and a horseshoe-like patch on crown usually dark brown ; a white stripe above outer angle of each eye ; tail short, coloured above like back, below -white, as is also under surface of body; lateral hoofs wanting; horns relatively larger than in the oribis, the maximum recorded length being 7^ inches. Skull stout, with the frontal surface roughened and ridged, and the premaxillse articulating with the nasals. Length of hind-foot 9|, of ear 41 inches ; basal length of skull 4|, maximum width 2|, length from muzzle to orbit 2|- inches. The range extends on the west to the Cuneni and on the east to the Zambesi. NEOTKAGINxE 149 The following local races have been named : — A. Usually a dark coronal mark. a. General colour orange rufous, with muoh white on beUy B. c. campestris. b. General colour vinaceous rufous, with less white below B. c. natalensis, B. No dark coronal mark, at least in male. a. Auditory bulla small. a' . No dark nose-spot B. c. neumanni. b' . A dark nose-spot B. c. stig^naticus. b. Auditory bulla large B. u. capricornis. A. — Kaphicerus campestris campestris. Bhaphioeros campestris typicus, Kirhy, Game Animals of Africa, p. 251, 1899. Typical locality South Africa. General colour orange rufous, with a large white area on the under-parts and relatively large white patches on the throat and round the eyes. 43. 12. 7. 24. Skin. South Africa; collected by Verreaux. Fiorchased, 184.3. 46. 8. 3. 44. Skull, with horns. South Africa ; same collector. Purchased, 1846. 46. 11. 20. 10. Skull, with horns, immature. South Africa. Purchased, 1846. 46. 11. 18. 28. Skull, with horns. South Africa. Purchased (Stevens), 1846. 776, g. Skull, with horns. South Africa. Bequeathed hy Gen. T. Hardwiclce, 1835. 994, c. Skeleton, with horns. South Africa (?). Purchased {Zoological Society). 1. 8. 5. 1. Skull, with horns, and skia. Near Worcester, Cape Colony. Purchased, 1901. 2. 12. 1. 32. Skull and skin, immature female. Deel- fontein, Cape Colony ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hy Lieut.-Gol. A. T. Sloggett, G.M.G., 1902. 2. 12. 1. 33. Skull and skin, immature female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 3. 3. 6. 29, 30. Two young specimens, in spirit. Same locality and collector. Same donor, 1903. 150 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES •i. 3. 1. 96. Skull, female. Fredefort Eoad, Northern Orange Elver Colony. Presented by Major G. B. H. Barrett-Hamilton, 1904. 3. 5. 10. 1. Skin, mounted. South Africa. Pu7'chased, 1903. 4. 2. 2. 8. Skull, with horns, and skin. Durban Eoad, Cape Colony ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented by C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1904. Fig. 15. — Front and Side Views op Skull op Steineok (BapMcems campestris). 4. 12. 3. 99. Skull, with horns, and skin. Umvolosi Valley, Zululand. Same collector. Same history. 4. 12. 3. 100, 101. Two skulls and skins, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 4. 12. 3. 102. Skull and skin, female, imperfect. Hlatwa district, Zululand. Same collector. Same history. 4. 12. 3. 120. Skull, with horns (fig. 15), and skin. Umvolosi. Same collector. Same history. NEOTRACIIN^ l.nl 4. 2. 3. 120. Skull and skin, female. Klipfontein, Namaqualand. Same collector. Same history. 6. 11. 8. 142-144. Three skulls and skins (one female). Coguno, Inhambane, Znluland. Same collector. Same history. B.— Raphicepus campestris natalensis. Bhaphiceros horstooki natalensis, Rothschild, Proo. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237 ; LydeJcker, Oame Animals of Africa, p. 182, 1908. Typical locality Drakensberg district of Natal. Differs from typical race by its much darker colour, wliich is deep vinaceous rufous, and by the smaller size of the white patches on the throat and round the eyes and the extent of the white of the under-parts. 83. 7. 27. 2. Skull, with horns, provisionally referred to this race. Port Elizabeth ; collected by F. C. Selous, Esq. Purchased, 1883. C— Raphicerus campestris neumanni. Pediotragus neumanni, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1894, p. 122, Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ostafriha, p. 120, 1895. EapHcerus neumanni, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 47, 1895 ; Thomas and Schwann, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 584 ; Lonnherg , SjbstedVs Kiliinandjaro-Meru Exped., Mamm. p. 40, 1908 ; K. 'Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. vol. xlviii, art. 5, p. 153, 1912. Bhaphiceros campestris neumanni, Hunter, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 253, 1899 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 180, 1908. Nototragus neumanni, Roosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910. Typical locality Northern Ugogo, German East Africa. Type in Berlin Museum. Distinguished from typical race by the absence, at least in the male, of the dark coronal crescentio mark, the paler general colour, and the greater development of the white facial markings, which form complete rings round the eyes, are wider on the margins of the ears, more clearly defined on the chin, throat and inner sides of the limbs, and include the lips. The skull is slightly larger. 15:^ CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES The reference of some of the following specimens is pr&visional : — 89. 8. 3. 5. Skull, with horns, and head-skin, immature. Between Kilimanjaro and coast. Presented hy H. C. V. Hunter, Esq., 1889. 89. 8. 3. 6. Skull, with horns. Same locahty. Same history. 92.10.18.13. Skull, immature female. Kilimanjaro ; col- lected by Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B. Purchased, 1892. 90. 6. 8. 34. Immature skin. District between Equa- toria and Bagamaja ; collected liy Dr. Emin, Pasha. Purchased, 1890. 0. 3. 27. 28, 29. Two skins. British East Africa. Presented hy the Lord Belamere, 1900. 3. 6. 10. 3. Skin. Nedenit Valley, Lake Nakuru, British East Africa. Presented ly F. C. Sclous, Esq., 1903. ■4. 11, 5. 23. Skull, with horns. Nyeri, British East Africa. Presented hy Capt. B. Meinertzhagen, 1904. 9. 5. 27 2. Skull, with horns. Mt. Kenia, British East Africa. Presented hy B. J. Guninghame, Esq., 1909. 8. 9. 26. 3. Skin. Moshi Station, Kilimanjaro. Presented hy A. B. Perceval, Esq., 1908. 0. 9. 3. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bondoni Hills, near Machakos, British East Africa. Presented hy B. Crawshay, Esq., 1900. 1. 8. 9. 68. Skull and skin, female. Ravine Station, British East Africa. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.G.M.G., K.G.B., 1901. C. 1. 5, 7. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kilimanjaro. Presented hy Major B. T. Bright, 1906. 3. 12. 14. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Ussangu, German East Africa. Presented hy F. Bussell Boherts, Esq., 1903. D.— Raphieerus eampestris stig-maticus. Bhaphiceros neumaimi stigmatious, Lonnherg, Sjostedt's Kilimand- jaro-Meru Exped., Mamm. p. 40, 1908. Typical locality Kilimanjaro. Type in Swedish Zoological Museum. NEOTIlA(;iN-K ].")3 Differs from neumanni by presence ul' a dark Lrown triangular spot on nose, contrasting strongly with rufons of face. Further evidence is required to show whether this feature is constant, although there are stated to be distinctive characters in the skull. E. — Raphicerus campestris capricornis. Baphicerus neumanni capricornis, Thomas and Schwann, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 584. Rliapliiceros campestris capricornis, Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 181, 1908. Typical locality Klein Letaba, Transvaal. Distinguished from the East African race by the larger auditory bulhe and rather longer nasals ; slight traces of the dark coronal mark of the typical race persist in the female. 5. 12. 9. 78. Skull, with horns, and skin. Klein Letaba, north-eastern Transvaal; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Type. Presented hij C. D. Budd, Esq., 1905. 5. 12. 9. 79. Skull and skin, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 97. 8. 25. 1-3. Three skulls, with horns, one immature, provisionally refeiTed to this race. Enkeldoorn, ^Mashona- land. Presented hy J. ffoliott Darling, Esq., 1897. The following form, if distinct, may indicate another race of this species : — Pediotragus kelleni, Jentirdc, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xxii, p. 41, 1900 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. iv, p. 225, 1900. Typical locality, Cuneni Valley, Mossamedes. Known by two skulls in the Leyden Museum. II. EAPHICEKUS SHAEPEI. Raphiceros sharpei, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1896, p. 796, pi. xxxix ; Chubb, Proc. Bhodesia Scient. Assoc, vol. vii, p. 30, 1908 ; Hamilton, Proc, Zool. Soc. 1913, p. 539. Rhaphiceros sharpei, Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 251, 1899 ; Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 180, 1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 187, 1910. Raphicerus sharpei, Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. iv, p. 225, 1890; Thomas and Schtuann, Proc, Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 683. 154 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Typical locality soutliern Angoniland. A species with feet like those of E.. campestris and a ^vhite-speckled coat similar to that of H. indanotis. Size much the same as in campestris. General colour rich tawny rufous, brighter than in campestris or mclanotis, hut white hairs intermingled with the dark ones ; muzzle brown above, darkest in middle line but without sharply defined nose-patch ; sides of muzzle dirty white ; cheeks and sides of neck fawn ; crown with crescentic mark ; ears large, thinly haired at back, the hairs mostly white, but black on margins ; under-parts and limbs as in campestris ; tail short, above like back, white below. The distributional area extends from Nyasaland through IMashonaland to the north-eastern Transvaal. The two local races are characterised as follows : — a. Feet and bullae small B. s. sharpei. b. Feet and bulls larger B. s. colonicus. A. — Raphicerus sharpei sharpei. Typical locality southern Angoniland. Feet and auditory bulla relatively small ; general colour without distinct purplish tinge ; under-parts white or whitish, with very slight tinge of buff. 96. 10. 26. 3. Skin. Southern Angoniland. Type. Presented hij Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1896. 0. 5. 14. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. West of Lake IMweru, North-west Ehodesia. Same history. 1. 4. 27. 11. Skin, female. Nyasaland. Presented hij Lieut.-Col. Manning, 1901. 1. 6. 26. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. Inpimbi, Xyasaland. Same history. 1. 6. 26. 5. Skull and skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 5. 1. 29. 1. Skull and skin, female. Ehodesia. Presented hy Gapt. J. B. Dunbar, 1905. 5. 11. 14. 1. Skin, mounted. Wear junction of Lien with Zambesi, Portuguese East Africa. Presented hy Monsieur L. de Vries, 1905. NEOTRAGIN.K 155 B.— Raphicepus sharpei colonicus. Kaphicerus sharpei colonicus, Thomas and Schiuann, Proc. Zool. Soo. 1906, p. 583. Bhaphioeros sharpei colonicus, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 180, 1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 187, 1910. Typical locality Klein Letaba, Transvaal. Feet longer than in typical race ; general colour richer with a more distinct purplish tinge, and the white hairs more numerous ; under-parts, including throat, purplish buff, with the bounding line indistinct on sides of belly ; auditory bullse larger. Basal length of skull 4^^ (112 mm.), maximum width 2^ (64 mm.), length from muzzle to orbit 2j\ (59 mm.) ; length of tail 3 (76 mm.), of hind-foot without hoof 7| inches (195 mm.). 5. 12. 9. 81. Skull, with horns, and skin. Klein Letaba, north-eastern Transvaal; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Type. Presented ly C. D. Rudcl, Esq., 1905. 5. 12. 9. 80. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality and collector. Same history. 8. 4. 3. 1. Skull and skin, female. Tette, Zambesia. Same collector. Same donor, 1908. 2. Subgenus NOTOTRAGUS. Nototragus, Thomas and Schwann, Ahstr. Proc. Zool. 8oc. 1906, p. 10 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882. Grysbock, Knottnerus-Meyer, Arch. Naturgesch. vol. Ixxiii, pt. 1, p. 99, 1907. Distinguished from Ea;phicerus by the retention of lateral hoofs. III. EAPHIOEROS (NOTOTEAGUS) MELANOTIS. Antilope melanotis, Thunberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. vol. iii, p. 312, 1811 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. TJpsal. vol. vii, pp. 257 and 262, 1815 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1235, 1818 ; Desmarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 459, 1822 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 376, 1827 ; Lichtenstein, Darstellung. Sdugeth. pi. xii, 1828 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 465, 1829 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 82, 1832 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Waterhouse, Oat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 42, 1838 ; O/ccti, Allgemeine Natur- 156 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES gesch. vol. vii, p. 1363, 1838 ; Laurillard, Did. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 623, 1841 ; Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 438, 1844, vol. v, p. 411, 1855 ; Schinn, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 413, 1845 ; Peters, Beise nach Mossamhique, Sdugeth. p. 187, 1852 ; Qiebel, Sdugethiere, p, 318, 1855 ; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 488, 1887. Antilope tragulus melanotis, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 176, 1814 ; Forster, Bescrip. Anim. p. 375, 1844. Antilope grisea, Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 244, 1816 ; Burchell, List Mamm. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 6, 1825 ; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 250, vol. v, p. 341, 1827 ; Lesson, Nouv. Tahl. Begne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842 ; neo Boddaert. Cerophorus (Oervioapra) grisea, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75. Antilope rubro-albescens, Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 446, 1822. Tragulus melanotis, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 213, 1834 ; Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. xxvii, fig. 2, 1840. Tragelaphus melanotis, Biippell, Verzeichniss Mus. Senchenherg . p. 37, 1842. Oreotragus griseus, dray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 164, 1843. Calotragus melanotis, Sundevall, K. SvensTca Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 192, 1846 ; Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 136, 1851, Knoivsley Menagerie, p. 7, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 118, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 72, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 19, 1872, Hand- List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 90, 1873 ; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 192, 1855 ; Layard, Cat. 8. African Mus. p. 70, 1861 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 235, 1862 ; Bhjth, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, p. 166, 1863 ; Fitzinger, Situher. h. Ale. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 165, 1869 ; Jentinli, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 131, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {op. cit. vol. xi) p. 159, 1892 ; Mat- schie, Sdugethiere Deutsch-Ostafriha, p. 120, 1895. Nanotragus melanotis, Broolce, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 642; Selous, ibid. 1881, p. 627, A Hunter's Wanderings in 8. Africa, p. 222, 1881 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 300, 1889 ; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 167, 1891 ; Flower and LydeJcJcer, Study of Mammals, p. 33, 1891 ; Nicolls and Egling- ton. Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 26, 1892 ; LydeTcker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 219, 1893 ; Lorenn, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, vol. ix, p. 60, 1895. Neotragus melanotis, Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 145, 1883, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 520; Bendall, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 361. Eaphioerus melanotis, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 35, pi. xxvii, fig. 2, 1895 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 176, 1900. Bhaphioeros melanotis, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 249, 1899, Ga7ne Animals of Africa, p. 181, 1908 ; Ward, Becorcls of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 184, 1910. ^'EOTKA(;;lN.E 157 Nototragus melanotis, Thomas and Schwann, Abstr. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 10 ; Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882. Grysbook melanotis, Knottnerus-Meycr, Arch. NaturgcscJi. a'oI. Ixxiii, pt. 1, p. 99, 1907. The following names hare been applied to albinistic varieties of this or other species of the genus : — Antilope tragulus pallida, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 177, 1814; Forster, Bescrip. Anim. p. 376, 1844. Antilope pediotragus, Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. IJpsal. vol. vii, pp. 260 and 264, 1815 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugethiere, vol. v, p. 1238, 1818 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 84, 1832 ; Oervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840; Lesson, Noiiv. Tabl. Eegne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842. Antilope pallida, H. Smith, Oriffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. i^', p. 251, vol. V, p. 842, 1827. Antilope rufescens, H. Smith, op. cit. vol. iv, p. 249, vol. v, p. 341, 1827 ; Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. Begne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842; Schinz, Synop. Mamn>. vol. ii, p. 412, 1845. Tragulus pediotragus, A. Smith, S. African, Quart. Journ. ^'ol. ii, p. 213, 1834. Calotragus melanotis pallida, &>'ay, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 70, 1850, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 72, 1852. Calotragus rufescens, Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 192, 1853. Pediotragus rufescens, Jentinh, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 165, 1892. Grysbok. Typical locality Cape Colony. Height about 22 inches. General colour of the long and coarse coat deep rich rufous profusely speckled with white, owing to the presence of a large number of white hairs ; under-parts paler than back, but not white; frequently a blackish crescentic mark on crown ; ears very large, grey externally ; very small lateral hoofs present ; tail very short, without any lalack at tip ; horns of the same general type as those of campestris, but shorter, the maximum recorded length being 4|- inches. The range extends as far north as Zamljesia and Mozambique. 46, h. Skin, female, mounted. Cape of Good Hope. Presented hy Dr. W. J. Burchell, ctbout 1817. ■46, «.. Skin. Cape of Good Hope. Purcliascd. ?j1. 9. 26. 123. Skull and skin, immature female. Cape 158 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES of Good Hope; collected by Verreaux. Eeferred by Gray in 1852 to his Calotragus melanotis ixdlida. Pitr chased 1837. 38. 7. 13. 10. Skin, immature. South Africa. Purchased {Stevens), 1838. 51. 5. 5. 18. Skull, immature, female. Piwchased, 1851. 62. 3. 19. 13. Skeleton. South Africa; collected by Sir George Grey. Purchased {Zoological Society), 1862. 63. 7. 7. 15. Skull, with horns, immature. East Africa. Presented ly Gapt. J. H. Speke, 1863. 5. 5. 7. 112. Skull, with horns, and skin (head-skin separate). Plettenberg Bay, Knysna district, Cape Colony ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hj C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1905. 5. 5. 7. 113. Skull and skin. Same locality and collector. Same history. III. Genus NEOTRAGUS. Neotragus, H. Smith, Griffith'.i Animal Kingdom, vol. v, p. 349, 1827, as a subgenus ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 59, 1895. Tragulus, Ogilhy, Proa. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 138, nee Pallas. Minytragus, Gloger, NaturgeschieJite, p. 154, 1841. Spinigera, Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. Begne Anim., Mamin. p. 178, 1842. Nanotragus, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 191, 1846. Dwarf antelopes, with small spike-like horns in the males directed backwards, or backwards and upwards, more or less nearly in the plane of the forehead ; facial (and like- wise inguinal) glands at least generally present,* and a large lachrymal depression in skull; no bare ear-patch or lateral hoofs ; tail medium ; foot-structure not definitely known, t The distributional area includes Western, Central, and Eastern Africa. These antelopes may be arranged in the following three * See Pooook, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882. f Pocook, op. cit. p. 881. NEOTKAGIN^ 159 groups, which have been regarded as ol' geueric value, but are here classed as subgenera : — A. Skull with a premaxillo-maxillary vacuity; horns relatively long, strongly ridged, with a distinctly upward direction Neaotragus. B. Premaxillo-maxillary vacuity present ; horns short, stout, nearly smooth, except at tiase, inclining backwards nearly in frontal plane Hylarniis. c. No premaxillo-maxillary vacuity; horns very small, smooth, inclining backwards in frontal plane Neotragiis. 1. Subgenus NESOTRAGUS, Nesotragus, Von Diiben, Ofv. K. Vet. -Ah. Forhandl. vol. iii, p. 221, 1847 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 49, 1895. A maxillo-premaxillary vacuity present in skull; front border of orbit situated above first or second upper molar ; hind border of palate opposite hind outer angle of third upper molar ; nasals of medium width above ; horns relatively long, strongly ridged, with a distinct upward inclination. The distributional area is restricted to East Africa. The two species are distinguishable as follows : — A. Size smaller ; horns short and slender ; tail like back above N. moschatus. B. Size larger ; horns longer and stouter ; tail blackish above N. living stoniamis. I. NEOTEAGUS (NESOTEAGUS) MOSCHATUS. Nesotragus moschatus, Von Duben, Ofv. K. Vet. -Ale. Forhandl. vol. iii, p. 221, 1847 ; Sundevall, K. Svensha Vet.-AJc. Handl. 1845, p. 327, 1847 ; Cfray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 8, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 119, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 137, 1851, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 75, 1852, Cat. jRuminants Brit. Mus. p. 30, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 99, 1873 ; Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 192 and 209, 1853 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 101 ; Fitsinger, Sitsher. h. Ak. Wiss. Wien, lix, pt. 1, p. 164, 1869; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 490, 1887 ; Wa/rd, Becords of Big Game, p. 80, 1892; Matschie, Sdugetliiere Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 119, 1895 ; Sclater and Thomas, Boole of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 51, pi. xxviii, 1895 ; Bryden, Great and Small Ga-me of Africa, p. 255, 1899 ; Lonnberg, Sjostedt's Kilimandjaro-Meru Exped., Mamm. p. 44, 1908, K. SvensJca Vet. -Ale. Handl. vol. xlviii, no. 5, p. 153, 1912. 160 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Anfcilope nioschata, Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, Sujjjyl. vol. v, p. 415, 1855. Nanotragus moschatus, BrooTce, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 642 ; Flower and Lydeklcer, Study of Mammals, p. 339, 1831 ; True, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mug. vol. xv, 1892 ; LydeMcer, Horns and Hoofs, p. 217, 1893; Jackson, Big Oame Shooting (Badminton Library), vol. i, p. 285, 1894. Cephalophorus zanzibarious, Layard, Cat. Mamm. S. African Mus. p. 71, 1861. Nesotragus kirohenpaueri. Pagenstecher, Jahrh. Mus. Hamburg, vol. ii, p. 36, 1885. Neotragus moschatus, Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 185, 1908; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 181, 1910. SUNI. Typical locality Zanzibar. The type of Nesotragnji. Size small; shoulder -height from 13 to 14 inches. General colour typically dull, finely grizzled fawn-grey, with a tinge of rufous, especially on face and sides of neck ; a Ijrown patch on tip of nose ; throat pale rufous ; chin, under- parts, and inner sides of legs white ; legs below knees and hocks rufous, with the exception of the pasterns, which are brown ; tail coloured like back above, whitish below. Basal length of skull 4 inches (101 mm.), maximum breadth 2\ (57 mm.), distance from orbit to muzzle 21 inches (54 mm.). Good horns measure from 2^ to 3|- inches in length, with a basal girth of from 1;^ to 1| inches. The range includes small islands in the harbour of Zanzibar and the mainland from British East Africa through the Kilimanjaro district to Mozambique. The species has been subdivided as follows : — A. General colour darker — chestnut-brown N. m. akeleyi. B. General colour medium — dull grizzled fawn N. m. moschatus. c. General colour light — cinnamon rufous N. m. deserticola. A.— -Neotragus moschatus moschatus. Characters as under head of species. Typical locality Zanzibar. 64. 3. 20. 1. Skin, mounted. Zanzibar Island. Presented hj C'cqjf. J. H. Speke, 1864. 64. 3. 20. 2. Skin and skull, female. Same locality. Same liistory. NEOTEAGIN^ 161 68. 9. 9. 2-3. Two skulls, with horns. Same locality. Presented hij Sir John Kirk, G.G.M.G., K.G.B., 1868. 7-i. 4. 20. 3. Skin and skull, female. Same locality. Same donor, 1874. 74. 4. 28. 1-4. One adult and three immature skulls. Same locality. Same history. 74. 4. 28. 4, a and h. Two female skulls, one immature, with horns. Same locality. Same history. 97. 1. 5. 17. Skull, with horns, and skin. Zanzibar. From the collection of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart. Presented ty Sir Douglas Broolce, Bart., 1897. 97. 11. 20. 2. Skin, mounted, and skull, female. Zanzibar. Purchased {Zoological Society), 1897. 97. 11. 20. 2. Foetus, in spirit. Same history. B.— Neotragus mosehatus akeleyi. Nesotragus mosehatus akeleyt, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 7, p. 1, 1913. Typical locality Mt. Kenia, British East Africa. Type in U. S. National Museum. General colour darker than in typical race — chestnut- brown on back ; white of throat divided for half its length by median fulvous band ; legs darker, with the pasterns and stripe on front surfaces black. 4. 2. 5. 8. Skull, with horns, and skin. Nyeri, Kenia district, British East Africa. Presented by S. L. Hinde, Esq., 1904. 4. 2. 5. 9. Skull and skin, female. Same locality. Same history. Of the folloimng specimens some may belong to this, and the rest to the next race : — 0. 1. 3. 6. Skull and skin, female. Eogoro, British East Africa. Presented by G. S. Betton, Esq., 1900. 0. 1. 3. 7. Fawn, in spirit. Same locality. Same history. 10. 5. 3. 212. SkuU, with horns. Aberdare Eange, British East Africa; collected by Mr. R. Kemp. Purchased, 1910. 4. 12. 6. 14. Skull, with horns. Fort Hall, British East Africa. Presented by S. L. Hinde, Esq., 1904. II. M 162 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 10. 4. 20. 7. Skull, with horns. Takaungu, north of Mombasa. Presented hy G-. L. Muir, Esq., 1910. 0. 2. 1. 42. Skm. Niain Hill, British East Africa ; collected by A. J. Mackinder, Esq. Purchased, 1900. 0. 2. 1. 43. Skull, with horns, and skin (head-skin separate). Same locality and collector. Same history. 3. 2. 16. 1. Skull and skin, female. Eoroma, Kikuyu district, British East Africa. Presented hy R. Crawshay, Esq., 1903. 10. 1. 15. 5-6. Two skulls, with horns, and skins. Moml3asa, British East Africa. Presented hy S. L. Hinde, Esq., 1910. C. — Neotragus moschatus deserticola. Nesotragus moschatus deserticola, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect. vol. Ixi, no. 7, p. 2, 1913. Typical locaUty Maji-ya-chumvi, British East Africa. Type in U. S. National Museum. General colour considerably lighter than in typical race — cinnamon-rufous, only a little darker on middle line of back ; white of throat interrupted only by very narrow fulvous band ; legs light fulvous, with dark fuscous pasterns ; tail whitish, with middle dorsal line dusky brown. Some of the specimens entered under heading of preceding race may belong to this form. II. NEOTEAGUS (NESOTEAGUS) LIVINGSTONIANUS. Nesotragus livingstonianus, Kirk, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 657 ; Oray, Oat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 31, 1872, Hand-List Burmnants Brit. Mus. p. 100, 1873; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 55, 1895 ; Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. ii, p. 317, 1898 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna 8. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 179, 1900 ; Lbnnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. v, no. 10, p. 4, 1909. Nanotragus livingstonianus, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 237. Nesotragus livingstonei, Lydekker, Great and 8m,all Game of Africa, p. 255, 1899. Neotragus livingstonianus, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 186, 1908; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 182, 1910. Typical locality Shupanga, Zambesia. Size larger than in N. moschatus, the shoulder-height NEOTRAGINiE 163 measuring from 14 to 15 inches. General colour ranging from rich rufous to grizzled fawn ; upper side of tail and at least hind surface of pasterns blackish or black. Basal length of skull 4| inches (111 mm.), maximum width 2i \4f Fig. 16. — Livingstone's Suni (Neotragus [Nesotragus] living stonianus).* A, Male, changing coat, and female. B, Female. (64 mm.), distance from orbit to muzzle 2| inches (60 mm.). Good horns measure from 4J to 5 inches in length, with a basal girth of from 1| to 2j inches. The range extends from Mozambique to Zululand. The two races are distinguished as follows : — A. General colour deep rufous ; pasterns black aUround N.l. Kving stonianus. B. General colour grizzled fawn ; pasterns blackish on hind surface only N. I. zuluensis. A. — Neotragus living-stonianus livingstonianus. Nesotragus livingstonianus typicus, Eirhy, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 256, 1899. Typical locality Shupanga, Zambesia. General colour rich rufous, verging on chestnut ; pasterns deep black all round ; flanks and limbs more fawn-coloured * The author has unfortunately mislaid the letter accompanying these photographs, so that he is unable to give the name of the correspondent by whom they were sent. M 2 164 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES than in moschatus ; tail darker than back above, approaching black, white below. The range extends from Zambesia and Mozambique to British Central Africa. 64. 12. 19. 5. Skull, imperfect, with horns, and head- skin. Shupanga, Zambesia. Type. Presented by Sir John Kirk, G.G.M.G., K.C.B., 1864. 98. 5. 22. 3. Skull and skin, female. Eewanza, South ISTyasaland. Presented Iry Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., G.B., 1898. 5. 2. 2. 15. Skull, with horns, and skin. Deep Bay, Nyasaland. Same donor, 1905. 5. 2. 2. 16. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 12.5.16.1. Skin. Near Blantyre, British Central Africa. Presented hy Dr. A. H. Barclay, 1912. B.— Neotrag-us livingstonianus zuluensis. Nesotragus livingstonianus zuluensis, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. ii, p. 317, 1898 ; Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 259, 1899. Neotragus livingstonianus zuluensis, Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 186, 1908 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 182, 1910. Nesotragus zuluensis, Thomas and Wroiighton, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 299. Typical locality Umkuja (Unikozi) Valley, Zululand. General colour grizzled fawn, pasterns indistinctly blackish on their hind surfaces only ; horns of males somewhat stouter than in typical race. The range extends from Zululand to Tette, Zambesia. 93. 2. 1. 1, Skull, with horns, and skin. Umkuja (Umkozi) Valley, Zululand. Type. Presented hy A. H. Neumann, Bsq., 1893. 93. 2. 1. 2. Skull, with horns. Same locality. Same history. 98. 7. 25. 1. Skull and skin, female. Zululand. Same donor, 1898. 6. 11. 8. 145-146. Two skulls, with horns (fig. 17), and skins, immature. Coguno, Inhambane; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hy G. B. Budd, Esq., 1906. NEOTKAGIN^ 165 6. 11. 8. 147-149. Three skulls and skins, female, one immature. Same locality and collector. Same history. 8. 4. 3. 92. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Tetta, Zambesia. Same collector. Same donor, 1908. 94. 5. 2. 1-2. Horns and imperfect skin. Gungunyana's Country, Portuguese East Africa. Presented hy H. T. Ghjnn, Esq., 1894. Pig. 17. — Feont and Side Views of Skull and Hobns of Zulu BACB OF Livingstone's Suni {Neotragus [Nesotragus] living stonianus zuluensis). 3. 1. 21. 1. Skull, with horns. Gazaland, Portuguese East Africa. Presented by Capt. A. N. Campbell, 1903. 2. 2. 8. 3. Skin, mounted, and skull. Pongola Valley, Zululand. Presented hy Lieut.-Col. Sir David Bruce, K.C.B., 1902. 6. 12. 12. 4. Skin, mounted, and skull. Zululand. Presented by Allan Cameron, Esq., 1906. 166 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 2. Subgenus HYLARNUS. Hylarmis, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xviii, p. 149, 1906. Premaxillo-maxillary vacuity present ; muzzle relatively short, so that front border of orbit is situated above the last upper premolar ; hind border of palate about on line of hind outer angle of third upper molar ; nasals broad above ; horns short, stout, smooth, except at the base, inclining backwards nearly in the frontal plane. The distribution is restricted to the equatorial forest region. In describing the type species (as Neotragus) de Winton remarked that it "somewhat bridges over the differences between this genus and the East African Nesotragus, and practically reduces the distinguishing characters to those of the horns alone." Thomas, again, in describing the second species and establishing the genus Hylarnus, also remarks that these antelopes are in many respects intermediate between sunis and the royal antelope. In the opinion of the present writer, this affords reason for including the whole group in a single genus. The two species of the present group may be distinguished as follows : — A. Dark and light areas moderately distinct N. batesi. B. Dark and light areas more sharply defined ; the former deeper and the latter brighter JV. harrisoni. III. NEOTEAGUS (HYLAENUS) BATESI. Neotragus batesi, de Winton, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1903, vol. i, p. 192, pi. xix ; Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 184, 1908. Hylarnus batesi, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xviii, p. 149, 1906 ; Bates, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1905, vol. i, p. 77. Typical locality Cameruns. Type of Hylarnus. Size nearly half as large again as in the royal antelope (infra, p. 169). General colour a deeper ruJbus, with a tendency to dusky, the feet less rufous, and the white of the under-parts less pure ; front of face, crown of head, and neck dark smoky brown ; back and upper side of tail more rufous NEOTEAGIN^ 167 or bay; all the hairs of the dark areas ringed with dark brown and bright bay. Basal length of skull 3f inches (95 mm.), maximum width 2 inches (51 mm.), distance from orbit to muzzle If (34-5 mm.), length of upper row of cheek- PiG. 18. — Peont and Side Views op Skcll and Hobns op Bates' DwABP Antelope (Neotragus [Hyla/rnus] batesi). teeth 11 inches (32 mm.). Length of tail 2| inches (65 mm.), of hind-foot, without hoof, 6| (160 mm.), of ear 2 inches (50 mm.). 3. 7. 16. 1. Skull, with horns (fig. 18), and skin. Efulen, Cameruns ; collected by G. L. Bates, Esq. Type. Purchased, 1903. 3. 7. 16. 2. Skull, female. Same locality and collector. Smne history. 8. 6. 23. 14. Skin, mounted. Cameruns. Purchased, 1908. IV. NEOTEAGUS (HYLARNUS) HAEEISONI. Hylamus harrisoni, Thomas^ Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xviii, p. 149, 1906. Neotragus harrisoni, Lydekher, Field, vol. cviii, p. 510, 1906, Game Animals of Africa, p. 181, 1908. 168 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Typical locality Semliki Forest. Contrast of colour more distinct than in iatesi (of which this form may be merely a local race) ; the dark tints being deeper and the light shades brighter. General colour approximately cinnamon ; median dorsal area dusky, owing to black tips of hairs ; forehead and crown dark brown, with a narrow lighter line above each eye ; hair of ears black on outer, white on inner surface ; chin, lower side of jaw, and under-parts white ; throat-band brownish cinnamon ; front of legs dark brown, with a whitish patch on shanks and basal phalanges, followed by brown on the second phalanges ; tail, so far as known, coloured like body. Nasals broader above than in hatesi, expanding into a well-marked angle on each side ; premaxillo-maxillary vacuity (in the type skull) larger ; and horns inclined upwards at a slightly greater angle. Basal length of skull 3f inches (96 • 5 mm.) ; maxi- mum width 2j'g (52 mm.) ; distance from orbit to muzzle 2 (51 mm.) ; length of upper series of cheek-teeth 1^ (32 mm.) ; nasals 1^ X {^ inches (37 X 23 mm.). 5. 10. 21. 3. Skull, with horns. Semliki Forest, eastern Congo. Type. Mounted skin of same individual in possession of donor. Presented by Lieut.-Col. J. J. Harrison, 1905. 7. 4. 23. 3. Immature skull, with horns, and skin. GumbaU, Bomakandi Valley, Upper Welle. Presented hy B. L. Reid, Usq., 1907. 3. Subgenus NEOTRAGUS. For synonymy, see above, p. 158. No premaxillo-maxillary vacuity in skull ; orbital margin as in Hylarnus ; hind border of palate opposite front edge of third upper molar ; horns very short, smooth, and inclining backwards in the plane of the forehead. The distributional area is restricted to the hinterland of the West Coast, from Liberia to Lagos. NBOTKAGINiE 169 V. NEOTEAGUS PYGM.EUS. Cervus pusillus guineensis, Seba, Thesaurus, vol. i, p. 10, \A. xliii, fig. 3, 1734. Capra pygmsea, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, vol. i, p. 69, 1758. Mosohus pygmaeus, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12, vol. i, p. 92, 1766. Antilope pygmsea, Pallas, Spicil. Zool. fasc. xii, p. 18, 1777 ; Zimincr- mann. Spec. Zool. Ocogr. p. 540, 1777, Oeogr. Geschichte, vol. ii, p. 112, 1780 ; Hermann, Tail. Affin. Anim. p. 107, 1783 ; Gmelin, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 191, 1788 ; Kerr, Linn.'s Anim. Kingdom, p. 318, 1792 ; Donndorff, Zool. Beytrage, vol. i, p. 642, 1800 ; LinJe, Beytrage Naturgesch. vol. ii, p. 99, 1795 ; Bechstein, TJehersicht vierfilss. Thiere, yol.ii, p. 642, 1800; Shatu, Qen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 326, 1801 ; Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. X, p. 251, 1803, vol. xxiv, tabl. p. 32, 1804, Maminalogie, vol. ii, p. 465, 1822 ; Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 241, 1804 ; G. Fischer, Zoognosia, vol. iii, p. 414, 1814 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Vpsal. vol. vii, p. 220, 1815 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. V, p. 1237, 1818 ; Besmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 445, 1822; Lesson, Mon. Mamm. p. 379, 1827; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 270, 1827 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 469, 1828 ; Oken, Allgemeine Naturgeschichte, vol. vii, p. 1360, 1838. ' Antilope regia, Erxleben, Syst. Begne Anim,. p. 278, 1777 ; Gatterer, Brev. Zool. vol. i, p. 80, 1780; Boddaert, Elenchus Anim. p. 140, 1785. Tragulus pygmseus, Boddaert, Elenchus Anim. p. 131, 1785. Antilope (Gazella) pygmsea, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 178, 1814. Cerophorus (Cervioapra) pygmsea, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75. Cemus pygmaea, OJcen, Lehrbuoh Naturgeschichte, Zool. vol. ii, p. 744, 1816. Antilope (Neotragus) pygmsea, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. V, p. 349, 1827. Antilope spinigera, Temminch, Mon. Mamm. vol. i, p. xxx, 1827 (no description); Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 379, 1827; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 469, 1829; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 263, 1840 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 457, 1844, vol. v, p. 416, 1855 ; Schinz, Spnop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 421, 1845 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 320, 1855. Neotragus pygmsea, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 218, 1834. Antilope (Spinigera) spiniger. Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. Begne Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842. Cephalophorus (?) pygmseus, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. IBS, 1843. Nanotragus spiniger, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 191, 1846; Fitzinger, Sitzher. h. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 164, 1869; Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 137, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {op. cit. vol. xi) p. 164, 1892. 170 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Neotragus pygmssus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 231, 1846; Brooke, Proc. Zool. 8oo. 1872, p. 640, pi. liii; Flower amd LydeJcJcer, Study of Mammals, p. 339, 1891 ; LydeJcher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 216, 1893, Oreat and Small Game of Africa, p. 260, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 183, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 61, pi. xxix, 1895 ; PococJc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 867. Nanotragus regius, Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 12, 1850. Nanotragus perpusillus. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 126, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 143, 1851, Oat. Burmm.amts Brit. Mus. p. 30, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 98, 1873. Calotragus spiniger, Temrmnch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 192 and 201, 1853. Antilope perpusilla, Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 67, 1887. Cephalophus spiniger, Bilttihofer, Beisebilder Liberia, vol. ii, p. 379, 1890. EoYAL Antelope. Typical locality Guinea. Type of genus and subgenus. Size very small ; shoulder-height about 10 inches. General colour bright rufous fawn, or bay, browner on head and fore part of back, deeper on hind-quarters, flanks, and sides of neck ; the rufous forming a narrow band on lower part of throat which divides the white of the chin and lower surface of jaw and throat from that of the remainder of the under-parts; legs rufous, with the exception of a narrow white line down hind surface of front pair and front surface of hind pair ; tail, which measures 2^ inches (60 mm.) in length, exclusive of the terminal tuft, bright rufous above, except at the tip, where, as on the under side, it is white. Basal length of skull 3^ inches (89 mm.), maximum width 1| (47 mm.), distance from orbit to muzzle 1| inches (44 mm.). Horns very small, less than one inch in length, sharply pointed, and quite devoid of rings. 67. 4. 12. 432. Immature specimen in spirit. Guinea. Original of Seba's Cervus pusillus guineensis. Lidih de Jeude Collection, purchased, 1867. 73. 6. 22. 11. Skin, immature, mounted, and skull. Fanti. Presented hy H. F. Blissett, Esq., 1873. 78. 7. 16. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin. Fanti. Purchased, 1878. NEOTEAGIN^ 171 97. 1. 5. 18. Skin. Fanti. From the collection of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart. Presented by Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897. 88. 5. 17. 4. Immature female, in spirit. Lagos. Presented hy 0. E. Dohson, Esq., 1888. 5. 3. 23. 2. Immature skin, female. Owerri, Southern Nigeria. Presented ly E. Dayrell, Esq., 1905. 8. 6. 26. 9. Skull, with one horn (fig. 19). Sierra Leone. Presented hy Capt. L. Murray, 1908. Pig. 19. — Front and Side Views of Skull with one Horn, and WITHOUT LOWEB JAW, OF THE RoYAL Antelope [Neotragus pygviseus) . 8. 8. 6. 11. Coast. 10. 12. 23. 4. Same locality. 12. 2. 27. 10. Same locality. 12. 2. 27. 11- young females. Immature skin, female. Bibianaha, Gold Presented hy A. M. Mackilligan, Esq., 1908. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Presented hy Dr. H. G. F. Spurrell, 1910. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Same donor, 1912. -12. Two skulls, and skins, immature and Same locality. Same history. 1'72 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Subfamily ix.— MADOQUINiE. Very small antelopes, with short, spike-like horns in the males, distinguished from the Ncotraginw by the small size of the muffle, the muzzle being hairy above, almost or quite to the front angles of the nostrils. Face-glands present or absent ; foot-glands apparently always present, but inguinal glands wanting ; foot-glands more or less tubular, with the skin of the back of the pasterns closely folded at the heels ; * apparently one pair of teats, in female ; tail short, nasals more or less shortened, and premaxillse elongated. The distributional area comprises Ethiopian Africa, exclusive of the south-eastern and southern districts. The two genera of the subfamily are distinguished as follows : — A. Hoofs more or less elongated, with the lower surface normal, and the heel-tie f formed by a simple fold of skin; faoe-glands present Madoqua. B. Hoofs short, with pad-like lower surface ; heel-tie forming a double fold, of which the front one projects as a kind of ridge, so as to make a kind of lip to the orifice of the foot-gland ; faoe-glands wanting Borcotragus. I. Genus MADOQUA. Madoqua, Ogilhy, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 137 ; Sclater and Thomas, Boole of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 67, 1895 ; Poaock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 876. Neotragus, Sundevall, K. Svensha Vet.-AJc. Handl. 1844, p. 191, 1846, nee H. Smith. Size very small, females distinctly larger than males ; muzzle more or less elongated, so as to form a kind of flexible proboscis, of which the tip is hairy, with the exception of the lower part of the nasal septum ; crown of head tufted ; ears moderate ; small face-glands, of which the small orifice (at least in M. phillipsi) forms a vertical crescentic slit, with its concavity looking backwards, situated in the centre of an oval patch of bare skin just in front of ' This term, here and elsewhere, is employed in the sense assigned to it by Pooook [Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 844), namely, the hind part of the supporting area of the hoofs. f The integument connecting the heels. MADOQUINiE 173 the eye ; tail short, almost rudimentary ; hoofs more or less elongated, with the supporting under surface normal ; minute lateral hoofs present ; heel-tie in the form of a simple fold of skin ; horns of males from half to three-quarters the length of the skull, straight or slightly sinuous, with strong rihs at base. Skull with very long premaxillse, very short nasals, large nasal aperture, considerable preorbital vacuities, and large, shallow lachrymal pits. Distribution the same as that of the subfamily. The genus may be divided into the two following sub- genera (frequently regarded as genera), viz. : — A. Last lower molar without hind lobe ; upper line of premaxillse slanting, scarcely curved ; pro- boscis moderately developed Madoqua. B. Last lower molar with a hind (third) lobe ; upper line of premaxillse S-shaped ; proboscis more strongly developed Bhynchotragus. 1. Subgenus MADOQUA. Synonymy as above. Hind (third) lobe of last lower premolar wanting ; upper line of premaxillse slanting, scarcely curved ; proboscis moderately developed. Frequently the grey colouring of the upper part of the neck dividing the colour of the back from that of the head. The distributional area is restricted to Somaliland and Abyssinia. The species may be briefly distinguished as follows : — A. Back and neck yellowish (fulvous) or rufous fawn ; flanks scarcely more rufous. a. Size larger M. salticma. b. Size smaller. a'. Grizzling indistinct M. swaynei. v. Grizzling distinct and finer M. piacentinii. B. Back and neck, or at least neck, grizzled grey ; flanks rufous, to a greater or less extent. Size intermediate between saltiana and swaynei. a. Flanks rufous M. philUpsi. h. Flanks rufous grey M. erlangeri. c. Dark grey grizzling extending on to shoulders, flanks, and hind-quarters. Size a little less than in salticma M. cordeauxi. 174 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES I. MADOQUA SALTIANA. Cerophorus (Cervioapra) saltiana, Blcdnville, Bull. 8oc. Philom. 1816, pp. 75 and 79, Ohen'a Ids, 1819, p. 1096. Antilope saltiana, Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. ii, p. 192, 1816, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 465, 1822 ; Sohinz, Cuvier's Thier- reich, vol. i, p. 395, 1821, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 418, 1845 ; Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 446, 1822 ; Qoldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1244, 1824 ; Cretzschmar, Atlas Biippell's Beise, pi. xxi, 1826 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 380, 1827 ; Lichtenstein, Darstellung. Sdugeth. pi. xxi, 1828 ; Hemp- rieh and Ehrenberg, Symbol. Phys. pi. vii, 1828 ; Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 470, 1829 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Oken, Allgemeine Natur- gescJvichte, vol. vii, p. 1361, 1838; Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 622, 1841 ; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat. Suppl. vol. i, p. 268, 1840 ; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 68, 1887. Antilope madoka, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 271, 1827. Antilope (Neotragus) madoka, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. V, p. 350, 1827 ; A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 218, 1834 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 295, 1836. Antilope hempriohiana, Ehrenberg, Hemprich and Ehrenberg, Symbol. Phys. text to pi. vii, 1833 ; Oken, Allgemeine Natur- geschichte, vol. vii, p. 1362, 1836; Wagner, Schreber's Sdug- thiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 455, 1844, vol. v, p. 415, 1855 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 319, 1853-55. Antilope hemprichii, Biippell, Neue fVirbelth, Abyssin., Mamtn. p. 25, 1835. Neotragus saltianus, Jardine, Naturalists' Libr., Mamin. vol. iii, pt. 1, p. 229, pi. xxxiii, 1835 ; Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 231, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 138, 1851, Cat. Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 56, 1847, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 8, 1850. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 120, Cat. TJngulata Brit. Mus. p. 76, 1852, Cat. Bumi- nants Brit. Mus. p. 40, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 110, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862; Blanford, Zool. Abyssinia, p. 268, 1870; Flower and Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. B. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 268, 1884; Giglioli, Ann. Mus. Genoa, ser. 2, vol. vi, p. 19, 1888 ; Flower and Lydehher, Study of Mammals, p. 238, 1891 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 214, 1893. Antilope (Neotragus) saltiana. Lesson, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 295, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Eigne Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842. Madoqua hemprichii, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 137. Madoqua saltiana, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 137 ; Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 164, 1843 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 328 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 69, pi. XXX, 1895 ; Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 265, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 188, 1908 ; Bothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 464, 1902; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 171, 1910 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 876. Neotragus hempriohianus, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 191, 1846 ; HeugUn, Nova Acta Ac. Cws. Leop.-Car. MADOQUIN^ 175 vol. XXX, pt. 2, p. 9, 1863, Beise Nord-Ostafrika, vol. ii, p. 107, 1877 ; Fitzinger, Sitxher. h. Ah. Wiss. Wieii, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 168, 1869. Antilope madoqua, Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 40, 1838. Tragelaphus hempriclili, Bilppell, Vemeicliniss Mus. SencJcenherg, pt. 1, p. 37, 1842. Calotragus saltianus, TemmincJc, Esquias. ZoqI. Guini, p. 192, 1853. Cephalophus (Ourebia) saltiana, Gervais, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 209, 1855. Nesotragus saltianus, Biitimeyer, Abli. schwein. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 53, 1877. Neotragus hemprichii, Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. in,'p.'2,55, 1880. DiK-DiK, or Bbni Israel. Typical locality Coast Range of eastern Abyssinia. The type species. Size relatively large ; shoulder-height 14 or 15 inches. Face rich rufous, and crest very similarly coloured ; neck coarsely lined ashy grey, back fulvous or rufous fawn, whicli becomes but slightly more rufous on flanks ; chin and under- parts (exclusive of chest) whitish, more or less tinged with fawn ; legs pale rufous ; tail (as usual) coloured like back. Nasals moderately short ; preorbital vacuities large ; pre- maxillEe of moderate length, with the upper profile only slightly curved. Basal length of skull 3| inches (95 mm.), maximum width 2^ (57 mm.), length from muzzle to orbit 2J (54 mm.), do. from tip of nasals to tip of premaxillse Ij inches (32 mm.). 55. 12. 24. 285. Skull, with horns, and skin. Abyssinia ; collected by Dr. Eiippell. Presented hy the Zoological Society, 1855. 69. 10. 24. 3-4. Two skins, male and female. Anseba Valley, Abyssinia ; collected by Dr. W. T. Blanford during the Abyssinian Expedition of 1868. Presented hy the Viceroy and Council of India, 1869. 97. 1. 5. 19. Skin, female. Bogosland, Abyssinia. From the collection of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart. Presented hy Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897. 621, e. Skull, female. Abyssinia (?). Purchased. 69. 2. 2. 10. Skeleton, female. Abyssinia ; collected by W. Jesse, Esq., during the Abyssinian Expedition. Presented hy the Viceroy and Council of India, 1869. 1*76 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 11. 8. 2. 59. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kassala, Sudan. Presented hy Br. B. H. Drake-Brockman, 1911. 11. 8. 2. 60. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 3. 2. 18. 1. Skull, with horns. G-ash Valley, Kassala. Presented hy Capt. J. H. Bivers, 1903. Note. — It is possible that Antilope hemprichiana, Ehrenberg, from the Gredam Mountains, Abyssinia, may indicate a distinct race of this species — M. saltiana hemprichiana ; but no light on this matter is thrown by the specimens in the collection. II. MADOQUA SWAYNEI. Madoqua swaynei, Thomas, Proc. Zool. 8oc. 1894, p. 328 ; Hoyos, Zu den AuUhan, p. 185, 1895 ; Swayne, Seventeen Trips through Sonialiland, p. 318, 1895 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Ante- lopes, vol. ii, p. 73, 1895 ; Elliot, Field Mus. Zool. Pub. vol. i. p. 113, 1899 ; Lydeliker, Great and Small Oaine of Africa, p. 262, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 190, 1908; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 172, 1910 ; DraJce-Broclcman, Mwmm. of Somali, p. 70, 1910, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 980, pi. Ivi, fig. 2. Typical locality Berbera, northern Somaliland. Closely allied to M. saltiana, but smaller ; shoulder-height probably about 13 inches. General colour of back indistinctly grizzled grey, with a suffusion of dull buff or clay-colour; sides little, if at all, more rufous than back ; legs pale rufous. Basal length of skull 3 inches (76 mm.) ; maximum width 1-|-| (46 mm.) ; length from muzzle to orbit l^g (40 mm.) ; do. from tip of nasals to tip of premaxillse 1^ inches (26 mm.). The range of this species according to Drake-Brockman is probably limited to the area between latitudes 5° and 8° or 9° N., in parts of which it is found in association with M. jjhillipsi. 94. 2. 21. 15. Skin. Berbera; collected by Lieut.-Col. H. G. C. Swayne. Type. Presented by Dr. P. L. Sclater, 1894. 94. 2. 21. 14. Skin. Same locality and collector. Same history. 94. 2. 21. 20. Skull, with horns. Same locality and collector. Same history. 94. 4. 9. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Milmil, Somaliland. Presented hy Br. Donaldson Smith, 1894. MADOQUIN.E 177 94. 4. 9. 4. Skin. Forty miles south of Berbera. Savie history. 9. 6. 1. 43-46. Four skins. WeM Valley, Somaliland.' Presented hij Br. R. E. Dra];c-Bruchmcm, 1909. 9. 6. 1. 47. Skin. Hara Oda, Somaliland. Same history. III. MADOQUA PIACENTINII. Madoqua piacentinii, Drake-Brocltman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 981, pi. Ivi, fig. 1. Typical locality Ghagaburis, near Obbia, Italian Somali- land. Similar in size to M. swaynei, but with the grey grizzling of the back fine and distinct, without a buff suffusion. " The neck is fairly grizzled all round, the pale throat and buft' chin-patches being completely cut off from the pinkish buff of the chest. Apart from the fine grey grizzling, the most distinctive patches are about the head. There is a bright rufous diamond-shaped nose-patch, which stands out con- spicuously on the grizzled head, while the terminal pavt of the long hairs of the crest is of dull creamy buff. The hairs of the crest, however, vary so much [in colour] in dik-diks, that little importance can be attached to this feature " (Drake-Brockman). 11. 8. 2. 51. Skull, with horns, and skin. Ghagaburis, Italian Somaliland. Type. Presented hy Dr. R. E. Brake- Br oeleman, 1911. 11. 8. 2. 55. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality. Same history. IV. MADOQUA PHILLlPSr. Madoqua phillipsi, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 327 ; Hoyos, Zu den AuUTcan, p. 185, 1895 ; Swayne, Seventeen Trips through Somaliland, p. 318, 1895 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Ante- lopes, vol. ii, p. 175, pi. xxxi, fig. 2, 1895 ; Elliot, Field Mus. Zool. Puh. vol. i, p. 115, 1897 ; Lydekher, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 262, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 189 ; Beddard, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 188 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 172, 1910; Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 876; Drake-Brockman, Mamm. of Somali, p. 68, 1910, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 978, pi. Iv, fig. 3. Typical locality Dobwein, northern Somaliland. A variable species, somewhat larger in size than average II. N 1*78 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES examples of M. swm/nei. Typically head, neck, and back grizzled grey (the neck being always of this colour) ; rufous of crown and back of ears deeper and richer than in M. saltiana ; shovilders and flanks (or at least a band on the flanks) rich bright rufous, markedly different from the faint rufous of those of saltiana ; rufous encroaching considerably on chest, but chin and rest of under-parts whitish (as usual) ; legs rich rufous. Basal length of skull 3j inches (82 mm.) ; maxhuum width 2^^ (52 mm.) ; length from nmzzle to orbit 1^1 (46 mm.); do. from tip of nasals to tip of premaxillte 1-j^ inches (29 mm.). The following three races of this species are recognised, viz. : — A. Hair of medium length ; flanks bright rufous or cinnamon ; back grizzled grey M. p. phillipsi. B. Hair longer, and coat rougher; back darker, looking dark reddish brown ; and neck alone grizzled grey M. p. harrarensis. c. Hair shorter and scantier, and coat sleeker ; general colour grizzled grey, with only a narrow rufous flank-band M. p. guhanensis. A. — Madoqua phillipsi phillipsi. Madoqua phillipsi, Drake- Br ochman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 978, pi. Iv, fig. 8. Typical locality Dobwein, northern Somaliland. Hair of medium length; flanks bright rufous or cinnamon; back grizzled grey. Drake-Brockman writes that in the western part of the Hand the flanks in this dik-dik " are so red that at a short distance it looks rufous all over ; this is in marked contrast to the coast variety [M. p. guhanensis], which looks quite grey." 88. 6. 20. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin, in spirit. Dobwein, forty miles southward of Berbera, Somaliland. Type. Presented hy E. Lort Phillips, Esq., 1888. 88. 6. 20. 8. Skin, in spirit. Same locality. Same history. 93. 12. 1. 8-9. Two skulls, with horns. Same locality ; collected by Lieut.-Col. H. G. C. Swayne. Presented hy Dr. P. L. Sclater, 1893. 94. 2. 21. 19. Skull, with horns. Same locality and collector. Same history. MADOQUIN^ 179 98. 6. 9. 17. Skull and skin, female. Somaliland. Presented hy R. McD. Haivlcer, Esq., 1898. II. 8. 2. 58. Skull, with horns, and skin. Ogo, Somali- land. Presented hy Dr. E. E. Dralce-Brockman, 1911. 86. 11. 19. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Somaliland. Presented hy E. Port Phillips, Esq., 1886. 99. 12. 28. 3-4. Two female skulls and skins, one immature. Somaliland. Presented hy G. V. A. Peel, Esq., 1899. 0. :3. 27. 2-4-25. Skull, with horns, and two skins. Sayer Valley, near Gessima, Somaliland. Presented hy the Lord Delamere, 1900. 94. 2. 21. 12-13. Two skins. Berbera. Presented hy Lieut.-Col. H. G. G. Swayne, 1894. 95. 10. 17. 1. Skeleton, with horns, mounted, and head- skin. Berbera. Presented hy Gapt. T. Cox, 1895. 95. 10. 17. 2-3. Two skeletons, with horns, and head- skins. Same locality. Same history. 5. 11. 5. 8-9. Two skulls, with horns, and skins. Khansa Jungle, Somaliland. Presented hy Dr. R. E. Drake- Brockman, 1905 10. 10. 3. 35-36. Two skulls, with horns, and skins. Golis Foot-hills, Somaliland. Purchased, 1910. 10. 10. 3. 37. Skull and skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 85. 11. 16. 3. Skull, with horns, and (?) skin. Gerbatir, northern Somaliland ; collected by Herr J. Mcnges. Purchased, 1885. B.— Madoqua phillipsi harrarensis. Madoqua harrarensis, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Oes. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 87 ; Lydekher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 190, 1908. Madoqua phillipsi harrarensis, Dralce-BrocTunan, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 979, pi. Iv, fig. 2. Typical locality Harrar, Abyssinia. Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann. Hair longer and coat rougher than in typical race ; back darker, so as to appear deep reddish brown in life, the neck alone being grizzled grey. In the original description this race (species) is stated to resemble M. p. phillipsi in the uniformly rufous flanks, but to differ by the absence of the N 2 180 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES ashy grey and dark brown grizzling of the hairs of the back, the tips of which are alone ringed with isabelline rufous and dark brown, so that the whole tone of the back is rufous fawn. Dralte-Brockman, in comparing this race with the typical iDhillipsi, observes that it is darker, '' and in its wild state looks of a dark red-brown colour." 4. 5. 9. 31. Skull and skin, female. Hai'rar. Frese7itcd hi/ Major H. N. Dunn, 1904. Fig. 20. — Fbokt and Side Views of Skull and Hoens op Harear Race of Phillips' Dik-Dik (Madociua pliUlipsi harrarensis). 4. 5. 9. 32. Skin. Thirty-five miles east of Harrar. Same history. 6. 11. 1. 69. Skull, with horns, and skin. Harrar; collected by Mr. P. Japhira. Presented ly W. N. McMillan, Esq., 1906. 11. 8. 2. 48. Skin, imperfect. Between Harrar and Jig-jigga. Presented hy Dr. B. E. Drake-Brockman, 1911. 11. 8. 2. 52. Skin, imperfect. Daggar, near Jig-jigga. Same history. 0. 3. 3. 25. Skull, female. Abyssinia. Presented hy the Lord Lovat, 1900. MADOQUm^ 181 96.10.8.1-2. Two skulls, with bonis, and skins. South of the Hand, Somaliland. Presented hy Ga'pt. G. L. F. Leathes, 1896. 96. 10. 8. 3. Skull and skin, immature female. Same locality. Same history. 94. 4. 9. 1-2. Two skulls, with horns (fig. 20), and skins. Mihnil, Somaliland. Presented hy Dr. Donaldson Smith, 1904. C— Madoqua phillipsi gubanensis. Madoqua phillipsi gubanensis, Drahe-Brockman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. iv, p. 49, 1909, Mamm. Somali, p. 68, 1910, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 479, pi. Iv, fig. 1. Typical locality Hul Gabobai, Golis Foothills, thirty-five miles south of Berbera, Somaliland. Hair shorter and scantier, and coat sleeker than in typical race; general colour grizzled grey, with only a narrow rufous flank-hand. 9. 6. 1. 52. Skin. Hul Gabobai. Type. Presented by Dr. B. E. Drake-Brockman, 1909. 94. 2. 21. 31. Skin. Berbera. Presented hy Lieut.- Col. H. G. G. Sivayne, 1894. 98. 6. 9. 16. Skull, with horns, and skin. Aractais, Somaliland. Presented hy P. MoD. Hawker, Esq., 1898. 10. 10. 3. 38-40. Three skulls, with horns, and skins, two immature. Somaliland. Presented hy Dr. R. E. Drake-Brockman, 1910. 10. 10. 3. 41-43. Three skulls and skins, female, one immature. Somahland. Same history. 11. 8. 2. 49. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bulbar, Somaliland. Same donor, 1911. 11. 8. 2. 50. Skull, with horns, and skin. Eil Gori, twenty miles north of Zeila, Somaliland. Sams history. The follovjing specimens may indicate another race of the present species: — 11. 8. 9. 21-30. Ten skulls, with horns, and skins. Ed Hur, near Obbia, Italian Somaliland. Presented hy Dr. B. E. Drake-Brockman, 1911. 182 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 11. 8. 9. 31-32. Two skulls, witli horns, and skins, immature. Same locality. Same history. 11. 8. 9. 33-41. Eight skulls and skins, female, some immature. Same locality. Same history. V. MADOQUA EKLANGEEI. Madoqua erlangeri, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 88 ; Lbnnherg, Arhiv Zool. vol. iv, No. 3, p. 2, 1907 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 190, 1908. Ehynchotragus erlangeri, DraTce-Brockman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 983, errorim. Typical locality Ennia Gallaland, at Sheik Hussein, on the left bank of the Webi Eiver. Type in collection of Dr. 0. ISTeumann. A small form, apparently inferior in size to M. sv/aynei, described as similar in dorsal colouring to M. j^hillijjsi harrarensis, but with the flanks rufous grey in place of rufous, owing to the hairs being red only at the tips or ringed with bright rufous and dark ; colour of back passing gradually into that of flanks ; legs dark rufous ; head rufous, without grizzling. In general appearance this dik-dik is compared to a highly rufous M. swr/ynci. No specimen in collection. VI. MADOQUA CORDEAUXI. Macloqua oordeauxi, Drake-Brockman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. iv, p. 49, 1909. Ehynchotragus cordeauxi, Drake-Brock^nan, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 983, errorim. Typical locality near Dirri Dawa, in the Dinikil district of Abyssinia. Somewhat smaller than M. saltiana, but larger than the other Somali members of typical subgenus ; shoulder-height about 13 inches. Darkish grey grizzling extending on to shoulders, flanks, and hind-quarters ; back suffused with reddish fawn ; chest somewhat reddish buff, this colour extending but little on throat, in this respect differing markedly from M. phillipsi ; legs similar to those of that MADOQUINi^i 183 species, but darker towards shoulders and haunches ; crest dull rufous, grizzled with yellow, rufous, and black in front. Basal length of skull 3^g- inches (90 mm.), maximum width 21 inches (53 mm.). 9. 6. 1. 50. Skull, with horns, and skin. Dirri Dawa, Abyssinia. Type. Presented hy Dr. E. E. Drake- Brochnan, 1909. 9. 6. 1. 49. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality. Same history. 9. 6. 1. 51. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality. Same history. 2. Subgenus RHYNCHOTRAGUS. Ehyachotragus, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 88. Last lower molar with a hind (third) lobe, which may, however, be very small ; upper line of premaxillse S-shaped ; nasals shorter than in typical subgenus ; proboscis strongly developed. Typically the colouring of the back not separated from that of the head by a third colour. The distributional area is co-extensive with that of the subfamily. The following is a tentative key to the species of the group : — A. Nasals medium, their tips on a level with front edge of anterior premolars, and distant about Ij^ inches from tips of premaxillae. a. Size large. a'. Nasals moderately broad M. damarensis. V. Nasals broader M. cavendishi. h. Size smaller. a' . Back yellowish grey or bright grizzled fulvous M. hirlii. V. Back bright rufous tawny M. thomasi. B. Nasals shorter, their tips about on level with hind border of penultimate premolar, and distant about If inches from tips of pre- maxillas (in gueniheri). a. Face uniformly coloured ; nasals moderately short M. guentheri. b. Lower part of face profusely spotted with white; nasals very short M, nasoguttata. 184 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES VII. MADOQIJA (EHYNCHOTEAGUS) DAMAEENSIS. Neotragus damarensis, Giinther, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1880, p. 20 ; Flower and Lydehher, Study of Mammals, p. 838, 1891 ; Lydekker, Ho7-ns and Hoofs, p. 215, 1893. Cephalopiius hemprichianus, Jentinlc, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. ix, p. 172, 1887. Nanotragus damarensis, Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 56, 1902. iladoqua damarensis, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 329 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 79, 1895 ; Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 262, 1899 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 182, 1900; Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 2, 1907 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 175, 1910. Rhynohotragus damarensis, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde,* 1905, p. 8. Madoqua (Ehynchotragus) damarensis, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 191, 1908. Typical locality Damaraland. Imperfectly known. Size relatively large. General colour greyish on crown and middle line of back, pale rufous, or bufiish cinnamon, on backs of ears, flanks, and legs ; crest mixed with black ; skull apparently very similar to that of J/. kirJd, but perhaps larger.f Maximum width of skull (female). 2^y inches (55 mm.) ; length from front of orbit to tip of muzzle 2^ (57 mm.); do. from back of orbit to same 3-^^ inches (87 mm.). The range includes southern Angola. The two races are distinguished as follows : — A. Colour duller ; under-parts white M. d. damarensis. B. Colour brighter ; under-parts buiBsh cinnamon M. d. variani A.— Madoqua damarensis damarensis. Typical locality Damaraland. General colour-tone dull ; under-parts white. 79.12.25.1. Skull and skin, female. Omaruru, Damara- land. Type. Pttrchased, 1879. * Although Neumann does not actually use this name, he includes all the members of the kirki group of Thomas (P.Z.S. 1894) in Ehynchotragus. Lonnberg appears somewhat confused, as he includes damarensis in Madoqua and yet refers to it as a member of one of the groups of Bhynchotragus. t Described from a female specimen, which would be larger than a male skull. MADOQUINJi ISr B.— Madoqua damarensis variani. Bhyncbotragus damarensis variani, Drake-Brochman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xii, p. 481, 1913. Typical locality Lobito, Angola. General colour brighter ; pale buffish cinnamon of flanks extending on to chest and abdomen, instead of passing there into white ; grizzling of back and of bases of long crest-hairs darker. 13. 11. .5. 1. Skin. Lobito, Angola. Type. Presented txj H. F. Varian, Esq., 1913. 0. 11. 12. 1. Skin, young. Coporole Valley, Angola. Paratype. Presented hy G. W. Penrice, Esq., 1900. VIII. MADOQUA (EHYNCHOTEAGUS) CAVENDISHI. Madoqua cavendishi, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soo. 1898, p. 278 ; LydeiJcer, Great and Small Oame of Africa, p. 262, 1899. Ehynchotragus cavendishi, Lonnberg, ArTciv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 2, 1907. Madoqua (Ehynchotragus) oavendishi, Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 193, 1908. Madoqua langi, Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. vol. xxvi, p. 153, 1909; LydeJcker, Game Animals of Africa, Suppl. p. 10, 1911. Typical locality Lake Rudolf district. Typically the size fully as large as (if not larger than) that of M. damctrensis. Nasals broader than those of the latter, and also differing somewhat in shape ; nasal aperture large, wider and higher than in either damarensis or Idrld ; premaxillse not touching each other in the middle line above (as they do in type of damarensis), and reaching" posteriorly to nasals, with which they articulate broadly. General colour typically dark fawn (much darker than in damarensis) on anterior part of back, becoming greyer (by the loss of the fulvous suffusion) posteriorly, and passing into ashy grey on sides of buttocks ; shoulders, an ill-defined line on flanks, and fronts of legs sandy rufous ; hairs of crest suffused throughout with dull fulvous. For skull-dimensions, see below. 186 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES The species has been divided into the two following races : — A. Size large M.c. cavendishi. B. Size smaller M. c. minor. A.— Madoqua cavendishi cavendishi. Typical locality Lake Paidolf district. Size large. General characters those given under head of species. Basal length of immature male skull 4| inches Pig. 21. — Front and Side View of Skull and Hobns of Cavendish's DiK-DiK (Madoqxia [RhynchotragiisJ cavendishi). (103 • 5 mm.) ; maximum width 2^ inches (58 mm.) ; length from orbit to tip of premaxilla '2-fg inches (58 mm.).* 98. 4. 28. 4. Skull, retaining milk dentition, with horns, and skin. Lake Eiidolf district, British East Africa. Type. Presented hy H. S. H. Cavendish, Esq., 1898. 4. 6. 5. 3-4. Two skulls and .skins, female, one immature. * These dimensions are about equal to those of the tjpe adult female skull of M. damarensis. MADOQUIN/E 187 Lake Elmenteita district, British East Africa. Topo-types of M. langi. Presented by Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1904. 99. 2. 3. 1. Skin, mouated, and skull. Lanjoro, Athi Valley, British East Africa. Presented by the Lord Deluvwre, 1899. 2. 4. f). 6. Skull, female. Kedong Valley, British East Africa. Presented hy C. S. Betton, Esq., 1902. 2. 4. 5. 7. Skull, immature, female. Ngomini, British East Africa. Same history. 9. 6. 30. 1. Skull, with horns (fig. 21), and skin. Ituri Eorest, Congo. Presented hy G. G. Longden, Esq., 1909. B.— Madoqua cavendishi minor. Bhynohotragus cavendishi minor, Ldnnberg, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. ix, p. 65, 1912, K. Svenska Vet.-AJc. Handl. vol. xlviii, no. 5, p. 158, 1912. Typical locality Guaso-nyiro Valley, below Clianler's Ealls, British East Africa. Size considerably smaller than in typical race. General colour grizzled yellowish grey, with dark brown tips and l.iuffish yellow subterniinal rings to the hairs ; neck paler (less yellow) grey with whitish rings to hairs ; flanks less grizzled and paler than back ; hind part of buttocks and caudal region ashy grey ; under-parts suffused with huffish, but middle of belly, like inner sides of hind-legs, white ; legs and middle of face fulvous buff; sides of face paler; eye- mark conspicuous. Basal length of skull 3-}-^r^3f inches {92-94 mm.); maximum width 2-2-j^g (50-54 mm.); length of upper series of cheek-teeth about 1-| inches (34-35 mm.). 12. 11. 21. 1. Head, mounted. Guaso-nyiro Valley, east of Chanler's Falls, British East Africa. Presented hy F. C. Selous, Esq., 1912. 12. 11. 21. 2. Head-skin. Same locality. Same history. IX. MADOQUA (EHYNCHOTUAGUS) KIEKI. Neotragua kirki, GUnther, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1880, p. 17 ; TTiomas, ibid. 1885, p. 222 ; Johnston, Kilimanjaro, p. 355, 1860 ; Hunter, Willoughhy's Big Game of E. Africa, p. 290, 1889; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 166, 1891 ; Flower 188 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES and Lydeliker, Study of Mammals, p. 338, 1891; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 79, 1892; Lydehher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 215, 1893; Jackson, Big Game Shooting {Badminton Lihr.), vol. i, pp. 285 and 310, 1894; Matschie, Sdugeth. Deutsch- OstafriJca, p. 118, 1895. Madoqua kirki, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 328 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 83, 1895 ; Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 262, 1899 ; Drake-Brockman, Mamm. of Somali, p. 71, 1910 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 174, 1910. Rhynohotragus kirki, Lonnherg, Arkiv Zool. vol. iv. no. 3, p. 2, 1907 ; Drake-Brockman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 983. ^ladoqua (Rhynohotragus) kirki, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 192, 1908. Typical locality Brava, Italian Somaliland. Typically, at any rate, smaller than either of the two preceding species. Proboscis not excessively elongated, nor nasals excessively shortened ; tip of nasals about on level of front edge of anterior premolar, and separated by an interval of about 1^'g- inches (32 mm.), from tips of premaxillte ; nasal aperture of skull, as compared with that of cavendishi, small, and nasals narrower ; general colour ranging from coarsely .grizzled yellowish grey or greyish fawn to bright grizzled fulvous, with rufous on sides of neck ; limbs rufous, of varying intensity, or deep reddish fulvous. For skull- dimensions, see below, where the distinctive characteristics of the two races are given. The range extends from Somaliland to British East Africa and Kilimanjaro. Three races, distinguished as follows, have been de- scribed : — A. Size smaller M. k. kirki. B. Size larger. a. Colour darker M. k. hindei. h. Colour lighter M. k. nyikce. A. — Madoqua kirki kirki. Madoqua kirki typica, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 192, 1908. Typical locality Brava, Italian Somaliland. Size relatively small ; general colour of back dull yellowish grey ; limbs rufous, of varying shade. Basal MADOQUIN.'E 189 length of skull 3| inches (95 mm.), maximum width l-}f (48 • 5 mm.) ; length from muzzle to orbit 2 (50 mm.) ; do. to tip of nasals Ij inches (32 mm.). 79. 12. 18. 2. Head, mounted, and skull. Brava, Italian Somaliland. Type. Presented hij Sir John Kirk, G.G.M.G., K.C.B., 1879. 79. 12. 18. 1. Skull and skin, female. Same locality. Co-type. Purchased, 1879. 81. 9. 22. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Manda, Lamu, British East Africa. Purchased, 1881. 81. 9. 22. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality. Same history. Bil. 3. 9. 5. Skull, with horns. Lamu. Presented hy J. G. Haggard, Esq., 1887. 89. 8. 3. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Foot of Mount Kilimanjaro, East Africa. Presented hy H. G. V. Hunter, Esq., 1889. 89. 8. 3. 4. Skull, with horns, immature. Same locality. Same history. 99. 11. 18. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Kismayu, Jubaland, East Africa. Presented hy Major E. J. Harrison, 1899. • 13. 8. 2. 4-5. Two skulls and skins, male and female. Jubaland. Presented hy I. N. Braco-poli, Esq., 1913. B. — Madoqua kirki nyikse. Khyncliotragus kirki nyikas. Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 3, p. 3, 1913. Typical locality ISTdi, near Voi, British East Africa. Type in U.S. National Museum. Very similar to, but larger than, typical race, equalling in this respect hindei, from which it differs by its lighter colour; the back being ochre-tawny, passing into buff on flanks, and into white beneath. A vermiculation on back produced by dusky rings on the hairs. No specimen in the collection has been definitely referred to this race. 190 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES C— Madoqua kirki hindei. M adoqua kirki hindei, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. x, p. 242, 1902 ; Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 192, 1908. Rhynchotragus hindei, 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 89. Rhynchotragus kirki hindei, Lonnherg, ArJciv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 2, 1907. Typical locality Kitui district, British East Africa. Bather larger than the typical race. General colour more fulvous, especially the middle line of the back, which is bright grizzled fulvous ; legs deep reddish fulvous ; white eye-7narkings distinct ; long crest-hairs deep reddish fulvous, with black tips ; outer side of front margins of ears edged with black. Nasals more bent down and laterally com- pressed than in typical race, with a short articulation to upper ends of premaxillce. The following dimensions, in millimetres, are given by Thomas of the type female skull : — greatest length 109 ; zygomatic width 53 • 5 ; length from tip of muzzle to tip of nasals 34; nasals 18-7 X 16; muzzle to orbit 52-5; width of brain-case 43 • 7 ; muzzle to front of anterior premolar 24. 0. 9. 4. 2. Skull and skin, female. Kitui district, British East Africa. Type. Presented by S. L. Hinde, Esq., 1900. 98. 10. 28. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Machakos, British East Africa. Same donor, 1898. 98. 1. 5. 15. Skull, with horns, and skin. Tsavo Valley, Machakos. Same history. 10. 1. 15. 1-3. Three skulls, with horns, and skins. Tsavo, Taru Desert, British East Africa. Same donor, 1910. 10. 1. 15. 4. Skin. Same locality. Same history. 4. 2. 19. 1. Skin. North of Athi River, Ukamba, British East Africa. Presented hy Dr. R. E. Drake-Brockman, 1904. 4. 6. 5. 5. Skin, female. Simba Valley, British East Africa. Presented hy Sir F. J. Jackson, K.G.M.G., C.B., 1904. 4. 6. 5. 6. Skull and skin, immature. Same locality. Same history. ^lADOQUIN^E 191 X. MADOQUA (EHYNCHOTRAGUS) THOMASI. Rhynchotragus thomaai, 0. Neumann, Situher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 89 ; Lonnherg, ArHv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 2, 1907. Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) thomasi, Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 192, 1908. Typical locality Uniamwesi district, to tlie south of the Victoria Nyanza ; the range also extending into Masailand. Type in the collection of Dr. 0. Neumann. Described as being closely related to M. kirhl hindei, but distinguished by the more uniformly rufous tawny of the whole of the upper-parts ; only the middle line of the back being dark rufous in the latter, while the sides are olive or fulvous. Hairs of back ringed near tips with red and black ; but the black disappearing on the sides, so that hairs of shoulders and flanks are wholly rufous ; head also uniformly rufous, except on occiput, where black-tipped hairs make their appearance. Of this duiker, which may be only a race of Jdrki, there are no specimens in the collection. XL MADOQUA (EHYNCHOTEAGUS) GUENTHEEI. j\Iadoqua guentheri, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Sac. 1894, p. 324, 1900, p. 804 ; Hoyos, Zu den Aulihan, p. 185, 1895 ; Swayne, Seventeen Trips to Somaliland, p. 318, 1695 ; Thomas and Sclater, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 89, pi. xxxi, fig. 1, 1895; Elliot, Field Mus. Zool. Pub. vol. i, p. 117, 1897 ; Lydehher, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 262, 1899 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 172, 1910. Rhynchotragus guentheri, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 88 ; Lonnherg, Arhiv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 2, 1907 ; Draite-Brochman, Mamm. of Somali, p. 72, 1910, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 982. Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) guentheri, Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 193, 1908. Typical locality Ogaden, Somaliland. The type of Rhynchotragus. Typically, the size of M. Idrki, with the proboscis much elongated and the nasals extremely short ; tip of nasals about on level with hind margin of penultimate premolar, and separated by an interval of about If inches (41 mm.) from 192 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES the tip of the premaxillee ; the latter bones short and widely separated from nasals (with which they articulate in M. kirki hindei) ; general colour, in typical race, coarsely grizzled greyish fawn, much as in Kilimanjaro examples of M. kirki ; no rufous on flanks, and tliat on limbs very dull ; crest much mingled with black ; backs of ears greyish fawn. For skull- measurements, see below. The range of the species extends from Somaliland and ■Gallaland to British East Africa. The three races are distinguished as follows : — A. Size relatively small. ». Under-parts pale pinkish buff M. g. guentheri. h. Under-parts white M. g. loroughioni. B. Size considerably larger M. g. smithi. The third race presents much the same relation to the first as is borne by M. cavendishi to M. kirki. A.— Madoqua guentheri g-uentheri. Typical locality Ogaden, Somaliland. Size relatively small. Colour as described above. Basal length of skull .3-j-|- inches (96 mm.),* maximum width 2| (53 mm.), length from muzzle to orbit 2-^^ (51 mm.), do. from tip of nasals to tip of premaxillae If inches (41'5 mm.). 94. 2. 21. 18. Skull, female. Central Ogaden, Somali- land ; collected by Lieut.-Col. H. G-. C. Swayne. Type. Presented hy Dr. P. L. Sclater, 1894. 94.2.21.16-17. Two skins. Same locality and collector. Same history. 86. 11. 19. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Central .Somaliland. Presmited ly E. Lort Phillips, Esq., 1886. 96. 10. 8. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kurrimangi, Somaliland. Presented hy Capt. G. L. F. Leathes, 1896. 96. 10. 8. 5. Skull and skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 99. 12. 28. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Wardare, Somaliland. Presented hy C. V. A. Peel, Esq., 1899. * Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1900, p. 804 : smaller dimensions are •given in the Book of Antelopes. MADOQUIN.E 193 99. 12. 28. 2. Skull and skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 96. 6. 23. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Somaliland. Presented hij Major P. H. G. Powell-Cotton, 1896. 96. 6. 23. 1. Skin, female, mounted. Same locality. Same history. 4 5. 9. 3. Skull and skin, female. Gerbergi, Somali- land. Presented hy Major H. N. Dunn, 1904. 6. 9. 1. 40—42. Three skulls and skin, female, one immature. Dawa Valley, British East Africa. Presented hy Dr. li. JE. Drake- Brochman, 1906. 11. 8. 2. 42-47. Six imperfect skins. Mogadishu, Italian Somaliland. Same donor, 1911. 0. 3. 17. 26. Skull, with horns. No locality. Presented hy the Lord Delamere, 1900. 95. 10. 13. 1. Skull, with horns. Jug Fafan, south- western central Somaliland. Presented hy Dr. R. B. Christie, 1895. B. — Madoqua g-uentherl wroughtoni. Ehynchotragus guenlheri wroughtoni, Dralce-Brockman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. iv, p. 51, 1909, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 984 ; Lonnberg, K. Svenslca Vet.-Ak. Handl. vol. xlviii, no. 5, p. 155, 1912. Typical locality Webi Valley, Gallaland. Size approximately that of typical race, but general colour dark grizzled yellowish, fading only slightly as it extends on to shoulders, flanks, and haunches, although ending abruptly on under-parts, where the chest and abdomen are white, instead of the grizzled area fading somewhat gradually into the pale pinkish buff of the chest and abdomen as in M. g. guentheri; crest, muzzle, and legs rather darker than in latter ; ears broader and larger than in any other duiker except M. cavendishi, to which this race presents a superficial resemblance. Basal length of skull 3| inches (95 mm.); maximum width 2| inches (55 mm.). 9. 6. 1. 39. Skull, with horns, and skin. Mount Abu-el- Kassim, north bank of Webi Eiver, Gallaland. Type. Presented hy Dr. R. E. Dralcc-BrocTtman, 1909. n. 194 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 0. 3. 27. 27. Skull, with horns, and skin. Layer Valley, near Gewinia, British East Africa. Presented by the Lord Dclamere, 1900. 0. 3. 27. 24. Skull and (?) skin, immature Same locality. Same histonj. C— Madoqua guentheri smithi. Madoqua guentheri smithi, Thomas, Froc. Zool. Soc. 1900, p. 804 ; LydeMer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 194, 1908. Ehynchotragus guentheri smithi, Lonnherg, Arhiv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 2, 1907. Typical locality Lake Stephanie district. Known by the skull and head-skin, the former of which is much larger and stouter than that of the typical race ; basal length 4.^ inches (102 ■ 5 mm.) ; maximum width 2^g (59 mm.) ; length from tip of premaxillas to orbit 2^g inches (59 mm.). 0. 11. 7. 13. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. South- east of Lake Stephanie. Type. Presented hy Dr. Doncddson Smith, 1900. XII. MADOQUA (EHYNCHOTEAGUS) NASOGUTTATA. Madoqua (Bhynchotragus) nasoguttatus, Lonnherg, Arhiv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 1, 1907. Madoqua (Ehynchotragus) nasoguttata, LydeKker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 194, 1908. Ehynchotragus nasoguttatus, Lonnherg, Arhiv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 7, 1907 ; Drahe-Brochman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 978. Typical locality Lake Baringo district, British East Africa. [NTearly allied to M. guentheri, but with still shorter nasals (12 X 14 mm.); upper row of cheek-teeth relatively long, measuring 37 mm., or the same as in the much larger M. cj. smithi (the corresponding measurement in typical guentheri being 33 mm.). General colour grizzled grey; face pale rufous, brighter on forehead, profusely spotted on lower half A\'ith white. Drake-Brockman {loc. cit.) suggested, from the analogy of M. kirki, that the white nose-spots, on which this MADOQ.UIN^ 195 species was founded, might prove to be inconsLant ; but the under-mentioned specimens tend to indicate their constancy. 10. 12. 19. 83-84. Two skulls, with horns, and skins. Lake Baringo district ; collected by Mr. K. Kemp. Presented hy C. B. Rudd, Esq., 1910. 10. 12. 19. 85-86. Two skulls and skins, female, one immature. Same locality and collector. Same history. II. Genus DORCOTRAGUS. Dorcotragus, Noack, Zool. Anz. 1894, p. 202 ; Elliot, Field Mus. Zool. Puh. vol. i, p. 135, 1897 ; Sclaier and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. iii, p. 241, 1898 ; Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 878. Dorcatragus, Trouessart, Cat. Mavim. vol. ii, p. 949, 1898, et auc- forum alterum. Size somewhat larger than in Madoqua ; females apparently not bigger than males ; muzzle normal, with a small naked area ; crown of head not tufted ; ears very large ; no face- glands ; tail short ; hoofs short with pads on supporting surface ; minute lateral hoofs present ; heel- tie in the form of a double fold, of which the front one projects as a kind of ridge ; horns of males longer than skull. Skull short and broad, with relatively short nasals and long premaxillse, small and shallow lachrymal pits, and inflated auditory bullffi. The distribution is restricted to the mountains of Somali - land and part of Abyssinia. Placed by Sclater and Thomas in the Aniilopinw, this genus was associated with Madoqua as a separate subfamil}- in 1910 by Pocock, who considers that the foot-glands are essentially of the dik-dik type. A superficial resemblance of the feet of the beira to those of goats and sheep is an adaptation to a mountain life. DOECOTEAGUS MEGALOTIS. Oreotragus megalotis, Menges, Zool. Anz. 1894, p. 131. Dorcotragus megalotis, Noach, Zool. Anz. 1894, p. 202 ; Elliot, Field Mus. Zool. Puh. vol. i, p. 135, 1897 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. iii, p. 241, pi. Ixxv, 1898 ; Lydehher, .Great and Small Oame of Africa, p. 377, 1899, Oame Animals 2 196 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES of Africa, p. 278, 1908 ; de Poncins, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 377, 1899 ; Eothschild, Poiuell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 474, 1902 ; PococJc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 878. Dorcatragus megalotis, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 949, 1894; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 169, 1910; Dralce- Brochman, Mamm. of Somali, p. 65, 1910. Beiea, or Baiea. Typical locality Somaliland, to which country, togethei- with part of Abyssinia, the species is confined. Size approximately that of a grysbok ; shoulder-height about 20 inches. General colour purplish grey grizzled with Pig. 22.- -Pbont and Side Views op Skull and Hoens op THE Beiea (Dorcatragus megalotis). white, which forms the extreme tips of the hairs ; a narrow dark flank-band separating the grey area from the yellowish or orange fawn of under-parts, which extends on to outer surfaces of thighs and upper part of legs, the remainder of the latter being darker fulvous ; head bright fulvous, in MADOQUIN.i: 197 marked contrast to the grey of the neck, with a white ring round each eye ; tail coloured throughout like back. Basal lengtli of skull 4| inches (111 mm.), maximum width 3|- (85 mm.), length from muzzle to orbit 3^ inches (82 mm.). 94. 9. 27. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Somaliland ; collected by Herr J. Menges. Purchased, 1894. 94. 9. 27. 2. Skull and skin, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 94. 4. 14. 1-2. Two skins and frontlet, with horns. Same locality and collector. Same history. 7. 4. 19. 1. Head, mounted, female. Somaliland. Presented by F. M. Eansford, Usq. 99. 2. 11. 6. Skull, with horns. North Somaliland. Presented hy the Lord Delamere, 1899. 0. 3. 27. 30. Skull, with horns (fig. 22). Adadleh, Somaliland. Same donor, 1900 99. 7. 8. 7. Skull and skin, female. Same locality. Same donor, 1899. 6. 5. 4. 16. Skull and skin, female. Waggar Mountains, Somaliland. Presented hy Dr. R. E. Drake-Broehman, 1906. 6. 5. 4. 17. Skin, female. Same locality. Savic history. 6. 5. 4. 18. Skin, female. Sheitch, Somaliland. Same history. 6. 5. 4. 19. Skull and skin, immature. Near Sogsodi, Somaliland. Same history. 11.8.2.56. Skull, with horns. Golis Eange, Somaliland. Same donor, 1911. 12. 12. 91. 1. Skull and skin, female. Berbera, Somali- land. Presented iy Arnold Hodson, Esq., 1912. Subfamily x.— REDUNCIN^. Large or inedium-sized antelopes, with horns only in the males, which are ridged, and usually curved and distinctly heteronymous, but may form simple spikes. Muzzle naked ; face-glands rudimentary or wanting, but the lachrymal depression in the skull always absent ; inguinal glands present or absent ; foot-glands wanting except in Pelea ; two pairs of teats ; false hoofs well developed ; main hoofs united almost throughout their basal length by an interungual band 198 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES of bare integument, extending forwards from tlie " heels " ; * no metatarsal glands ; tail moderate. Although smooth in front of the orbits, owing to the absence of a depression in the lachrymal, the sliuU has a pair of deep pits in the frontals, generally lachrymal vacuities, the auditory bullae large and inflated, and normal premaxillse and nasals. The crowns of the second pair of incisors ha^-e expanded summits ; the upper molars are relatively narrow, without an inner accessory column, except in the first of the series. When large, the horns, which are strongly ridged, except at the tips, are frequently directed backwards at the base, and then curve upwards and forwards at the tips, but they may have a sublyrate, sigmoid curvature. At the present day the group is restricted to Ethiopian Africa, but during the Pliocene it existed in India and other parts of Asia. Pocock t remarks that the members of this subfamily differ markedly from the Neotragincc [and MadoquincB] " in the structure of the feet, since they entirely lack the deep and long interdigital cleft on the front of the pastern. . . With the exception of the Indian genera of Tragdaphince, the preorbital gland is absent in that group ; and in the Cervicapriiice [= Eeduncmm] it is at most represented by integumental thickening. In both groups, and in no other subfamilies of Bovidcc, two pairs of inguinal pouches have been recorded. More significant still is the fact that the structure of the feet, whether pedal glands be present or absent, is the same in the Cervicaprinm as in the Tragelaphinw. Corroborating these characters are the presence of two pairs of mamm£e and a moderate or large rhinarium [muffle], to which may be added the invariable absence of horns in the females of Cervicaprince and in [those of] most genera of TragelaphinoB." The subfamily may be divided into the following genera : — A. Horns small and spike-like ; summit of muffle swollen, glandular, and extending beyond posterior notch of nostrils; no face- glands; foot-glands in both pairs of limbs Pelea. * See page 172. t Proc. Zool. Soc. 1010, p. 917. KEDUNCIN.E 199 B. Horns large and curved; muffle usually nonnal, not extending beyond notch of nostrils ; foot-glands represented, at most, by the duct. a. A bare patch below ear ; no face-glands ; one or two pairs of inguinal glands ; tail bushy (as in Pelea) Bedunca. h. No bare subaurioular patch ; rudimentary face- glands ; inguinal glands absent or represented by a single pair of pouches; tail tufted Kobus. I. Genus PELEA. Pelea, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 126 ; Sclater and Thomas, BooJt of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 187, 1897 ; Riltimeyer, Abh. schweiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 67, 1877 ; PococTc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 911. Size relatively small ; build light, and horns of male in the form of nearly vertical spikes ; muffle large, swollen and glandular at summit, and extending beyond posterior notch of nostrils ; no face-glands or bare patch below ear ; tail bushy ; foot-glands present in all four limbs, opening by a short duct with a small orifice on front of pasterns above hoofs ; no inguinal glands ; coat somewhat woolly. Skull with relatively large lachrymal vacuities, relatively small auditory buUse, and premaxillse not reaching nasals. The distribution of the single species is restricted to South Africa. PELEA CAPEEOLUS. Antilope capreolus, Bechsfein, Uebersicht vierfiiss. Thiere, vol. i, p. 98, 1799, vol. ii, p. 646, 1800 ; Thunberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. vol. iii, p. 312, 1811; Afnelius, Nova Acta Soc. XJpsal. vol. vii, pp. 251 and 262, 1815 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Saugthiere, vol. v, p. 1232, 1818; Scliinz, Cuvier's Thierreich, vol. i, p. 393, 1821, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 410, 1845, Mon. Antilop. p. 14, pi. xiii, 1848 ; Desmarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 461, 1822 ; Lichtensfein, Darstellung. Sdugeth. pi. viii, 1827 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm.. p. 377, 1827, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 291, 1836 ; /. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 467, 1829; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 77, 1832; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 38, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 634, 1868 ; Oken, Allgemeine Naturgeschichte, vol. vii, p. 1364, 1838; Forster, Descrip. Anim. p. 392, 1844; Wagner, Schreber's Saugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 428, 1844, vol. v, p. 430, 1855; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 315, 1855. Antilope (Gazella) capreolus, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 174, 1814. Cemas capreolus, Oken, Lehrbuch Naturgeschichte , vol. iii, pt. 2, p. 740, 1816. 200 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Antilope lanata, Desmoulins, Diet. Glass. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 445, 1822 ; Laurillard, Did. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 623, 1841. Antilope villosa, Burchell, Travels in S. Africa, vol. ii, p. 302, 1824, List Mamm. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 5, 1825 ; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 251, 1827; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 290, 1836, Nouv. Tahl. Begne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842 ; Oervais, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. i, p. 262, 1840. Antilope (Bedunca) villosa, H. Smith, Ch-ifflth's Animal Kingdom, vol. V, p. 339, 1827. Eedunca capreolus, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 107, 1834; Harris, Wild Animals of S. Africa, p. 138, pi. xxv, fig. 1, 1840 ; Fitzinger, Sitzher. h. Als. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 169, 1869. Eleotragus villosus, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 165, 1843. Cervioapra capreolus, Sundevall, K. SvensTta Vet. -Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 193, 1846. Eleotragus capreolus. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846, List Osteal. Brit. Mus. p. 57, 1847, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 12, 1850 ; Blyth, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, p. 168, 1863. Eleotragus (Pelea) capreolus, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 126, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 144, 1851. Pelea capreolus,* Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 90, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 29, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 99, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 238, 1862 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, pp. 125 and 297, 1889 ; Flower and LydeJclcer, Study of Mammals, p. 339, 1891 ; Ward, Eecords of Big Game, p. 85, 1892, ed. 6, p. 213, 1910; Nieolls and Fglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 33, 1892 ; Lydelcker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 220, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 319, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 237, 1908 ; Lorenz, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, vol. ix, Notizen, p. 60, 1894 ; Eendall, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 360 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 189, pi. xlvi, 1897; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 200, 1900 ; Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 911. Calotragus capreolus, Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1853. Vaal Rhebok. Typical locality Cape Colony. Size relatively small — shoulder-height about 29 or 30 inches ; build comparatively slender and delicate ; coat soft and somewhat woolly, although not very thick ; ears long and narrow. General colour dull pale French grey, tending to fawn on head and limbs, the front of the lower segments of the latter being slightly darker ; a distinct blackish patch on chin ; under-parts scarcely paler than back ; tail, which is somewhat bushy, reaching to about the level of the groin, fawn-grey above at and near the base, white at the tip and * The name is not infrequently given as P. capreola. KEDUNCI^f.F, 201 "below. Horns slender, rising nearly vertically, with a slight forward inclination; in good specimens the length ranges from 8 to Hi inches, the girth from 2 to 2|- inches, and the tip-to-tip interval from 2 to 6| inches. Basal length of skviU about "7^ inches (190 mm.), maximum width 4 inches Fig. 23. — Skull akd Hoeks of the Vaal Ehbeok {Pelea capri (101 mm.), interval between orbit and muzzle 5 inches (126 mm.). The distribution is confined to the area south of the Zambesi. 81. 5. 11. 1. Skin, mounted. South Africa. Presented hy JR. G. Breakes, Esq., 1881. 629, a. Skull, imperfect. Zoetmilks Valley, Swellendam, Cape Colony. Co-type of Antilope villosa. Presented hy Dr. W. J. Purchell, about 1817. 44, a. Skin, female (formerly mounted). Mossel Bay, South Africa. Co-type of A. villosa. Same history. 202 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 44, 0. Skin, female, mounted. South Africa. iVb history. 629, h. Skull, female. South Africa. JVo history. 67. 4. 12. 222. Skall, with horns (fig. 23). South Africa. Lidth cle Jeude Collection, imrchas&A, 1867. 3. 3. 6. 31. Immature specimen in spirit. Deelfontein, Cape Colony ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hij Lieut.~Col. A. T. Sloggett, C.M.G., 1903. 2. 12. 1. 37. Skin and imperfect skull, female. Same locality and collector. Same donor, 1902. 2. 12. 1. 36. Skin and skull, immature female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 3. 1. 4. 61. Skin, immature female. Same locality and collector. Same donor, 1903. 12. 7. 17. 1. Skin, female. Shaba Tsuen, Basutoland. Presented hy W. Bosivorth Smith, Esq., 1912. 2. 2. 8. 5. Skin. Ladysmith, Natal. Presented hy Lieut.-Col. Sir David Bruce, K.G.B., 1902. 37. 4. 28. 2. 'skin. Cape of Good Hope. J. Goidd Collection, purchased, 1837. 60. 7. 22. 1. Skin. Locality unknown. Purchased {Zoologiecd Society), 1860. 60. 7. 22. 18. Skeleton, female. Locality unknown. Same history. IL Genus RE DUN C A. Cervicapra, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 155, 1897 ; PococTt, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 913 ; nee Sparrman, 1780.* Eedunca, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. v, p. 337, 1827, as a subgenus. Nagor, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. voL i, p. 621, 1841,t as a, subgenus. Oreodoroas, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 13, 1912. Size medium; build relatively light. Horns of male medium in length, curving regularly upwards and outwards, and in some cases forwards or inwards at tips ; mufHe * See Palmer, Index Oen. Mamm. p. 173, 1904, where it is stated that Antilope cervicapra should be regarded as the type of Cervicapra, Sparrman. t For the date of this work see Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. vii, p. 350, 1899. ItEDUNClN.E 20;> typically normal, not extending beyond posterior notcli of nostrils ; no face-glands, but a bare, and probably glandular, patch of skin below each ear ; tail bushy ; foot-glands repre- sented, at most, by the duct of the glands existing in Pdca ; one or two pairs of inguinal glands ; coat hairy ; skull light, with large lachrymal vacuities, small auditory buUfe, and the premaxillffi not reaching the nasals. The distribution is practically co-extensive with that of the subfamily. The two subgenera may be distinguished as follows : — A. Muffle extending beyond notcli of nostrils ; one pair of inguinal glands Eleotragus. B. Muffle normal ; two pairs of inguinal glands Bedunca. The following is a " key " to the species : — A. Colour tending to grey, distinctly grizzled ; head and neck more fulvous, tail very bushy. a. Size small, colour rich, with a rufous tinge, skull broad, horns slightly hooked at tips, muffle normal B. fulvomfula. h. Size large, colour paler, with a fulvous tinge, skull narrow, horns more hooked at tips, muffle extending beyond notch of nos- trils jB. arundinum. B. Colour yellower and less grizzled, head and neck like body, tail less bushy. Size medium or small, horns, as a rule, abruptly hooked at tips B. redunca 1. Subgenus ELEOTRAGUS. Eleotragus, (rray, List Mamm. Brit, Mus. p. 165, 1843. Muffle inflated and extending beyond line of posterior notches of nostrils; a single pair of large inguinal glands -opening forwards along sides of abdomen, away from teats.* I. EEDUNCA (ELEOTEAGUS) ARUNDINUM. Antilope arundinum, Boddaert, Elenchus Anim. p. 145, 1785. Antilope eleotragus, Schreber, Sdugthiere, pi. cclxvi, 1785 ; Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 349, 1801 ; Cuvier, Diet. Sei, Nat. vol. ii, p. 244, 1804 ; Thunberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. vol. ill, * For the characters of the inguinal glands in the two groups the writer is indebted to Mr. Pocock. 204 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES p. 314, 1811 ; Liohtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 173, 1814 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta. Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 220, 1815 ; Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. ii, p. 190, 1816, Mamm. vol. ii, p. 459, 1822 ; Ooldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. y, p. 1225, 1818; Schinz, Cuvier's Thierreich, p. 395, 1821, SynoiJ. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 410, 1845 ; Burchell, List Quadr. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 6, 1825; H. Smith. Griffith's Animal Kingdom. vol. iv, p. 237, 1827; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 376, 1827, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 290, 1836; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 465, 1829 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 38, Anat. Vertc- hrates, vol. iii, p. 634, 1868 ; Oken, Allgemeine Naturgesch. vol. vii, p. 1364, 1838; Laurillard, Did. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. ii, p. 621, 1841 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 266, 1844, vol. v, p. 431, 1855; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 315, 1855. Antilope coerulescens, LinJi, Beytrdge Naturgesch. vol. ii, p. 99, 1799. Antilope oreotragus, Bechsiein, TJebersicht vierfilss. Thiers, vol. i, p. 80, 1799, neo Schreber. Antilope arundinaoeus, Bechstein, op. cit. p. 81, 1799, vol. ii, p. 644, 1800 ; Shaiv, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, p. 347, 1801 ; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 485, 1887. Antilope einerea, Bechstein, op. cit. vol. ii, p. 643, 1800 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 250, 1815. Antilope isabellina, Afzelius, op. cit. p. 250, 1815 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1226, 1818 ; Desmarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 260, 1822 ; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. i^', p. 240, vol. V, p. 338, 1827; Lichtenstein, Darstellung. Sdugeth. pi. X, 1827 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 76, 1832 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. i, p. 411, 1845, Mon. Antilop. p. 15, pi. xv, 1848 ; Peters, Seise nach Mossambique, Sdugeth. p. 189, 1852. Cerophorus (Cervicapra) eleotragus, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75. Cemas arundinacea, Olten, Lehrbuch Naturgeschichte, vol. iii, pt. 2, p. 740, 1816. Antilope oleotragus, Desmoulins, Diet. Glass. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 446, 1822 ; Gervais, Diet. Sei. Nat. vol. i, p. 261, 1840 ; Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. Eigne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842. Antilope (Eedunca) eleotragus, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. V, p. 337, 1827. Eedunca eleotragus, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 210, 1834; Biippell, Verzeiehniss Mus. Senchenberg, pt. 1, p. 38, 1842. Redunca isabellina, A, Smith, S. African Quart. Joiirn. vol. ii, p. 210, 1834. Eleotragus isabellinus. Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. -p. 165, 1843; Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1858; Jentinh, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 159, 1892. Eleotragus reduncus. Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 165, 1843, nee Antilope redunoa, Pallas. Cervicapra isabellina, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 194, 1846 ; Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 144, 1883. Eleotragus arundinaceus. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 144, 1851, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 57, 1847, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 12, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. EEDUNCINJi: 205 1850, p. 126, Cat. TJngtdata Brit. Mus. p. 91, 1852, Cat. Rumi- nants Brit. Mus. p. 18, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 88, 1873 ; Qcrrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 138, 1862 ; Kirlc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 657 ; Drummond, Large Game ojF S. Africa, p. 397, 1875 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 297, 1887 ; Bocage, J. 8oi. Lisboa, ser. 2, vol. v, p. 28, 1890. Reduncaisabellma,Dar. multiannulata, caffra, and algoensis, Fiizinger,- Sitzher. h. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 169, 1869. Cervioapra arundinacea, Selous, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 758, A Hunter's Wanderings in 8. Africa, p. 216, 1881 ; Crawshay, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 653; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 164, 1891 ; Lorenz, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, vol. ix, Notizen, p. 61, 1894. Eleotragus eleotragus, JentinTc, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. ix, p. 172, 1887. Cervicapra aruudinum. Flower and Lydelther, Study of Mammals, p. 840, 1891 ; Ward, Records of Big Came, p. 93, 1892, ed. 6, p. 215, 1910; Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 36, 1892 ; Lydehher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 227, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 305, 1899, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 555, Field, vol. cviii, p. 778, 1906, Game Animals of Africa, p. 223, 1908 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 728 ; Thomas, ibid. 1894, p. 146 ; Rendall, ibid. 1895, p. 358 ; Matschie, Sdugethiere Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 127, 1895; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 157, pi. xliii, 1897 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 194, 1900 ; Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 913 ; Letcher, Big Game N.F. Rhodesia, p. 198, 1911 ; Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 289, 1913 ; Hamilton, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1913, p. 537. Cervicapra tliomasinaB, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1900, p. 429, pi. xxvi ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. iv, p. 227, 1900. Redunca aruudinum, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm., Suppl. p. 721, 1905 j Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. v. no. 10, p. 5, 1909. Redunca thomasinae, Trouessart, loc. cit. 1905. RiBTBOK, or Reedbuck. Type of Eleotragus. Typical locality Cape Colony. Size large, the shoulder-height being about 36 inches, and the length of the skull llyg- inches (290 mm.). Skull narrow across orbits, with long rostrum — length 5^ inches (164 mm.) — and small orbits. General colour light greyish fawn, strongly but finely grizzled with brown, and having a more or less fulvous tinge, which becomes pronounced on the head and neck, so as to cause a marked contrast between their tint and that of the body ; occasionally a brown patch on muzzle or crown ; chin and under-parts white ; back of ears pale fawn, without black tips ; a whitish patch at base of ears round the subauricular bare area, the latter clothed in 206 CATALOOUE OF UNGULATES young animals with short, velvety, white hairs ; fore-legs generally hlack in front from knees to hoofs, fawn on outer and white on inner surface ; hind-limbs frequently with similar black markings on lower part of shanks ; tail thick, bushy, and reaching half-way to hocks, with the root and upper surface fawn, and the tip and under side white. Horns relatively long, with a moderate but not abrupt hook-like curvature at tips ; the growing pad at their bases persistent throughout life as a soft, rounded swelling. Good horns range from 15 to 17^ (18, it is stated in one instance) inches in length, and from 5 to 6^ (in one case 7^) inches in girth, with a tip-to-tip interval of from 9^ to 20i inches. Basal length of skull about 10^ inches (259 mm.), maximum width 4| inches (120 mm.), interval between muzzle and orbit 6^ inches (158 mm.). The French-grey form from Nyasaland described as Cervicapra thomasinm seems to be merely an excessive development of the greyness characteristic of this species, and is probably restricted to individuals sprung from a single parent stock. The resemblance in colour of this phase to Fdea is very notable. The range extends from South Africa to the Bahr-el- Ghazal on the eastern side of the continent, and as far north as Angola on the west. The following two closely allied races are recognised : — A. Head and neck fulvous ; bodj', limbs and tail greyish fawn B. a. arundinum. B. Head and neck greyer fulvous ; body, limbs, and tail rusty grey B. a. Occident alis. A.— Redunca arundinum arundinum. Typical locality Cape Colony, whence the range extends (exclusive of Northern Rhodesia and the Bangweolo Flats) to the Bahr-el-Ghazal, where it overlaps that of R. redunca boJior. General characters those of the species. 46. 3. 23. 31. Skull, with horns, and skin. South Africa. Purchased (Williams), 1846. 46. 3. 23. 35. Skull and skin, female. South Africa. Same histonj. REDUNCIN^ 207 60, i. Skin, immature female. Lowu Kowi Valley, South Africa. Presented hj Dr. W. J. BurcheU, ahoui 1817. 630, c (60, a). Skull, with horns. Eeitfontein, South Africa. Described by Hamilton-Smith as Antilojx redunca. Same Mistory. 58. 11. 20. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Locality unknown. Purchased {Zoological Society), 1858. .Fig. 24. — Hbad of Eeedeuck (Bedvnca lEleotragus'] anmdinum). 48. 7. 11. 2. Horns. South Africa. Purchased {Argent), 1848. 53. 10. 6. 3. Skull, with horns. South Africa. Same history. 82. 1. 27. 2. Skull, with horns. Collected by Sir John Kirk, G.C.M.G. ; locality unknown. Purchased, 1881. 630, j. Skull and skin, female. Locality unknown. Purchased {Zoological Society). 93. 4. 10. 6. Skull, with horns. Mashonaland; collected by H. Barber, Esq. Purchetsed, 1893. 208 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 46. 4. 2. 10. Frontlet, with horns. South Africa. Purchased (Williams), 1846. 10. 4. 10. 1. SlvuU, with horns. Portuguese East Africa. In this specimen, which stands fourth in Ward's list, the horns measure 16^ inches in length, with a girth of 5|, and a tip-to-tip interval of 14^ inches. Presented hy J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1910. 97. 11. 21. 1. Head, mounted (fig. 24). South Africa. Same donor, 1897. 94. 3. 7. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Palombi Valley, Lake Shirwa, Nyasaland. Presented by ,Sir H. H. Johnston, G.G.M.G., ICG.B., 1894. 94. 3. 8. 13-14. Two skins, female, one immature. Lake Mweru district ; collected hy Sir Alfi'ed Sharpe, K.C.M.G. Purchased, 1894. 94. 3. 8. 16. Skull, imperfect, with horns. Same locality and collector. Same history. 95. 7. 22. 5. Skull, with horns. Zomba, iSTyasaland. Presented ly Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.G.M.G., G.B., 1895. 93. 7. 25. 8. Skull, with horns. Between Lakes Nyasa and Tankanyika ; collected hy E. Crawshay, Esq. Purchased, 1893. 94. 4. 3. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Lower 'Um- volosi Valley, Zululand. Presented by the Ghristiania Museum, 1894. 97. 3. 15. 1. Head, mounted, and skull. Lunyena Valley, Henga, western Nyasaland. Presented by R. Crawshay, JEsq., 1897. 0. 11. 18. 6. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Angoni- land. Presented by Sir A. Sharpe, K.G.M.G., G.B., 1900. 2. 12. 1. 38. Skull and skin, immature female. Deel- fontein. Cape Colony ; collected hy Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented by Lieut.-Gol. A. T. Slogejett, G.M.G., 1902. 2. 12. 1. 39. Skull and skin, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 6. 11. 8. 150-151. Two skulls, with horns, and skins. Coguno, Inhambane ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented by G. D. Riidd, Esq., 1906. 6. 11. 8. 152. Skull and skin, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. EEDUNCIN'^ 209 5. 12. 9. 84-85. Two skulls, with horns, and head-skins, immature. Klein Letaba, N. E. Transvaal ; same collector. Saine donor, 1905. 4. 12. 3. 105. Skull, with horns, and skin. Umvolosi Valley, Zululand ; same collector. Same donor, 1904. 4. 12. 3. 104. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. ]\latwa district, Zululand ; same collector. Same history. 4. 12. 3. 103. Skull and skin. Same locality and col- lector. Same history. 7. 6. 2. 104-105. Two young skulls and head-skins. Masembete, 25 miles N.W. of Beira, Portuguese East Africa; same collector. Same donor, 1907. 8. 1. 1. 127. Skull, with horns, and skin. Gorongoza, Portuguese East Africa ; same collector. Same donor, 1908. 8. 2. 14. 5. Skull, with horns, immature. Diampwe Valley, southern Angoniland. Presented by C. B. C. Storey, Esq., 1908. 8. 2. 14. 16. Skull, with horns. Hewe Valley, a tributary of the Lwave. Same history. 8. 2. 14. 7. Skull, with horns. Paikuru, Lake ISTderendere. Same history. 8. 2. 14. 8. Skull, with horns, immature. Same locality. Same history. 13. 2. 12. 1. Frontlet and horns. Mpimbe, Upper Shiri Valley, Xyasaland ; collected by Col. F. C. TroUope. Figured in The Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 163. Length of horns 17, tip-to-tip interval 19^ inches. Presented hy Messrs. W. and E. TroUope, 1913. 6. 10. 20. 2. Head, mounted. Twenty-five miles KE. of Wau, Bahr-el-Ghazal, lat. 85° 25' K Eeferred to by present writer in the Field, vol. cviii, p. 778, 1906, and by Blaine in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 288, 1913. Presented iy Capt. P. E. Vaughan, 1906. 13. 9. 5. 1-3. Three skulls, with horns. Nyasaland; shot by the donor, April, 1901. Presented hy Lieut.-Col. Manning, 1913. 2. 3. 29. 1. Skin, mounted. Songwi Valley, LakeNyasa. Type of Cervieapra thomasina\ which, as already mentioned, appears to be nothing more than a French-grey phase of the present species. Eight specimens of these pale grey reed- II. P 210 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES bucks were known when Dr. Sclater wrote, but it does not appear to be ascertained wlietlier they foim a colony by themselves, or wlrether they mingle with normally coloured animals like the Lorian white waterbucks. If the inheritance be Mendelian, the pale variety might be maintained without individuals of the aberrant type pairing together. Presented hy Mrs. E. S. Grogan, 1902. 9. 1. 17. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. The skin is very similar in colour to the preceding specimen. Mpila Valley, Lake Chinta, southern Nyasaland. Presented ly A. R. Andrew, Esq., 1909. B.— Redunca arundinum oceidentalis. Cervioapra arundineum oceidentalis, Mothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237. Typical locality neighbourhood of Fort Jackson, ISTortliern Ehodesia : also found on Bangweolo Flats. Type in Tring Museum. Differs from typical race by the paler and greyer tint of the fulvous of the head and neck, and the pale rusty grey of the limbs, tail, and body ; while the horns appear to be in most cases stouter and less curved. The following specimens are provisionally referred to this race, without prejudice in regard to its validity. 7. 1. 12. 3. Skull, with horns. Barotsiland, N.W. Eho- desia. Presented ly J. Powland Ward, Esq., 1907. 12. 3. 16. 3. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Lum- batwa Valley, east of Lake Bangweolo. Presented by the Hon. W. Guinness, 1912. ■2. Subgenus REDUNCA. Muffle normal ; two pairs of relatively small inguinal glands, opening forwards and outwards, and dipping inwards towards the teats. KEDrNCINiE 211 II. EEDUNCA REDUNCA. Antilope reversa, Pallas, Misc. Zool. p. 5, 1766, nee Capra reversa, Linn . Antilope redunca, Pallas, Spicil. Zool. fasc. i, p. 8, 1767, xii, p. 13, 1777; Midler, Natursyst., Suppl. p. 53, 1776; Brxlehen, Syst. Eegn. Anim. p. 281, 1777; Zimmermann, Spec. Zool. Geogr. p. 541, 1777, Geogr. Geschichte, vol. ii, p. 114, 1780, vol. iii, explanation to chart, p. 9, 1783 ; Gatterer, Brev. Zool. vol. i, p. 81, 1780 ; Hermann, Tahl. Affin. Anim. p. 108, 1783 ; Schreher, Sdugthiere, pi. cclxv, 1785; Boddaert, Elenchus Anim. p.' 141, 1785 ; Omelin, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 184, 1788 ; Kerr, Linn's Anim. Kingdom, p. 308, 1792; Donndorff, Zool. Bey- trdge, vol. i, p. 624, 1792; Linlt, Beytrdge Naturgesch. vol. ii, p. 98, 1795 ; Bechstein, Uebersicht vierfiiss. Thiere, vol. ii, p. 643, 1800 ; Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 360, 1801 ; Turton, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 112, 1802 ; Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. xv, p. 330, 1803, vol. xxiv, tabl. p. 32, 1804, ed. 2, vol. ii, p. 188, 1816, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 458, 1822 ; Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 243, 1804 ; Tiedemann, Zoologie, vol. i, p. 409, 1808 ; Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 170, 1814 ; G. Fischer, Zoognosia, vol. iii, p. 410, 1814 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 220, 1815 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1200, 1818 ; Schinz, Cuvier's Thierreich, vol. i, p. 395, 1821, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 425, 1845; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 238, 1827 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 375, 1827, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 290, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Begne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 464, 1829 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 38, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 364, 1868 ; Olcen, Allgemeine Naturgesch. vol. vii, p. 1385, 1838 ; Gervais, Diet. Sei. Nat. vol. i, p. 261, 1840; Bilppell, Mus. SencTcenberg, vol. iii, p. 182, 1842 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 426, 1844, vol. V, p. 431, 1855; Giebel, Saugethiere, p. 314, 1855; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 267, 1887. Antilope rufa, Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 250, 1815. Cerophorus (Cervicapra) redunca, Blainville, Bull. Soc. PMlom. 1816, p. 75. Antilope (Eedunca) redunca, H. Smith, Grifith's Animal Kingdom, vol. V, p. 338, 1827. Antilope (Nagor) redunca, Laurillard , Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 621, 1841. Eedunca nagor, Bilppell, Verzeichniss Mus. Senekenberg, pt. i, p. 38, 1842. Eleotragus reduncus. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 145, 1851, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 13, pi. xiii, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 127, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 94, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 18, 1872, Hand - List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 88, 1873 ; Temminclc, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1853 ; Jentinh, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bos, vol. ix) p. 130, 1887; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 267, 1887. Cervicapra redunca, Sundevall, h. Svensha Vet.-ATc. Handl. 1844, p. 195, 1846 ; Flower and LydeTcker, Study of Mammals, p. 340, P 2 212 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 1891; LydekTier, Horns and Hoofs, p. 228, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 305, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 231, 1908 ; Sclater and, Thomas, Boole of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 171, pi. xliv, 1897 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 221, 1910 ; PococJc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 913 ; Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 289, 1813. Eedunca redunoa, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm., Suppl. p. 721, 1905. Nagor, or BoHOK. Type of Cerviccqwa, Rcdunca, and Nagor. Typical locality Gori Island, oif the coast of Senegal, West Africa. Size smaller than in arundinum, the shoulder-height ranging from about 27 to 28 inches, and the length of the skull from about 9-j^y inches (225 mm.) to lO-j-^ inches (256 mm.). Skull generally similar to that of arundinum, but with a relatively shorter rostrum and upper tooth-row. General colour yellowish, less grizzled and more fulvous than in arimdinum, and that of head and neck not markedly contrasting with that of body ; dark markings on limbs less pronounced than in typical examples of arundimiin or wanting. Tail shorter and less bushy. Horns relativel}- shorter and stouter, with the tips more abruptly hooked; the length in good specimens ranging from about 9 to 14^ (in one instance 15) inclies. The distribution includes Ethiopian Africa north of tlie Zambesi, where it is approximately co-extensive with that of the genus. The local races may be distinguished as follows : — A. Skull smallest in group — length about 8J| inches (225 mm.) ; upper row of cheek-teeth very short — 23?g- inches (54 mm.) ; horns short, strongly hooked forwards and inwards. Hair long ; general colour dark yellowish fawn P. r. redunca. B. Skull larger ; upper tooth-row and horns longer. a. Skull less massive and shallower vertically — length lOj'j inches (255 mm.) ; length of upper series of cheek-teeth 63 mm. ; * horns thinner, longer and more divergent P. r. cottoni. h. Skull more massive and deeper vertically ; horns shorter and stouter, a'. Length of skull 9 J inches (240 mm.), of upper series of cheek-teeth 58 mm. ; horns shorter P. r. Ugandan. * In the case of very small differences millimetres alone are generally used. KEDUNCIN.15 '21'd 6'. Skull and horns longer ; length of fonner ahout lO^'j inches (255 mm.). a-. Length of skull 255 mm., of upper series of cheek-teeth 62 mm. ; general axis of horns rising above frontal plane, ir'. Horns shorter and moderately curved JJ. r. hohor. 6^. Horns longer and curved outwards, with the tips much inbent. a*. Size larger ; colour darker E,. r. wardi. b*. Size smaller ; colour lighter B.r.tohi. b-- Length of skull 10^ inches (256 mm.), of upper series of cheek-teeth 63 mm. ; horns slightly lyrate, with their general axis below frontal plane B. r. nigeriensis. In the matter of colouring the following five races are characterised as follows : — A. General colour pale yellowish fawn ; hair shorter .than in r. redunca B. r. nigeriensis. B. General colour grizzled fawn. a. General tint yellower B. r. hohor, B. r. luardi, and B. r. cottoni. b. General tint browner B.r. Uganda. A.— Redunca redunca redunca. Oervioapra redunca redunca, Bothschild, Powell-Cotton' s Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 470, 1902. Cervicapra redunca typioa, Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 5, p. 222, 1907, ed. 6, p. 222, 1910 ; Alexander, Prom Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 392, 1897 ; Lydekher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 231, 1908. Nagoe. Typical locality Gori Island, off Senegal. Size small, shoulder-height about 27 inches. Hair relatively long ; general colour dark yellowish fawn, no dark marking on limbs. Skull very small, length about 8-J-| inches (225 mm.) ; upper series of cheek-teeth very .short, 2yq inches (54 mm.). Horns very short and stout, with the tips hooked strongly forwards and inwards. In the first of two specimens recorded in Ward's list which can be definitely referred to this race the length is 10 inches, the girth 4f, and the tip-to-tip interval 6:^ inches. The range extends from Senegal and Gambia to the Gold Coast. 214 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 46. 10. 23. 17. Skin, immature. West Africa ; collected by Mr. J. Whitfield. Presented hj the Earl of Derhy, 1846. 93. 3. 5. 1. Skull, with horns. Gambia ; collected by Governor Carter. Presented hy Br. P. L. Sekder, 1893. 98. 9. 9. 1. Skull, with horns, immature. South bank of Gambia Eiver. Presented hy J. Roiuland Ward, Esq., 1898. 11.6.10.10. Skull, with horns, and skin. Upper Gambia. Presented hy G. FenvAck Owen, Esq., 1911. B. — Redunca redunea bohor. Antilope redunca, Bilppell, Neue WirheUh. Ahyssin. p. 30, pi. \n, fig. 1, 1835-40, neo Pallas. Eedunoa bohor, Rilpjpell, Verzeichidss Mus. SencJcenberg. pt. i, p. 50, 1842 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber. 1-. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 169, 1869; Trouessart, Cat. Mainm., Suppl. p. 722, 1905; Lbnnherg, Sjostedt's Kilimandjaro-Meru Exped., Mamm. p. 44, 1908. Antilope (Eedunca) bohor, Wagner, Schreber's Saugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 425, 1844, vol. v, p. 432, 1855. Cervioapra bohor, Sundevall, K. Svensha. Vet.-Ali. Handl. 1844, p. 195, 1846; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 93, 18'dl, partim ; LydeTiher, Horns and Hoofs, ^. 229, 1893, Great and Small Oame of Africa, p. 305, X89^ , parti'rn ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 165, 1897, pariim ; Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. vi, p. 304, 1900 ; Blaine, ibid. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 288, 1913. (?) Eleotragus bohor, TemmincJc, Esquiss. Zool. Quine, p. 191, 1853. Eleotragus redunous, Heuglin, Nova Acta Ac. Cws. Leop.-Car. vol. XXX, pt. 2, p. 11, 1863 ; (?) Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 110 ; (?) Jentink, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Bays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 150, 1892. Cervioapra (?) adrob, Heuglin, Eeise Nor dost- Afrika, vol. ii, p. 109, 1877. (?) Eleotragus arundinaceus. True, Broc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. xv, p. 472, 1892, nee Gray. Cervioapra redunca bohor, Rothschild, Bowell-Cotton's Sporting Trip throiogh Abyssinia, p. 467, 1902 ; LydeJclcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 231, 1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 223, 1910. BOHOE. Typical locality Central Abyssinia. Size rather larger than in typical race. General colour yellowish grizzled fawn ; dark limb-markings sometimes present. Skull large, length 10-jL inches (255 mm.), massive and deep ; length of upper series of cheek-teeth 2i^g inches (62 mm.). Horns relatively short and stout, although longer KEDUNCINiE 215 than in rcchmca ; their general axis rising above level of frontal plane ; in good specimens the length ranges from 84 to lOf inches and the girth from 5^ to 6, with a tip- to-tip interval of from 5 to llf inches. Blaine, on account of the larger size of the skull and teeth, regards this and the following races as specifically distinct from the true rcdunca. 1. 7. 6. 16. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Gora- boutha (5,600 feet), Hawash, Abyssinia. Presented by A. E. Pease, Esq., 1901. 6. 11. 1. 62. Skull, with horns, and skin. Near Lake Helene, Omo Paver, N.E. Abyssinia ; collected by Mr. P. Zaphiro. Presented hy W N. McMillan, Esq., 1906. C— Redunca redunca wardi. Cervicapra bohor, Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 144, 1883 ; Qilnther, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 604 Jackson, Big Game Shooting {Badminton Libr.) vol. i, pp, 285 and 294, 1894 ; Matscliie, Sdugeth. Deutsch-OstafriJia, p. 128, 1895 ; nee Sundevall. Cervicapra redunca wardi, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. vi, p. 304, 1900 ; Bothschild, Powell Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 471, 1902 ; Lydekher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 231, 1908; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 224, 1910 ; Hollister, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 7, 1910 ; Roosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910 ; Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mam. Mus. Madrid, p. 126, 1912. Eedunca redunca wardi, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm., Suppl. p. 722, 1905. Cervicapra bohor wardi, Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 289, 1913. Typical locality Mau Plateau, British East Africa. Closely allied to the last, with which it agrees generally in cranial and dental measurements, and also in colour ; black markiags on legs present. The chief distinction seems to lie in the horns, which are rather larger, and have the points much turned inwards ; good specimens range from 10 to 13| inches in length, with a girtli of from 4^ to 7f, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 4^ to 9j inches. Thomas regarded this race as nearly allied to redunca redunca, which he considered specifically distinct from r. bohor. Blaine affiliates it to the latter. The range includes portions of Uganda adjacent to Britisli East Africa. 216 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 0. 8. 15. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Man Plateau, British East Africa ; collected by Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., O.B. Type. Presented hij J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1900. 0. 8. 15. 2. Skull and skin, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. Pig. 25.- -Skull and Horns of Eastern Bohoe Beedbuck (Bedimca redunca wardi). 95. 9. 7. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Border of British and German East Africa to the north-east of Kilimanjaro. Presented by Major B. W E. Kcnwiek, 1895. 1.8.9.71. Skull, with horns, immature. Eavine Station, Britisli East Africa. Presented hy Sir If. H. Johnston, K.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901. 1. 8. 9. 72-73. Two skulls and skins, immature female. Same locality. Same history. 1. 8. 9. 74. Skull, with horns. Nandi, British East Africa. Same history. IIEDUXCIN.E 217 1. 8. 9. 75-76. Two skulls, with horns (fig. 25). Eavine Station, British East Africa. Same history. 63. 7. 7. 12. Skull, with horns, and imperfect skin. Uganda. Presented hy Capt. J. H. Speke, 1863. 89. 8. 3. 1. Skull, with horns, immature. J^ear Kiliman- jaro, Masailand. Presented hy H. G. V. Hunter, Esq., 1889. 82. 1. 27. 2. Skull, with horns. East Africa; collected hy Sir John Kirk. Length of horns on front curve 13|, hasal girth o\, tip-to-tip interval 8-|- inches ; this being the maximum horn-length recorded hy Ward in 1910. Purehascd, 1882. D.— Redunca redunca tohi. Kedunoa redunca tohi, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. )xi, No. 7, p. 10, 1913. Tohi. Typical locality Mariakani, British East Africa. Type in U. S. National Museum. Allied to ^vardi but smaller (basal length of skull 8y| inches = 223 mm.), and lighter and purer tawny in colour, the black "lining" on back being less distinct, and the dark leg-streaks narrower or wanting, No specimen in collection definitely referable to this race. E. —Redunca redunca cottoni. Cervicapra redunca cottoni, Bothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Ahyssinia, p. 470, 1902; Lydelclcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 231, 1908, Field, vol. cxx, p. 1175, 1912. Cervicapra redunca donaldsoni, Bothschild, op. cit. p. 471, 1902 ; Lydeliker, loc. cit. 1908, identified with cottoni. Field, op. cit. 1912. Bedunoa redunca cottoni and donaldsoni, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm., Suppl. p. 722, 1905. Cervicapra bohor cottoni, Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, \o\. xi, p. 289, 1913. Typical locality Kordofan, between the Bahr-el-Zerafe and the Bahr-el-Jebel, Type not identified. General colour similar to that of r. bohor, but horns longer, thinner, and more divergent, with more or less 218 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES marked incurving at tips. Skull relatively slight and shallow vertically; length 10/g inches (255 mm.); length of upper series of cheek-teeth 2^ inches (63 mm.). Fine horns measure from 13 to 15 inches, with a girth of from 4ff to 6 inches, and a tip-to-tip interval ranging from 7^ to IS^j: inches. Of the three under-mentioned heads obtained by Capt. Gunthorpe in the Dinder Valley — a tributary of the Blue Nile — one agrees with a typical cottoni, a second is clearly a donuldsoni, and the third of an intermediate type. These specimens, in conjunction with a fourth given to the writer Fig. 26. — Head of Sudani Bohob Reedbuck {Bedunca redunca cottoni) , from Mongalla. Length of liorus 16 inches, girth 5 inclies, tip-to-tip interval 23;^ inclies. by Colonel Gunthorpe, show that these two supposed races are inseparable. In the writer's specimen the interval between the horn-tips is only 6j inches, whereas in specimens from the Dinder and Blue Nile valleys catalogued in the sixth edition of Ward's Records of Big Game, this interval ranges from 15 to 18 inches. The range extends from Kordofan, the White Nile, and the Isle of Meroe to the east of Lado and western Somaliland. 1. 8. 8. 42. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kaka, White Nile, Sudan. Presented hij B. Mc. D. Hawker, Esq., 1901. EEDUNCIX.E 219 8. 1. 15. 1. Skull, with horns. Binder Valley, Blue Mle. Presented by J. Rouiand Ward, Esq., 1908. 0. 11. 7. 17. Skull, with horns. North of Lake Eudolf. Presented hy Br. Donaldson Smith, 1900. 12. 11. 13. i. Mounted head. Binder Valley, Blue Nile ; shot by Capt. M. E. T. Gunthorpe. The horns are of the character of typical cottoni. Presented hy Col. E. J. Gvnthorpe, 1912. 12. 11. 13. 4. Mounted head. Same locality and donor. The horns are sonrewhat intermediate between those of the preceding and the following specimen. Same history. 12.11.13.5. Mounted head. Same locality and collector. The tips of the horns show the strongly marked inbending characteristic of doncddsoni. Same history. F. — Redunca redunca nigeriensis. Cervioapra bohor nigeriensis, Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hisi. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 290, 1913. Cervioapra redunca typioa, Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 392, 1907, neo Lydeklcer. Typical locality Ibi, Northern Nigeria. Similar in size to r. vjardi, but with the body-colour of a more uniform shade of fawn, as in r. redunca. General colour light fulvous fawn, slightly darker along middle line of back, and paler on flanks, where it merges into white of under- parts; a pale dusky stripe down front of lower portion of fore-legs. Hair short and close, not waved. Horns with the main axis depressed below level of frontal plane ; stout at the base, then slightly curving downwards and outwards, and finally hooking forwards at the tips, although not so strongly as in r. redunca or r. bohor ; good specimens range from 9 to 10^ inches in length, with a girth of from 4J to 6^, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 4j (in one instance 2|) to 7| inches. Length of skull 10^ inches (256 mm.), of upper series of cheek-teeth 63 mm. 7. 7. 8. 234. Skull, with horns. Ibi, Northern Nigeria ; Alexander-Gosling Expedition. Type. Presented by the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907. 220 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 4.7.9. 11-12. Skull and frontlet, with horus.. Ee- spectively from Sokoto and Zimguru, Northern Nigeria. Presented ly Gajyt. A. Cock, 1904. 5. 5. 10. 10. Imperfect skull, with horns. Wase, Northern Nigeria. Presented ly Dr. E. K. W. Kumm, 1905. 7.7.8.235-236. Two skulls and skins. Ibi ; Alexander- Gosling Expedition. Presented hy the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907. 7. 7. 8. 268. Head, skin. Same locality and collection. Same history. G. — Redunca redunca ug-andse. Cervicapra bohor ugandiE, Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 291, 1913. Typical locality Ankoli, south-western Uganda. Size rather smaller than in r. nigeriensis, and skull and horns proportionately shorter. General colour the yellow grizzled fawn of r. hohor, hut with a brownish tinge, so that it appears less fulvous. Horns short and stout, without a pronounced forward hook at tip. Length of skull 9.^ inches (240 mm.), of upper series of cheek-teeth 2^ inches (56 mm.). 5. 4. 3. 35. Skull, with horns, and skin. South-western Ankoli, Uganda ; collected by Mr. W. G. Doggett. Type. Presented hy Lieut.-Col. 0. Belme-Radeliffc, 1905. 5. 4. 3. 36. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Same locality and collector. Same history. 5. 11. 16. 1. Skull, with horns. South-western Uganda. Presented hy F. H. Leeky, Esq., 1905. 1. 7. 15. 2. Skull, with horns. South of Albert Edward Nyanza. Presented hy J. E. S. Moore, Esq., 1901. 111. EEDUNCA FULVOKUFULA. Antilope fulvorufula, Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. TJpsal. vol. vii, ]3. 250, 1815; Goldfuss, Schreher's.Sducithiere, vol. v, p. 1226, 1818; H. Smith, OriffitJi's Ajiimal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 239, 1827. Antilope lalandia, Desvioulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 445, 1822 ; Lesson, Man. Mamin. p. 878, 1827. Antilope landiana, Desniarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 462, 1822 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 38, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 684, 1868. EEDUNCIX.K 221 Antilope eleotragus, Lichtenstein, Darstellung. Sdugeth. pi. 19, 1827 ; Smuts, Enuin. Mamm. Cap. p. 75, 1832; Schinz, Mon. Antilop. p. 15, pi. xiv, 1848 ; nee Schreber. Autilope lalandii, /. B. Fischer-, Sijnop. Mamm. p. 467, 1829; Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 621, 1841 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 415, 1845. Eedunca lalandii, A. Smith, 8. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 210, 1834. Cervioapra eleotragus, Sundevall, E. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 194, 1846, neo Blainville. Eleotragus arundinaceus, Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1858, neo Bechstein. Eedunoa eleotragus, Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 169, 1869 ; Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 222, 1880; nee 4. Smith. Eleotragus eleotragus, Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays- Bas, vol. ix) p. 130, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {ibid. vol. xi) p. 159, 1892, nee Antilope eleotragus, Schreber. Eleotragus redunca, Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 298, 1889, neo Gray. •Cervioapra redunca, Giinther, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 604, nee Sundevall. Cervioapra lalandii, Nicolls and Eglirigton, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 34, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 228, 1893 ; Bendall, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 359 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 2, p. 132, 1896. Cervioapra fulvorufula, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 175, pi. xlv, 1897 ; Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 305, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 227, 1908 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 197, 1900 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 218, 1910; Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 290, 1913. Cervioapra fulvorufula subalpina, Kirby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1897, p. 879. Bedunca fulvorufula, Trouessart, Cat. Mainm., Suppl. p. 722, 1905. Oreodoroas fulvorufula, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 13, 1912. Kooi Ehebok. Type of Orcodorcas. Typical locality eastern Cape Colony. A very distinct species, of the approximate size of redunca redunca, distinguished from hoth the preceding species by the relatively greater interorbital width of the skull, its shorter rostrum and larger orbits, as well as by the shorter and straighter horns, which are less hooked at the tips. General colour grizzled greyish fawn, tinged with rufous, especially on the head and neck, where it contrasts with the body-colour ; chin, upper portion of throat, and under-parts, as well as inner sides of limbs, white ; dark leg-markings 222 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES inconspicuous or wanting; tail reaching about to level of groin, and very bushy, fawn above, and white below. Good horns range in length from 7 to 8| inches, with a girth of from 3^ to 5|-, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 3 to 6 inches. In the skull the tympanic sheath, which encloses the tympano-hyal pit, is low, and does not extend downwards on sides of bullae ; knobbed processes of basioccipital small and short ; facial portion of lachrymal long, narrow, and extending on orbit well behind termination of nasal ; orbit large, its vertical diameter one-half length of nasal; infra- orbital vacuity situated posteriorly above front end of penultimate upper premolar ; masseter knob on sides of maxillaj small; pit at base of condyles posterior to bull» deep ; lachrymo-nasal sinus narrow ; premaxillfe long. In the more typical members of the genus the skull differs by the longer tympanic sheath, the greater development of the knobbed processes of the basioccipital, the smaller orbit, and the wider and shorter lachrymal. The range includes the eastern districts of Africa south of the Zambesi, more especially Natal, Zulu] and, and Beohuanaland, and thence through British East Africa to Gallaland. The races are distinguishable as follows : — A. Length of skull 9^^ inches (230 mm.), of upper series of cheek-teeth 2| inches (60 mm.).. B. f. fulvorufida. B. Length of skull 8^| inches (225 mm.), of upper series of cheek-teeth 2i inches (57 mm.). a. Typically a dark nose-stripe J?-/, chanleri. h. Typically no dark nose-stripe S. f. slioana. A.— Redunea fulvorufula fulvorufula. Typical locality eastern Cape Colony. Characters as above. 630, d. Skull, with horns. South Africa. Presented hy Dr. W. J. Burchell, about 1817. 43. 6. 6. 12. Skull and skin, female. Cape Colony ; collected by Dr. Brandt. Purchased, 1843. 51. 5. 5. 6. Skull, with horns. Orange Eiver district. PurcJictsed {Argent), 1851. 51. 5. 5. 6. Skull, female. Same locality. Same history. EEDUNCIN.E 223 41. 12. 25. 3. Skin, mounted, provisionally referred to this species. Said to be of South African origin. Purchased (Cross), 1841. 03. 2. 4. 1. Skull, with horns. Northern Zululand. Presented hy A. H. Neumann, Esq., 1893. 94. 1. 4. 1. Skull, with horns. Figtree Creek, De Kaap, Barberton, Transvaal. Presented hy Dr. P. Pendall, 1894. 94. 11. 4. 4. Skull, immature female. Same locality. Same history. 94. 4. 3. 2. Skull and skin, immature female. Louver Univolusi ^'alley, Zululand. Presented ty the Christiania Museum, 1894. 98. 9. 10. 3. Skin. Kruger's Post, Transvaal. Presented hy F. V. Kirhy, Esq., 1898. 95. 8. 16. 1. Skull, female. Figtree Creek, De Kaap. Presented hy Dr. P. Rendall, 1895. 98. 9. 10. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Steenkamp- berg, Transvaal. Belongs to the so-called alfiina. Same history. 98. 9. 10. 2. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 3. 3. 6. 52. Immature specimen, in spirit. Deelfontein, Cape Colony ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hy Lieut.-Col. A. T. Sloygett, C.M.G., 1903. 4. 12. 3. 106. Skull, with horns, and skin (head-skin separate). Alatwa district, Zululand ; same collector. Presented hy C. D. Budd, Esq., 1904. B. — Redunca fulvorufula chanleri. Cervioapra chanleri, Rothschild, Novit. Zool. iii., p. 53, 1895 ; Chanter, Through Jungle and Desert, p. 431, 1896 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 188, 1897. Cervicapra fulvorufula chanleri, Jackson, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 317, 1899 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1902, p. 99 ; LydelcJcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 228, 1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 220, 1910 ; Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 290, 1913. Eedunca chanleri, Trouessart, Cat. Mainm. Suppl. p. 722, 1905. Redunoa fulvorufula chanleri, Roosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 417, 1910. Typical locality mountains east of Kenia, British East Africa. Type in Tring Museum. 224 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Skull-dimensions less than in typical race, as recorded under heading of species. Typically, according to 0. Neumann, a dark stripe on nose. 95. 5. 15. 1. Cast of type skull. Original (in Tring Museum) from mountains east of Keuia. Presented hy J. Roivland Ward, Esq., 1895. 98. 10. 1.3. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Kedong Encampment, British East Africa. Presented hy E. W. Moffat, Esq., 1898. 0. 10. 5. 3-4. Two skulls, with horns, and skins, one immature. East of Kariendus Eiver, British East Africa. Presented ly C. S. Betton, Esq., 1900. 0. 10. 5. 6. Skull, immature female. Same locality. Same history. 0. 3. 27. 21-22. Two skins. Ella Doulan, British East Africa. Presented hy the Lord Belemnere, 1900. 2. 12. 2. 1-2. Head, mounted, and two skins. East of Lake Margherita, East Africa. Presented hy the Lord Plindlij), 1902. 4. 12. 6. 15-16. Two skulls, with horns, and a skin. Fort Hall, British East Africa. Presented hy ,S'. L. Hindc, Esq., 1904. 10. 1. 13. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kedong Valley, British East Africa. Presented hy Major G. E. Tuson, 1910. C- Redunca fulvorufula shoana. Cervicapra fulvorufula shoana, O. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1902, p. 99 ; LydeH-er, Game Animals of Africa, -p. 228, 1908. Typical locality Shoa. Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann. Distinguished from ehanteri hy absence of dark nose- stripe and certain small details in the skull and horns ; the absence or presence of the nose-stripe (which may be present in arundinuni) in ehanleri -was considered of no importance by Sclater and Thomas. 6. 11. 1. 63. Skull, with horns, and skin, provisionally referred to this somewhat doubtful race. Jaha Boru, Arusi- Gallaland ; collected by Mr. P. Zaphiro. Presented by W. N. McMillan, Esq., 1906. reduncinj: 22i III. Genus KOBUS. Kobus, A. Smith, Illustr. Zool. S. Africa, Mamm. pt. xii, pi. xxviii, 1840 ; Biitimeyer, Abh. schwein. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 60, 1877 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, 916. Kolus, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 159, 1843, (?) errorim. Cobus,* Buckley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, p. 284 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 95, 1896. Eobus, Zittel. Handhuch Palceont. vol. iv, Mamm. pp. 417 and 729, 1893, errorim. Size large or medium ; build generally heavy. Horns of male long, lunate or more or less sublyrate, and heavily ridged for the greater part of their length ; muffle normal ; rudimentary face-glands,t but no bare subauricular patch; tail relatively long, reaching about to the hocks, with a ridge of hair on dorsal surface and a terminal tuft ; foot-glands wanting ; inguinal glands absent, or represented by a single pau- of pouches ; coat usually hairy ; skull massive, with large lachrymal vacuities, large auditory buUte, and the premaxillte reaching the long nasals. The distribution is practically the same as that of the subfamily. The genus is divisible into the following three subgeneric groups : — A. No inguinal glands ; coat grizzled ; hair of back not reversed. Size large ; horns sublunate, inclin- ing forwards superiorly ; neck heavily maned . . . Kohus. B. A single pair of inguinal pouches ; coat not grizzled ;. hair of back usually reversed ; neck not heavily maned. a. Size medium ; coat long and rough, horns sublyr- ate, vpith a more or less marked double (sig- moid) flexure Onotragus. b. Size smaller ; coat typically short and smooth ; horns sublyrate, without distinct double flexure Adenota. * This is undoubtedly the proper Latinised form of the name, which, according to the Strickland code, ought to be employed, t See Pocock, op. cit. p. 916. II. 226 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 1. Subgenus KOBUS. Large, heavily-built antelopes, with coarse, grizzled coat, not reversed on back, heavily maned neck, and, in the males, long, stout sublunate, forwardly inclined horns. The two species are distinguished as follows : — A. A white elliptical band on rump K. ellipsiprymnus. B. No white rump-band K. defassa. Distribution co-extensive, in suitable localities, with that of the genus. I. KOBUS ELLIPSIPEYMNUS. Autilope ellipsiprymnus, Ogilhy, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1833, p. 47, Penny Encylopmdia, vol. ii, p. 88, 1834 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 38; Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. i\, p. 434, 1844, vol. V, p. 434, 1855 ; Peters, Beise nach Mossamhique, Sdugeth. p. 189, 1852. Aigooeros ellipsiprymnus, A. Stnith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 186, 1834. Aigooerus ellipsiprymnus, Harris, Wild S;ports S. Africa, p. 387, 1839, ed. 5, p. 351, 1852, Wild Anim. 8. Africa, p. 71, pi. xiv, 1840. Kobus ellipsiprymnus, A. Smith, Illustr. Zool. S. Africa, Manim. pt. xii, pis. xxviii and xxix, 1840 ; Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846, ser. 3, vol. iv, p. 296, 1859, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 130, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 15, 1850, Cat. Un- gulata Brit. Mus. p. 99, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 15, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 86, 1873; Qerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 239, 1862 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 101 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber h. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 176, 1869 ; Drummond, Large Game S. Africa, p. 426, 1875 ; Brehni, Thierlehen, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 224, 1880 ; Flower and Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. B. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 268, 1884 ; Jentinh, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 131, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {ibid. vol. xi) p. 159, 1892, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. ix, p. 172, 1887 ; Nicholls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 44, 1892 ; True, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. xv, p. 471, 1892 ; PococTc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1904, vol. i, p. 4, 1910, p. 916 ; O. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 93 ; Broun, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1905, vol. ii, p. 296 ; Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1910, p. 409, Mitt, Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. v, pt. 3, p. 556, 1911 ; Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mam. Mus. Madrid, p. 126, 1912. Antilope (CEgooerus) ellipsiprymnus, Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. Begne Anim., Mamm. p. 180, 1842. Kolus ellipsiprymnus, Q^-ay, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 159, 1843. REDUNCIN^ 227 Cervieapra ellipsiprymnus, Sundevall, K. SvensJca Vet.-AJc. Handl. 1844, p. 195, 1846. Heleotragus ellipsiprjTimus, Kirk, Proc. Zool. 8oc. 1864, p. 658. Antilope elypsiprymnus, Owen, Anat, Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 634, 1868. Cobus ellipsiprymnus, Buckley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, p. 284 ; Selous, ibid. 1881, p. 758, A Hunter's Wanderings in 8. Africa, p. 218, 1881 ; Crawshay, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 651 ; Sclater, ibid. 1891, p. 326, 1892, p. 471, 1893, p. 505, pi. xxxix ; Flower and Lydekher, Study of Mammals, p. 340, 1891 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 84, 1892, ed. 6, p. 190, 1910 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 223, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 269, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 194, 1908 ; Bryden, Gun and Camera, p. 504, 1893; Barkley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 131; Stvayne, ibid. p. 316, Thirteen Trips to Somali, p. 307, 1894 ; Matschie, Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 132, 1895; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 97, pi. xxxii, 1896 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 185, 1900 ; Both- schild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902 ; Letcher, Big Game N.E. Bhodesia, p. 206, 1911. Wasserbok, or Watebbuok. Type of the genus. Typical locality the district between Lataku and the west coast, South Africa. Height at shoulder from about 48 to 53 inches ; * coat long and coarse ; general colour grizzled brownish grey, tending to blackish on the back, with the bases of the hairs whitish, paler on flanks, and passing into white on middle line of under-parts and inner sides of upper portion of hind- limbs ; a conspicuous white elliptical band on the rump extending downwards on each side to the flanks ; feet dark brown, with a white band above hoofs ; sides of forehead dark brown ; a white line round nose, lips, and chin, and another over and in front of each eye ; an irregular band round neck greyish white; ears hairy, white internally, and blackish externally, except at the base, where they are brownish, about 7^ inches in length ; tail dark brown above and white beneath, about 11 inches long, exclusive of terminal tuft (4 inches). Horns large, and heavy, sublunate, inclining backwards and outwards at base, and then forwards and inwards towards and at the tips, heavily ridged for about three-fourths their length. Fine horns measure from 31 to * Sclater and Thomas give the height as 39 inches ; NichoUs and Eglington as " often considerably more than 4 feet." Q 2 228 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 36^ inches in length, with a girth of from 8^ to 10 inches, and a tip-to-tip interval ranging from 13:^ to 29^ inches. The range extends from South Africa north of the Limpopo along the coast-region through Nyasaland to German and British East Africa, and thence to the Sheheli Eiver, Somaliland. The following names have been applied to local forms of this species, but whether any or all are entitled to rank as distinct subspecies, the material in the Museum is insuffi- cient to determine. Some at least are probably typified by individual herds rather than by local races. a. Kobus ellipsiprymnus pallidus, Matschie, Sitzher. Qes. nat. Freunde, 1910, p. 410 ; Lonnherg, K. SvensTta Vei.-Ak. Handl. vol. xlviii, no. 5, p. 161, 1912. Typical locality Shebeli Valley, Somaliland. Type in collection of Major Powell-Cotton, at Quex Park, Birchington, Kent. A somewhat pale form, in which the general colour is light brown (fawn), purest on the forehead, legs, and root of tail, on the neck and back with black tips to the hairs, on the sides mingled with grey, on the feet darker ; white eye-streak short ; white of chin not extending to angle of mouth ; throat and chest very light, with an admixture of grey and sepia-brown hairs; upper part of ears margined with dark brown ; sides of head fawn-brown, strongly suffused with sepia-brown ; hoof-band complete, as in typical race. Based on two immature specimens. b. Kobus ellipsiprymnus thikse, Matschie, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1910, p. 411 ; Lonnherg , K. Svenslca Vet.-Ah. Handl. vol. xlviii, art. 5, p. 161, 1912. Typical locality Thika Valley, north of the Donyo-Sabuk, Kenia district, British East Africa. Type in collection of Major Powell-Cotton. Forehead burnt-umber ; upper side of nose blackish grey- brown, with a very natrow white line round muffle ; white eye-streak twice as long as in last, not pure white, but mingled with brown hairs ; sides of head light brownish grey strongly suffused with sepia; white of chin extending to EEDUNCINiE 229 angle of mouth ; throat and chest warm sepia or sooty ; back reddish sepia, with little grey on the sides, but the flanks light umber-brown ; hoof-band incomplete ; light neck-band (as in the preceding) stopping short of root of ear, which it reaches in typical race. Skull relatively wide. c. Kobus ellipsiprymnus kondensis, Matschie, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. v, pt. 3, p. 556, 1911. Typical locality llwaya, at north-western end of Lake Nyasa, S.W. Kondeland, German East Africa. Type in Zoological IMuseum, Berlin. Eesembles K. e. tldka: in the incompleteness of the white hoof-band and the dark colour of the remainder of the foot, but is distinguished by the general colour being less dark ; on the hind half of the neck, the shoulders, and the sides of the body the tint is not lighter than broccoli-brown ; on the middle of the back and upper half of legs much the same, and only on the feet and lower part of legs umber-brown. d. Kobus ellipsiprymnus lipuwa, Matschie, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. V, pt. 3, p. 560, 1911. Typical locality between Mwaya and Mbaka Valleys, German East Africa. Type in Zoological Museum, Berlin. Named on the evidence of the skull and horns, for the characteristics of which reference must be made to the original description, as it is too long to quote. e. Kobus ellipsiprymnus kulu, Matschie, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. V, pt. 3, p. 561, 1911. Typical locality Maliwe, westward of Kilwa, German East Africa. Type in Zoological Museum, Berlin. Also named from the skull and horns alone, the descrip- tion of which is too long and detailed for quotation in this place. /. Kobus ellipsiprymnus canescens, Lonnberg, E. Svensha Vet.-Ah, Handl. vol. xlviii, no. 5, p. 160, 1912. Typical locality Guaso-nyiro, British East Africa. Type in Eoyal Swedish Museum of Natural History. 230 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Stated to be considerably paler than thikse, without trace of reddish sepia on back, but with more grey on flanks and paler ears. Smaller and paler than typical race. In extreme cases the paleness passes into semialbinism. g. Kobus ellipsiprymnus kuru, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect. vol. Ixi, no. 13, p. 6, 1913. Typical locality Taveta, Kilimanjaro district, British East Africa. Type in U. S. National Museum. A large form distinguished from thikx by its darker, sepia-brown general colour ; legs darker brown, but nose not darker than body, and presenting but little contrast in colour to forehead. 83. 7. 28. 6. Skin, mounted. Upper Manyami Valley, Mashonaland; collected by F. C. Selous, Esq. Length of horns 33, basal girth 9|, tip-to-tip interval 11^ inches; the specimen stands sixth in Ward's 1910 list. Purchased, 1913. 83. 7. 28. 6. Skin, mounted, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 42. 4. 11. 7. Skin, mounted. South Africa; collected by Sir Andrew Smith. Purchased ( Wccrwicle), 1842. 48. 7. 13. 2. Erontlet and horns. South Africa. Purchased ( Warwick), 1848. 61. 12. 3. 1. Skull, with horns. Algoa Bay. Presented hy G. Wemys, JEsq., 1861. 63. 8. 4. 1. Skull, with horns. South Africa. Presented hy G. W GLapp, Esq., 1863. 48. 3. 15. 1. Skull, with horns. South Africa. Purchased {Argent), 1848. 63.7.7.9. Skull, with horns. Knigani Valley, Ugarama. Presented hy Gapt. J. H. Speke, 1863. 63. 7. 7. 10. Skull, female. Makorta, near Bagamoya. Same history. 93. 5. 6. 7-8. Two skulls, with horns. Zomba, Nyasa- land ; collected by A. Whyte, Esq. Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.G.M.G., K.G.B., 1893. 93. 7. 9. 26-27. Two frontlets and horns. Same locality. Same history. REDUNCINyE 231 97. 11. 21. 2. Head, mounted. East Africa. Presented hy J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1897. 10. 12. 17. 1. Head, mounted, and body-skin. Lorian Swamp, British East Africa. This specimen belongs to a pale phase not uncommon in tlie Lorian Swamp and adjacent parts of the Guaso-nyiro. These pale-coloured Lorian water- buck, as mentioned by Col. W. H. Broun {Proc. Zool. Soc. 1905, p. 297), and also by Lord Gifford in TJie Field of August 6th, 1910, have eyes of the normal colour, and thus are not true albinos. Col. Broun's buck, which was in company with a white doe when shot, was obtained in July, 1904, on the right or north bank of the Guaso- nyiro, about twenty miles to the westward of the Lorian Swamp. Lord Gifford obtained two white bucks on the north bank of that river, where he saw four other examples, as well as a calf on the south bank. He describes having seen a white male and female in company, but other- wise the white individuals were mingled with normally coloured animals. One white calf is recorded as having been seen with a dark dam, but it appeared to have grey patches on the head and back. These accounts indicate that pale- coloured waterbuck are comparatively common in the Lorian district, although they do not herd by themselves. These pale forms are referable to canescens, but they suggest a case somewhat analogous to that of the grey reedbucks {Rcdnnca armidinum) of the Songwi Elver, near its entrance into Lake ISTyasa (see p. 209). Presented hy Lord Gifford, 1910. 10. 12. 17. 2. Skull and skin, pale-coloured female. Same locality. Same history. 7. 10. 25. 7. Frontlet and horns. Portuguese East Africa. Presented hy F. Vaugluin Kirhy, Esq., 1907. 10. 4. 10. 2. Skull, with horns. Portuguese East Africa. Length of horns 3 If inches. Presented hy J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1910. 1. 4. 3. 2. Frontlet and horns. Barotsiland. Presented hy J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1901. 1. 4. 3. 3. Skull, female. Same locality. Same history. 98. 7. 2. 11. Skull, with horns, and skin (head-skin separate). Dan Valley, a tributary of the Juba, East Africa. Bequeathed hy H. Andreiv, Esq., 1898. 232 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 98. 7. 2. 12. Skin; Same locality. Same history. 51. 12. 23. 7-8. Two skulls, female. Locality unknown. Purchased {Stevens), 1851. 93. 12. 1. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin. Webi Valley, Somaliland ; collected by Lieut.-Col. H. G-. C. Swayne. This and No. 93. 6. 30. 9 should belong to Matschie's K. e. pidlidus. Presented hy Dr. P. L. Sclater, 1893. 93. 6. 30. 9. Skull, female. Shebeli Valley, Somaliland. Presented hy Gen. Sir Arthur Paget, K.C.B., 1893. II. KOBUS DEFASSA. Antilope defassa, Biippell, Neue Wirhelth. Ahyssin. p. 9, pi. iii, 1835-40 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 423, 1844 ; Beichenbach, Sdugeth. vol. iii, p. 133, 1845. Eedunca defassa, Biippell, Verzeichniss Mus. Senchenberg, pt. 1, p. 182, 1842. Kobus sing-sing, Oray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 159, 1843, partim. Cervioapra defassa, Sundevall, K. Svensha Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 195, 1846. Kobus defassa, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846 ; Heuglin, Nova Acta Ac. Cces. Leop.-Car. vol. xxx, pt. 2, p. 15, 1863, Beise Abyssin. vol. ii, p. 109, 1877 ; Fitsinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 176, 1869 ; Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1892, p. 134, 1910, p. 412 ; 0. Neumann, ibid. 1895, p. 92 ; Alexander , From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 392, 1907; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 916; Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mamm. Mus. Madrid, p. 126, 1912; Schwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 495, note, 1913. Kobus sing-sing. Gray, Enowsley Menagerie, p. 15, 1850, Cat. Ungii- lata Brit. Mus. p. 99, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 15, 1872, Hand-List Bum.inants Brit. Mus. p. 78, ISIB, partim. Antilope defassa var. abyssinica, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. V, p. 435, 1855. Cobus defassus, Flower and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 140, 1891 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 224, 1893. Kobus defassus, Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 130, 1887 ; Jackson, Big Game Shooting [Badminton Libr.) vol. i, pp. 285 and 304, 1894. Cobus defassa, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 727, 1895, p. 868 ; Matschie, Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 124, 1895 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 115, pi. xxxvi, 1896 ; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 75, 1897 ; Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 269, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 199, 1908 ; Bothschild, Powell-Cotton' s Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902 ; Johnston, Uganda Protectorate,-vol. i, p. xi, pi. facing p. 192, 1902; Lonnherg, Arkiv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3,"p. 7, 1907 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 329, 1907 ; Drake-Brocknian, Mamm. of Somali. p. 72, 1910; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 193, 1910. EEDUNCIN^E 233 Defassa, or Sing-sing. Type of Kohis. Typical locality near Lake Tana, Abyssinia, in the neigh- bourhood of the upper course of the Blue Nile. Distinguished from the type species by the elliptical white ring on the rump being replaced by a large white Pig. 27. — Skull and Hobns of Uganda Defassa (Kohus defassa ugandcB). patch, not extending above level of root of tail ; ears usually shorter than in that species ; general colour ranging from bright rufous to smoky or blackish grizzled ; markings, with the exception of the rump-patch, and colour-pattern of the same general type as in K. ellipsiprymnus. Horn-dimensions are given under the headings of the races. Distribution approximately co-extensive with that of the genus. The species is represented in the collection by at least 234 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES five well-defined races, which may be briefly defined as follows : — A. Ears relatively long and pointed ; a large white area (in addition to eye -streak) round eye. a. Size smaller; general colour rufous brown... K. A. defassa. h. Size larger; general colour bright rufous, especially on forehead K. d. ugandce, B. Ears shorter and rounded ; no large white area round eye. a. General colour rufous K. d. unctuosus. h. General colour smoky. a' . Back lighter K. d. crawshayi. V . Back darker K. d. penricei. In addition to the above, and apart from certain so-called races which do not seem to be separable from C. d. 'penricei, the following names — many of which are probably based on individual herds rather than on races — have been applied to local forms of the defassa : — ■ a. KOBUS HAENIEEI. Kobus sing-sing, Murie, Froc. Zool. Soc. 1863, p. 3, pi. ii. Antilope harnieri, Murie (ex Kauj}), op. cit. p. 5, 1863. Cobus harnieri, Pousargues, Ann, 8ci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 76, 1897. Kobus harnieri, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 92 ; Matschie, ibid. 1910, p. 409. Cobus defassa harnieri , ijz&^fcer. Game Animals of Africa, p. 200, 1908. Kobus defassa harnieri, Roosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910. Typical locality White Nile. Type in Darmstadt Museum. Described as having the coat shorter and less shaggy than that of unctuosus, and of an umber tint, quite unlike the russet or yellowish brown of that of vgandcB. b. Kobus unctuosus matschiei, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 92; Matschie, ibid. 1910, p. 409. Cobus defassa matschiei, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 200, 1908. Typical locality mouth of the Galana Eiver, Lake Abaya. Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann. General colour rufous, passing into iron-grey on crown of head and sides of body ; white eye-streak sharper and longer, and white chin-band wider than in harnieri. EEDUNCIN.B 235 c. Kobus adolfi-friderici, Matschie, Weidwer'k in Wort u. Bild, vol. xv, p. 234, 1906, Sitzber. Oes. nat. Frcunde, 1910, p. 409. Cobus ellipsiprymniis adolfi-frederici, Lydehker, Game Animals of Afnca, p. 196, 1908. Typical locality upper Orangi, south of Ikoma, German East Africa. Type apparently in Berlin Zoological Museum. Described from a head characterised by the dark colour of the nose, the absence of a white band on the throat, and the relatively short horn-tips. d. Cobus defassa tjiederi, Lbnnherg, ArJciv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 7, 1907 ; Lydekher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 202, 1908. Kobus defassa tjaederi, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1910, pp. 409 and 414. Typical locality junction of the Guaso-hanek and Guaso- nyiro, north-western Laikipia, British East Africa. Type in Eoyal Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm. Darker than the typical defassa, with a greater extension of the dark areas. Black of face extending from above white ring over muzzle to over middle of white eye-streak, and on to side of angle of mouth, thus covering a larger area than in typical defassa; eye-streak well-defined, but not extending further backwards than anterior third of eye ; above the black face the forehead bright rufous mixed with black ; sides of face behind black area like forehead except for a paler bu.ffish brown patch between eye and root of ear ; backs of ears rufous bordered with white, tips black ; neck rufous above but greyish brown on sides ; body-colour dark brown, with a rufous tinge, much darker than the rufous brown of typical defassa ; under-parts dark smoky brown ; legs and feet black with a brownish shade in front and a narrow white hoof-band ; tail like back at root, but nearly black at tip. Horns apparently shorter, stouter and less curved than in typical defassa. e. Kobus unctuosus tsohadensis, Schivarz, A.nn. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 267, 1918. Kobus defassa tsohadensis, Schwarz, op. cit. p. 495, 1913. Typical locality Mafaling, Shari Valley, north-west Africa. Type in Senckenberg Museum. 236 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Chiefly distinguished from typical defassa by the narrower skull and the paler tint of fore part of back, the fawn of which contrasts markedly with the ochery tinge of the thighs and flanks ; forehead tawny ; middle of face brownish black, paler posteriorly ; cheeks fawn. /. Kobus defassa annectens, Schwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 494, 1913. Typical locality Badingua, Upper Shari Valley. Described as intermediate between the preceding and the following form, being much darker than in tschadensis, with a shorter mane. Anterior portion of back, withers, and upper part of shoulders brownish red, strongly suffused with black and less contrasted with the colour of the neck than in tschadensis; neck similar, but with less black suffusion, owing to the shorter blackish tips of hairs ; crown and forehead brownish red ; middle portion of face similar, but some hairs with black tips, notably near muzzle ; cheeks greyish red ; backs of ears reddish brown in basal two-thirds, apical third black, whereas in tschadensis only the extreme tip and in scMiiotzi the terminal fourth is blackish ; white of buttocks sharply contrasted with brownish red area bordering dark of rump ; hind-legs from hocks, fore-legs from below shoulders, and tail-tip brownish black ; light bands round lateral hoofs dirty white, those round hoofs brownish ; under- parts sooty brown, except inguinal region, which is white. g. Kobus defassa sohubotzi, ScJiwam, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 495, 1913. Typical locality Duma, near Libenge, Ubangui (Ubangi) Valley, north-west Africa. Type in Senckenberg Museum. Allied to annectens, but distinguished by its shorter coat, more brownish colour, blackish face, and more slender horns. The describer observes that " the pale K. d. tschadensis, with its long fur and indistinct markings, and the dark K. d. schubotzi, with its bright markings and short coat, seem at first to represent different species rather than local forms of the same species, but the two are connected by K. d. annectens, which combines the long fur of £ d. tschadensis with the dark colour of the present form." REDUNClNyE 237 * » * For the characteristics of the following forms, the types of which, unless otherwise stated, are in the collection of Major Powell-Cotton at Quex Park, Birchington, Kent, reference must be made to the original descriptions. The colour of the forehead, the extent of the dark nose-patch, the length of the white eye-stripe, and the degree of extension of the whitish throat-patch towaids the roots of the ears form some of the chief colour-differences. Ji. Kobus defassa hawashensis, Maischie, Sitzber. Qes. nat. Freunde, 1910, p. 413. Typical locality Hawash Valley, Abyssinia. i. Kobus defassa powelli, Matschie, op. cit. p. 415, 1910. Typical locality Laikipia Plateau, British East Africa. j. Kobus defassa angustioeps, Matschie, op. cit. p. 416, 1910. Typical locality Laikipia Plateau. Jc. Kobus defassa nzoise, Matschie, op. cit. p. 417, 1910. Typical locality Guasin-gishu Plateau, British East Africa. I. Kobus defassa raineyi. Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, No. 13, p. 5, 1913. Typical locality Amala Valley, British East Africa. Type in U. S. National Museum. A large form distinguished from tjcederi by the redder general colour and smaller blackish nose-patch, which stops short of line of eyes. Distinguished from nzoice by superior size, narrower skull, and absence of rufous on nape of neck. m. Kobus defassa fulvifrons, Matschie, op. cit. p. 418, 1910. Typical locality eastward of Kitosh, between the Nzoia and Guaso-masa, British East Africa. n. Kobus defassa avellanifrons, Matschie, op. cit. p. 419, 1910. Typical locality near Kasindi, in the neighbourhood of the mouth of the Semliki, Albert-Edward Nyanza. 238 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES o. Kobus defassa cottoni, Matschie, op. cit. p. 420, 1910. Typical locality Kasindi. p. Kobus defassa dianae, Matschie, op. cit. p. 421, 1910. Typical locality Labelier, or Lobelia, about ten miles from Kasindi. q. Kobus defassa breviceps, Matschie, op. cit. p. 424, 1910. Typical locality Pembe, on the Nile between Dufile and Matete. r. Kobus defassa albertensis, Matschie, op. cit. p. 426, 1910 ; no description. Typical locality Albert Nyanza. s. Kobus defassa ladoensis, Matschie, op. cit. p. 426, 1910. Typical locality between Dufile and Lado. t. Kobus defassa griseotinotus, Matschie, op. cit. p. 427, 1910. Typical locality Kerri, near Kero, north of Lado. u. Kobus unotuosa uwendensis, Matschie, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. V, p. 570, 1911. Typical locality near Isawa, eastern shore of Tanganyika. Type in Berlin Museum. A.— Kobus defassa defassa. Cobus defassa typicus, Jachson, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 282, 1899; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 200, 1908. Cobus unctuosus defassa, Schwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 267, 1913, errorim (op. cit. p. 495, note). Defassa. Typical locality near Lake Tana, Abyssinia. General colour rufous brown, with the bases of the hairs greyish white ; under-parts and inner sides of limbs white ; forehead chestnut-red, sides of face and eye-streak white; ears relatively long (about 8 inches) and pointed, rufous at KEDUNCINyE 239 back ; feet blackish brown, passing into black towards hoofs ; tail (about 12 inches long, exclusive of tuft) coloured like back above ; hairs on neck long and harsh. Fine horns measure from about 29^ to 33 inches in length, with a girth of from 8 to 9^ and a tip-to-tip interval of from 15^ to about 21 inches. The range of this race is generally considered, to extend from western Abyssinia, through Sennar, Kordofan, and the Nile Valley, to the Bhar-el-Ghazal and Lado, and British and German East Africa, but if some at least of the above- mentioned forms are admitted to rank as races, it will have to be more or less curtailed. 76. 9. 26. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Atbara Valley, Abyssinia. Purchased (Gerrard), 1876. 76. 9. S6. 2. Skin, mounted, and skull, female. Same locality. Sa7]ie history. 76. 9. 26. 3. Skeleton. Same locality. Same history. 74. 11. 2. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin. Eoan Valley, noi'th-west Abyssinia. Picrchased, 1874. 6. 11. 1. 59. Skull, with horns, and skin. Lake Zuay (Zwai), Gallaland ; collected by Mr. P. Zaphiro. May belong to hawashensis. Presented iy W. N. McMillan, Esq., 1906. 9. 2. 10. 1. Head, mounted. Sudan. Presented ly K. G. B. Struve, Esq., 1909. 5. 9. 21. 6-7. Two skulls, with horns. Near Eoseires, Sennar, Blue Nile. Presented hy Gapt. E. de H. Smith, 1905. 2. 9. 4. 1. Skin, mounted. Southern Somaliland. Presented hy A. L. Butler, Esq., 1902. 0. 8. 6. 14. Skull and skin, female. White Nile. This and the next two specimens should represent harnieri. Presented ly Gapt. S. S. Flower, 1900. 0. 8. 6. 15. Immature skin. Same locality. Same history. 0. 8. 6. 12-13. Two skins. Bahr-el-Jeref, Upper Nile. Same history. 12. 11. 13. 12. Skull, with horns. Binder Valley, Sudan ; collected by Capt. M. E. T. Gunthorpe. Presented hy Gol. J. E. Gunthorpe, 1912. 98. 7. 2. 8-10. Skull, with horns, head-skin, and body- skin. Lake Eudolf. This and the next three specimens 240 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES may belong to fulvifrons, which is stated by its describer probably to occur in the neighbourhood of Lake Eu.dolf. Presented hy H. Anclrnv, Esq., 1898. 4. 7. 2. 10-11. Two heads, mounted, and the associated body-skins. Probably from the same district. Bequeathed ly H. Andrew, Esq., 1904. 97. 11. 21. 2. Head, mounted. East Africa. Presented hy J. Roivland Ward, Esq., 1897. 12. 9. 18. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. German East Africa, may be referable to adolfi-friderici of Matschie. Presented ly Ccvpt. W. Silver, 1912. 94. 1. 2. o. Skin. Njiemps, Lake Baringo, British East Africa. This and the next specimen may be referable to angusticeps, which occurs near Lake Baringo. Presented hy Dr. J. W. Gre'yory, 1894. 1. 8. 9. 70. Skull and head-skin, female. Lake Baringo. Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.O.M.G., K.C.B., 1901. 1. 8. 9. 69. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Eavine Station, British East Africa. Eeferable, doubtless, to one of the forms from this district described by Matschie. Same history. 9. 7. 8. 6. Skin. Sobat Valley, southern Sudan. Presented ly C. C. Toiver, Esq., 1909. 59. 9. 23. 4. Skull, with horns. Bahr-el-Ghazal. This, and perhaps the preceding specimen, may represent Mat- schie's Iculoensis or griseotinctus. Presented ly Consul J. Petherick, 1859. 3. 6. 7. 1. Skin, mounted, albino female. Zambesia. This specimen appears to be a true albino, with red eyes. Presented hy B. H. Storey, Esq., 1903. B.— Kobus defassa ug-andse. Kobus unctuosus ugandse, O. Neumann, Sitzber. Oes. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 92; Matschie, ibid. 1910, p. 409. Cobus defassa ugandse, Lydekher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 200, 1908 ; Boosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910. Kobus defassa ugandse, HoUister, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 5, 1910. Typical locality Maianda Valley, northern Uganda. Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann. EEDUNCIN^ 241 Described as being lighter-coloured than harnieri* with the forehead bright rufous and more sharply contrasting ■with the body-colour than in either harnieri or matschiei* Size large. Horns more uniformly curved and longer tlian in d. defassa, and thus closely approximating to tliose of K. ellipsiprymmcs. Fine horns measure from 31 to 36f inches in length, with a girth of from 8i to 10 J, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 18J to 36 inches. The Semliki and Nyanza forms to which separate names have been given by Matsohie t are here regarded as inseparable from this race, 63. 7. 7. 1. Head, mounted, Uganda. Noticed by Murie. Proc. Zool. Soc, 1863, p. 3. Presented hy Capt. J. H. Speke, 1863. 1. 8. 9. 124-5. Two skulls with horns. Toru, Uganda. In the larger specimen (fig. 27) the length of the horns is 34^ inches. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901. 5.4.3.19-20. Two skins. South-western Ankoli, Uganda ; collected by Mr. W. G. Doggett. Presented hy Lieut.-Gol. C. Dehne-Eadcliffe, 1905. 5. 4. 3. 21. Skeleton. Same locality and collector. Same history _ 12. 12. 16. 1. Skull, with horns. Ankoli. Presented hy Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G-., G.B., 1912. C— Kobus defassa unctuosus. Cervus sing-sing, Bennett, Bep. Council Zool. Soc. 1832, p. 5, nomen nudum. Antilope koba, Ogilby, Penny Cyclopaedia, vol. i, p. 79, 1834, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 103, nee Erxleben. Antilope sing-sing, Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 41, 1838, nomen nudum. Antilope unctuosa, Laurillard, Did. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 622, 1841 ; Wagner, Schreber's Saugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 434, 1844. Kolus sing-sing, Oray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 159, 1843. Kobus sing-sing, Oray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 15, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 131, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 99, 1852, Cat. Buminants * Supra, p. 234. t Hid. p. 237. II. K 242 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Brit. Mus. p. 15, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 87, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 262, 1862. Antilope defassa, var. senegalensis, Wagner, 8c7ireber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. V, p. 435, 1855. Adenota sing-sing, Fitzinger, Sitmber. k. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 174, 1869. Cobus sing-sing, Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 144, 1883. Cobus unctuosus, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soo. 1893, p. 726 ; Sclater and Thomas, BooTt of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 105, pi. xxxiii, 1896 ; Rothschild, Poiv ell- Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902. Cobus defassa unctuosus, Arnold, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 276, 1899 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 197, 1910. Cobus onotuosus, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 929, 1898, (?) errorim. Kobus defassa unctuosus, PococTc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1904, vol. i, p. 4 (hybrid) . Cobus defassa sing-sing, Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 201, 1908. Kobus unctuosus, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 92. Kobus unctuosa, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1910, p. 409. Sing-sing. Typical locality Senegal. General colour sandy brown, -witli the bases of the hairs whitish ; flanks browner, and contrasting strongly with white rump-patch ; backs of ears, including margins, blackish, inner surfaces filled with long white hairs ; hairs of neck long, thin, and somewhat paler than back ; front of face rather darker brown than back; feet blackish, with narrow white hoof-bands ; tail thin, brown above, like back, with a black tip, length about 14 inches. Fine horns measure from 27 to 31^ inches in length, with a girth of 7i to lOJ, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 12 to 23 inches. The distributional area is taken to include Senegal, Gambia, Nigeria, the Shari Valley, Sierra Leone, and other parts of West Africa. The Shari Valley sing-sing has, however, been separated as tschadensis, and other named forms in the list on pages 234-238 are also based on modifications of the sing-sing. 61. 2. 10. 3. Skin, mounted. Gambia; collected by Mr. J. Whitfield. Presented hij the Earl of Derly, 1861. 46. 11. 20. 12. Skull, female. Same locality and collector. Same donor, 1846. BEDUNCIN^ 243 46. 10. 17. 2. Skeleton, immature. Same locality and collector. Same history. 46. 10. 17. 3. Skin, mounted, young. Same locality and collector. Same history. 46. 10. 17. 4. Skull, with horns, immature. Same locality and collector. Same history. Pig. 28. — Skull and Hobns of Shabi Dbfassa (Cobits defassa unctuosus (?)). 57. 2. 24. 4. Skin. West Africa. Purchased (Zoologieal Soeiety), 1857. 57. 2. 24. 5. Skeleton, female. West Africa. Same history. 5. 12. 10. 4. Skull, female. Lagos. Presented hy W. A. Boss, Esq., 1905. 4. 8. 2. 91. Skin, female. Sierra Leone. Presented hy J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1 904. E 2 244 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 5. 5. 10. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. Wase, ISTorthern Mgeria. Presented hy Dr. H. K. W. Kumm, 1905. 5. 5. 10. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality. Same history. 1. 2. 25. 1. Skin. Niger Valley; collected by Major J. A. Bindon. Presented hy J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1901. 7. 7. 8. 237-238. Two skulls, with horns, and skins (head-skins separate). Ibi, Northern Nigeria; collected by the Alexander-Gosling Expedition. Presented hy the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907. 7. 7. 8. 239-241. Three skulls with horns (fig. 27) and head-skins. Shari Valley. These should be tschadensis. Same collection and history. D.— Kobus defassa erawshayi. Cobus erawshayi, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 723 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 109, pi. xxxiv, 1896 ; Rothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902. Cobus defassa erawshayi, Bryden, Oreat and Small Game of Africa, p. 280, 1899 ; LydeleJcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 201, 1908 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 196, 1910; Letcher, Big Game N.E. Bhodesia, p. 206, 1911. Kobus erawshayi, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1910, p. 409. Typical locality north side of Lake Mweru, north-east Ehodesia. General colour dark iron or smoky grey, passing into blackish on back of neck, lower portions of limbs, and tail, and forming a striking contrast to the large white rump- patch ; this colour becomes gradually lighter and more greyish on flanks, and then merges into the whitish of the under-parts. Fine horns measure from 27 to 31^ inches in length, with a girth of from 7|- to lOj, and a tip-to-tip interval ranging from 12 to 23 inches. 93. 7. 25. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. North shore of Lake Mweru ; collected by E. Crawshay, Esq. Type. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.G.M.G., K.C.B., 1893. 93. 7. 25. 4. Skin and skull with horns. Same locality and collector. Same history. 93. 7. 25. 5. Skin. Same locality and collector. Same history. EEDUNCINiE 245 94. 3. 8. 11. Skin. Same locality. Frcscnfcd hy Sir Alfred Sharpc, K.G.M.G., G.B., 1894. 8. 2. 14. 11. Skull, with horns. South Angoniland. Presented hy C. B. C. Storey, Esq., 1908. E.— Kobus defassa penricei. Cobus penricei, Bothscliild, Novit. Zool. vol. ii, p. 32, pi. iv, 1895, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902 ; Bryden, Field, vol. Ixxxvii, p. 653, 1896 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 113, pi. xxv, 1896. Cobus defassa penricei, Penrice, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 281, 1899 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 201, 1908 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 197, 1910. Kobus penricei, Matschie, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1910, p. 409, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. v, pt. 8, p. 564, 1911. Including Kobus penricei frommi, Matschie, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. v, pt. 3, p. 563, 1911, western German E. Africa. Kobus penricei muenzneri, Matschie, op. cit. p. 567, 1911, German E. Africa, east of Tankanyika. Typical locality interior of Benguela, Angola. Type in Tring Museum. General colour deep brownish black, mingled with reddish brown hairs, thus producing a blue-roan eft'ect, most marked on under-parts and back ; face black, except at base of horns and between ears, where it is chestnut ; a white patch on upper part of throat ; backs of ears rufous brown, with blackish margins and tips ; lower part of legs nearly uniform black, with a narrow white hoof-band ; tail black above and white beneath. Horns relatively short and stout; fine Angolan specimens measuring from 24i to 29 inches in length, with a girth of from 8 to 8|, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 9^ to 20 inches. If the above-mentioned forms named by Matschie are really nearly related to the typical penricei, the range of the race (or of nearly alUed races) will include western German East Africa. 0. 10. 13. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Balomba Valley, Angola. Presented hy G. W. Penrice, Esq., 1900. 0. 10. 14. 1. Skull and skin, female. Same locality; collected by G. W. Penrice, Esq. Ptirchased {Gcrrard), 1900. 246 catalogue of ungulates 2. Subgenus ONOTRAGUS. Onotragus, Gray, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 17, 1872. Size intermediate between typical Kohus and Adcnota ; coat long and rough, not grizzled ; hair of back normal or re\"ersed; neck not heavily maned; horns comparatively long and slender, sublyrate, with a more or less marked double (sigmoid) flexure ; a single pair of inguinal pouches. Distribution east southern and central eastern Africa. The members of this group — whether regarded as distinct species, or, as they may ultimately prove to be, local races of the lechwe — appear to present an analogy in the matter of coloration to the local forms of the typical species of the subgenus Adenota ; rufous and foxy coloured forms inhabiting the more open districts, while in the hot, moist region of the swamps of the Sobat the colour changes to black. The transition from the typical rufous lechwe, through Smithe- man's lechwe, to the black Sobat form is, however, so far as present information goes, less nearly complete — both in the matter of colour and horn-shape — than in the members of the kob group, and the various local forms are, therefore, accorded, at least provisionally, specific rank. The four representatives of the group — of which the second is provisionally recognised — may be distinguished as follows : — A. No white patch in front of withers. a. Hair of back not reversed ; general colour wholly or mainly fulvous. a^. General colour wholly fulvous K. leclie. V-. Some black on bases of shoulders and neck K. 7-obertsi. b. Hair of back reversed ; general colour of back, shoulders, thighs and face more or less blackish brown K. smithemani. B. A large white patch in front of withers K. maria. III. KOBUS (ONOTEAGUS) LECHE. Kobus leohe, Gray, Knoivsley Menagerie, p. 23, 1850 ; Turner, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 174. Adenota leche, Gi-ay, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 130, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 212, 1851 ; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. EEDUNCIN^ 247 ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 77, 1887 ; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 71, 1897. Adenota lechee, Oray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 97, 1852 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 237, 1862. Heleotragus leche. Kirk, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 658. Onotragus lechee. Gray, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 17, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 88, 1873. Cobus leechi, Bucldey, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, p. 201. Cobus lechee, Selous, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 760, A Hunter's Wan- derings in S. Africa, p. 220, 1881 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 90, 1892 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 728 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 149, pi. xlii, 1896 ; Roth- schild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466, Kobus lechee, Nicholls and Eglington, Sportsman in South Africa, p. 42, 1892. Cobus leche, Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 225, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 269, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 218, 1908 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 189, 1900 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 207, 1910. Cobus lechl, Selous, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 299, 1899. Cobus lechwe, Rothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237. Lbchwe, Leche, or Lichi. Type of Onotragus. Typical locality Zonga Valley, near Lake IsTgami. Size intermediate between that of the waterbuck and that of the kob, the shoulder-height being about 40 or 41 inches. Hair coarse, rather long, and rough, that of middle of back directed backwards ; hind surface of pasterns bare. General colour light fulvous ; under-parts, from chin downwards and backwards, white ; area above shoulders, nape- of neck, and region round eyes coloured like back ; fronts of whole of fore-legs and those of hind-legs from the hocks downwards, with the exception of a broad white band above hoofs, black ; tail slender, with a black terminal tuft, just reaching level of hocks. Horns long, moderately slender, sublyrate in form, with an imperfect double, or sigmoid, curve ; fine specimens measure from 29 to 33J inches in length, with a girth of from 7f to 9^, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 18 (in one instance 15) to 27 inches. The distributional area extends from Zambesia to Barot- siland (North-west Ehodesia) and Nyasaland, and westwards to Angola. 248 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 50. 7. 4. 2. Skin, mounted. Zonga Yalley. Type. Presented hy Gapt. F. Vardon, 1850. 81. 4. 20. 1. Skin, mounted. Chobi Valley; collected by F. C. Selous, Esq. Head figured in The Book of Ante- lopes, vol. ii, p. 151. Purchased, 1881. Pig. 29. — Head op the Lechwe (Kcbus [Onotragus] leche). 81.7.27.2. Skull, with horns. Linyanti, Chobi Valley ; same collector. Same history. 0. 11. 25. 1. Head, mounted (fig. 29). Barotsiland, North-eastern Ehodesia. Presented by J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1900. 99. 3. 21. 1-2. Two skulls, with horns, and skins. Barotsiland. Presented hy B. T. Coryndon, Esq., 1899. 94. 3. 8. 9. Skull, with horns, and skin. Nyasaland; collected by Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G. Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.G.M.G., K.G.B., 1894. EEDUNCIN.i: 249 94. 3. 8. 9. Frontlet and horns. Same locality and collector. Same histonj. 0. 8. 17. 1. Skull, with horns, and female head-skin. Angola. Presented hij G. W. Fenricc, Esq., 1900. IV. KOBUS (ONOTEAGUS) EOBEETSI. Cobus robertsi, Rothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237 ; Lydelcker, Game Animals of Africa, Suppl. p. 12, 1911. Typical locality district between Lakes Mweru and Bangweolo, Northern Ehodesia. Type in Tring Museum. Stated to differ from typical lechwe by the presence of black patches on sides of lower part of neck and fore portion of shoulders, as well as by admixture of black hairs on cheeks and sides of throat and neck. The horns are smaller and less massive, with broader and more approximated ridges. As this lechwe occurs in company with the true lechwe, it must be regarded — if anything more than a melanistic phase— as a species rather than a race. 13. 11. 26. 1. Body-skin. Luena Valley, tributary of the KaluDgwisi, N.E. Ehodesia. Presented by G. Blaine, Esq., 1913. 13. 11. 27. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Loango Valley, N.E. Ehodesia. Presented hij 0. E. Wynne, Esq., 1913. V. KOBUS (ONOTEAGUS) SMITHEMANI. Cobus smitbemani, Lydehher, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 982, pi. Ixxi, Game Animals of Africa, p. 222, 1908; Bothschild, Poivell- Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902 ; Letcher, Big Game N.E. Rhodesia, p. 189, 1911. Cobus smitbemanni, Rothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237. Typical locality borders of Lake Mweru, Barotsiland, Northern Ehodesia. Nearly related to K. leche, but with the hair of back reversed, and head, upper-parts, and fronts of limbs more or less completely blackish brown in adult bucks ; elsewhere 250 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES rufous ; horns somewhat intermediate in character between those of leche and maria, showing a more decided sigmoid flexure than in the former. Good horns measure from 20 to 24j inches in length, with a girth of from 5| to 7, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 11 j to 18f inches. Kobus rohertsi is stated to occur in the same area as the typical smithevmni, and according to Eothschild, leche is likewise found in the same district, but this is denied by Letcher, who mentions that while black lechwes swarm in the swamps round Lake Tumbwa, North-east Ehodesia, he never observed a single example of the true lechwe. Black lechwes, he observes, appear to be restricted " to the immense marshes which surround Lakes Bangweolo and Mweru and Tumbwa in North-eastern Ehodesia, and in some parts of the Lukanga Swamp in North-western Ehodesia." A specimen entered below indicates, however, the extension of the range into Congo territory. 99. 2. 22. 1. Skin. Near Lake Mweru. Type. Presented by T. Smitheman, Esq., 1899. o. 11. 17. 2. Skin, mounted. Lake Mweru. Presented hy the Hon. Walter Bothschild, 1903. 4. 2. 15. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Lake Bang- weolo. Same donor, 1904. 2. 7. 21. 1. Head, female, mounted. Lake Mweru. Presented hy P. T. Coryndon, Esq., 1902. 12. 3. 16. 1. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Kashedi, Chambesi Valley, east of Lake Bangweolo. Presented hy the Hon. W. Guinness, 1912. 7. 11. 28. 1. Skin. Lualaba Valley, Congo. Presented hy J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1907. 12. 12. 21. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Mukamba Valley, North-east Ehodesia. Presented hy 0. E. Wynne, Esq., 1912. 7. 11. 15. 1-2. Two skulls, with horns, and head-skins. Chambesi Valley, Chinsola district. Presented hy B. L. Henges, Esq., 1907. 7. 11. 15. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Same locality. Sarae history. 7. 11. 15. 9. Flat skin. Same locality. Savie history. EEDUNCINvE 251 VI. KOBUS (ONOTEAGUS) MARIA. Adenota megaceros, Fiizinger (ex Heuglin), Sitzler. Tc. Ali. Wiss. Wien, vol. xvii, p. 247, 1855, nonien nudum; Heziglin, Nova Acta Ac. Cms, Leap. -Car. vol. xxx, pt. 2, p. 14, pi. ii, figs. 7, 8, 1863 ; Marno, Beise ^gypt. Mguat. Prov. p. 40, 1878. Kobus maria, Ch-ay, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. iv, p. 296, 1859, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 16, 1872, Sand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 87, 1878 ; Oerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 239, 1862 ; Petherick, Travels in Central Africa, vol. i, p. 159, 1869. Kobus megaceros, Marno. Beise Oeb. hlauen u. weissen Nil, p. 387, 1874. Cobus marise, Ward, Becords of Big Came, p. 91, 1892; Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 287, 1899 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1900, p. 34. Cobus maria, LydeMer, Horns and Hoofs, p. 224, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 269, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 205, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 121, pi. xxxvii, 1896 ; Bothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 198, 1910 ; Goldschmidt-Bothschild, Ber. Senclcenberg. Ges. vol. xliii, p. 1, pi. i, 1912. Kobus marise, PococTi, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 916. Onototragus megaceros. Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, No. 7, p. 12, 1913. Typical locality Awan, Balir-el-Ghazal. Size rather less than that of leche ; shoulder-height aljout 38 inches. Hair of back reversed ; general colour dark Ijlackish brown in adult males ; chin and a narrow band on upper lip, inner side of ears, a band on hind part of head, sometimes continued down nape, a large patch above the shoulders, middle of abdomen, inner sides of hind-legs, and a broad band above hoofs white ; a spot in front of eyes, and space between eyes and ears whitish ; tail relatively long and slender, reaching about to hocks, blackish brown above, inclusive of whole terminal tuft, and white below; hoofs relatively long ; horns long and slender, heavily ridged nearly to tips, inclining at first backwards, diverging and curving forwards in the middle, and then bending back- wards and inwards towards the tips, so as to form a distinctly double, or sigmoid, flexure. Good horns measure from 28 to 32 inches in length, with a girth of from 6i to 7j, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 12 to 21j inches. 252 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES The distributional area includes the swamps of the White Nile and neighbouring rivers. 59. 9. 22. 8. Skull, with horns (fig. 30), originally mounted with head-skin. Awan, Bahr-el-Ghazal ; collected Fig. 30. — Skull and Hobhb of Mbs. Geay's Lechwe {Kobus [Onotragus] maria). by Consul J. Petherick. Type ; figured in The Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 123, from Gray's original illustration. P^ir chased, 1859. 59. 9. 22. 9. Skull, female. Kek, Bahr-el-Ghazal ; same collector. Co-type. 8a7ne history. 0. 8. 7. 6. Skin, moiinted. White Mle. Presented hy Major H. N. Dunn, 1900. 0. 8. 6. 11. Skin. Lake N"o, Bahr-el-Ghazal. Presented hy Capt. S. S. Flower, 1900. KEDUNCINJi 253 3. Subgenus ADENOTA. Adenota, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 129 ; Pococlt, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 915. Kelatively small antelopes, with short or moderately long coat, not grizzled ; hair of back reversed ; neck not maned ; horns relatively short, sublyrate, without well-marked double (sigmoid) flexure ; a single pair of inguinal pouches. Distribution Equatorial and Southern Africa. The two species here recognised may be distinguished as follows : — A. Front of fore-legs black ; hair short Kohus Ttoh. B. Front of fore-legs rufous ; hair longer Kohus vardoni. VII. KOBUS (ADENOTA) KOB. Antilope kob, Erxlehen, Syst. Begn. Anim. p. 293, 1777 ; Zimmcrmann, Geogr. Geschichie, vol. ii, p. 124, 1780 ; Gatterer, Brev. Zool. vol. i, p. 84, 1780 ; Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 234, 1804 ; Besmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. ii, p. 187, 1816, Mammal- ogie, vol. ii, p. 457, 1822 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1240, 1818 ; Lesson, Man. Mainm. p. 375, 1827 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 463, 1829 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 38, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 634, 1868; Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 617, 1841 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 435, 1844, vol. v, p. 432, 1855 ; Fraser, Zool. Typ. pi. XX, 1849 ; Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Ouine, pp. 190 and 199, 1853. Cerophorus (Gazella) kob, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75. Antilope forfex, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 221, vol. V, p. 334, 1827 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 209, 1836 ; Beichenbach, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 110, 1845. Antilope adenota, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 223, vol. V, p. 335, 1827 ; A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 209, 1834 ; Beichenbach, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 110, 1845. Kobus adansoni, A. Smith, Illustr. Zool. S. Africa, Mamm. text to pi. xxix, 1840. Antilope annulipes. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. x, p. 262, 1842. Adenota kob. Gray, Enowsley Menagerie, p. 14, pis. xiv and xv, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 129, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 211, 1851, Cat. ZJngulata Brit. Mus. p. 96, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 17, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 87, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 238, 1862; Fitzinger, Siizber. h. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 174, 1869 ; Jentinh, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays- Bas, vol. ix) p. 130, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (op. cit. 254 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES vol. xi) p. 152, 1892 ; Matschie, Mitt, deutsch. Schutzgehiete, vol. vi, p. 17, 1893 ; Pojtsargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 58, 1897 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 91 ; PococTc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 915 ; Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 7, p. 11, 1913; BotJischild, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xii, p. 574, 1913. Adenota buffoni, Fitzinger, Sitzber. It. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. li, pt. 1, p. 174, 1869. Adenota annulipes, Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, pp. 53 and 73, 1897. Cobus kob, Lydekher, Field, vol. Ixxvii, p. 980, 1891, Horns and Hoofs, p. 224, 1893; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 638; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 2, p. 197, 1896 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 137, pi. xl, 1896 ; Arnold, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 291, 1899 ; Bothschild , Powell-Cotton' s Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 469, 1902. Adenota koba, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 91. Cobiis cob, Lydehher, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 794, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 269, 1899; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 392, 1907. Cobus ooba, Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 210, 1908 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 203, 1910. Kob. Type of Adenota. Typical locality Upper Guinea. A variable species, ranging in shoulder-height from about 34 to 36 inches, and in coloi^r from rich orange fulvous, or foxy red, to dark blackish brown in adult bucks, with more or less white in the region of the eye ; coat short and sleek, reversed on middle of back from loins to neck ; front of fore-legs black, and frequently a white hoof-band ; muzzle, lips, chest, under-parts, and inner sides of upper portions of limbs white. The distribution embraces Equatorial Africa from Guinea to Uganda. The existence of a more or less complete transition in the matter of colouring from the typical red K. koha to the dark blackish brown K. k. leucotis was pointed out in 1908 by the writer, who did not, however, then propose to class the latter and the intermediate types as local races of the former. Subsequent information has, however, convinced him that this is the proper course to adopt. Evidence of such a gradation is afforded by the skulls and head-skins of two kobs from the Bahr-el-Ghazal, EEDUNCIN^ 255 probably referable to K. h. nigroscapulatus, which came under the writer's observation in 1911. One of these, obtained near the junction of the Bahr-el-Arab with the Balir-el-Ghazal, was (as shown by the worn cheek-teeth) an older buck than the other ; it had blackish markings on the sides of the neck, and the tips of the backs of the ears fawn, but the rest dirty white — quite different from the pure white of leucotis. The second and younger buck, killed on the Jur Eiver (also in the northern portion of the Bahr-el-Ghazal), had no black on the neck, and the ears were foxy throughout. In both specimens, which were killed during August and September, the horns were stouter, shorter, and less curved than those of leucotis, and, there- fore, more like those of thomasi. Both apparently belong to the same race, the differences in colour being due to difference in age, and they seem to indicate a race inter- mediate between the leucotis type on the one hand, and thomasi on the other. Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 7, p. 12, accepts the view that all the Nile kobs are races of Kobus kob. The following is a tentative key to the named races, some of which are only provisionally recognised as such : — A. Backs of ears fulvous; white orbital area usually small. a. Size relatively large. a'. Horns short, slender, and long- pointed ; light patch above eye narrow, and that below eye pale buff K. h. thomasi. 6'. Horns stouter, short-pointed, and puku-like ; no white above eye . . . K. h. loderi (including pousarguesi) . h. Size (typically) smaller. a'. General colour wholly fulvous. a'. Size smaller ; a huffish white area above eye K. Jc. Jcob, b'. Size rather larger ; flanks paler ; skull narrower K.h.adolfi. c^. Size smaller; flanks darker K. h. har-heeton. d?-. Horns larger and heavier, general colour paler, and white patch above eye pure, and extending below end of tear-duct K. Tc. neumanni. 256 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 6'. Some dark colouring, at least oooa- sionally, on body or neck. a^. Upper-parts in some oases dusky K. Tc. nigricans. 6'. Hind-quarters black-speckled K. Jc. ubangiensis. B. Backs of ears often partially white ; white of orbital region larger ; ears frequently wanting black tips. a. Size small ; white orbital area medium K. k. alurce, b. Size large ; whole orbital region white K. Tc. notatus. c. Backs of ears white; white of orbital region large. a. General colour in dark phase blackish brown mingled with fulvous hairs ... K. k. nigroscajpulatus. h. General colour (in adult males) deep black K. 7c. leucotis. In addition to the above, the name Adenota mejigesi has been proposed by 0. Neumann (Sifzber. Ges. naf. Freunde, 1900, p. 560), on the evidence of a horn of a light, slender gazelle-like type from southern Somaliland. A.— Kobus kob kob. Cobus coba typicus, Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 200, 1910. Adenota kob kob, Schwarx, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 497, 1913. BnFFON's, or Western Kob. Typical locality Upper Guinea. Size relatively small, the shoulder-height being about 34 inches. General colour orange fulvous, with a whitish ring round each eye and another round base of each ear ; the ears themselves being fulvous on the back, with indistinct black tips, and white internally ; an indistinct blackish stripe down front of fore-legs from some distance above knees to hoofs, usually interrupted by a white band just above the latter ; hind-legs similarly marked, but the black commencing about middle of shanks. Horns relatively small, good specimens measuring from 19 to 21| inches in length, with a girth of from 6 to 7f, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 5i to 14J inches. The distributional area extends from Gambia to Nigeria. The writer follows 0. Neumann in considering annulvpes (p. 254) as inseparable from thg present race. "REDUNOIN.^i :!07 46. 11. 20. 9. Imperfect skull, very young female. Gambia ; collected by Mr. J. Whitfield. Presented lij the Earl of Derby, 1846. 46. 11. 2. 21. Skull, with horns, immature and imperfect. Same locality and collector. Same history. 46. 11. 2. 10. Skin, immature female. Same locality and collector. Same history. Pig. 31. — Skull and Hobks op Wbstbbn Kob (Kobus kob). 46. 10. 17. 5. Skin, immature, mounted. Same locality and collector. Sa77ie history. 46. 10. 23. 15. Skin, immature female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 8. 5. 14. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Gambia. Presented by W. B. Stanley, Esq., 1908. 64. 6. 15. 2. Head, immature, mounted. West Africa ; collected by Mr. Dalton, probably in Gambia. Pvrchased, 1864. 11. s 258 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 65. 5. 3. 11. Skull, -with liorn?. West Africa, probably Gambia; same collector. Purchased (Stevens), 1865. 95. 8. 25. 4. Skin. Lukoja, Northern Nigeria. Presented hy Lieut.-Col. Sir F. J. D. Lugard, K.O.M.G., G.B., 1895. 95. 8. 25. 5-6. Two skulls, with horns, immature. Same locality. Same collector. 5. 5. 10. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin. Wase, Northern Nigeria. Presented hy Dr. H. K. W. Knmm, 1905. 5. 5. 10. 8-9. Two skins. Same locality. Same history. 7. 7. 8. 241-244. Four skulls, with horns, and head-skins. Ibi, Northern Nigeria; collected during Alexander-Gosling Expedition. Presented hy the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907. 13. 8. 3. 6. Skull, with horns and skin. Upper Gambia. Presented hy G. Blaine, Esq., 1913. 13. 8. 3. 7. Skull, with horns. Same locality. Same history. B. — Kobus kob nig-ricans. Cobus nigricans, Lydehher, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 794, pi. liii, Game Animals of Africa, p. 214, 1908. Typical locality Sierra Leone. A provisional race characterised by the dusky colour of the type specimen (a female), the hair on the middle of the back Ijeing chocolate-brown, while that on the flanks is tawny, passing into white on the under-parts ; other specimens from the same district are, however, of the fulvous colour of the typical race. 99. 6. 23. 8. Skull and skin, female. Kafari, 80 miles north-west of Freetown, Sierra Leone. Type. Purchased (Gerrard), 1899. 99. 6. 23. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Sierra Leone Hinterland. Same history. 99. 6. 23. 5. Skull and skin, female, immature. Same locality. Same history. 99. 6. 23. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Same locality. Same history. 99. 6. 23. 4. Skin, mounted. Same locality. The hair is wholly fulvous (rufous), as in typical race. Same history. EEDUNCINi^i 259 C— KobUS kob adolfl, nom. n. Adenota kob adolfi-friderioi, Scliwarz, Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 496, 1913, nee Kobus adolfi-friderioi, Matschie. Typical locality German side of the mouth of the Shari, Bornu, north-west Africa. Type iu Senckenberg ]\Iuseum, Frankfort-am-Maine. Described as larger than typical race, with the flank-zone paler, the horns stouter, and the skull relatively narrower. General colour fulvous (bistre), darker posteriorly, lighter on the shoulders and neck, and face flank-zone yellowish buff (maize-yellow), darkening on thighs ; hoof-bands broad and yellowish ; otherwise much as in typical race. No specimen in collection. D.— Kobus kob bahr-keetse. Adenota kob bahr-keetse, Scliwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 497, 1913. Typical locality Bahr Keeta, north-east of Fort Archam- bault, Upper Shari district, north-west Africa. Type in Senckenberg Museum. Stated to be rather smaller than preceding race, with darker flank-zone, and weaker, somewhat deflected horns. General colour deep fulvous (brownish terra-cotta), darker posteriorly, lighter on shoulders, neck, and face ; flank-zone hght fulvous, darkening on thighs (buff); otherwise as in typical race. No specimen in collection. E.— Kobus kob ubangiensis. Adenota kob ubangiensis, Schtvarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 498, 1913. Typical locality Duma, near Libenge, Ubangui (Ubangi) Valley, north-west Africa. Type in Senckenberg Museum. Darker than preceding race, with a distinct black suffusion. General colour much like the " ru ochre " of the " Eeport de Couleurs," but somewhat more brownish, and distinctly but s 2 260 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES finely speckled with black, especially posteriorly ; no speckling on legs, neck, shoulders, and face ; flank-zone " cinnamon," thighs only slightly darker ; black markings and distribution of white as in preceding race. Schwarz remarks that this and the two preceding forms are very closely allied, aiid that more material from inter- mediate localities will certainly show them to intergrade, but the extremes at hand are different enough from each other to deserve subspecifio rank. F.—Kobus kob alurse. Adenota kob alurfe, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 7, p. 11, 1913. Typical locality Lado Enclave. Type in U. S. National Museum. Similar in colour to the next race, but smaller, approaching in this respect the typical kob ; the hair is also shorter, the skull is smaller and flatter, the hoofs are shorter, and the white area round the eyes is very much larger, including the whole orbital region, while the backs of the ears show a tendency to whiteness, being in some cases uniformly buff, without black tips. No specimen in collection. G.— Kobus kob loderi. Cobus vardoni loderi, Lydekher, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 984, Game Animals of Africa, p. 215, 1908 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, p. 212, 1910. Cobus loderi, Rothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Ahyssitiia, p. 467, 1902. (?) Adenota pousarguesi, 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 91. (?) Cobus coba pousarguesi, Lydehker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 210, 1908. Typical locality u.nknowu. Type in collection of Sir E. G. Loder, Leonardslee, Horsham, Sussex. Described from a skull and horns, the latter of which are characterised by their stoutness and the shortness of their tips, and carry seventeen ridges ; in form they are inter- REDUNCIN.E 261 mediate between those of typical koh and those of vardoni. They measure 21* inches in length, with a girtli of 8 inches, and a tip-to-tip interval of 8^ inches. Adcnota pou,sarg2iesi, of which the typical locality is the Sanaga Valley, southern Cameruns, differs from typical hob Pig. 32. — Skull (wanting lower Jaw) and Hoens of Lodee'b Koe (Kohus koh loderi). From Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 983. by the darker rufous of the coat, the absence of white above the eye, and the stouter and less elegantly curved horns, which have shorter tips, and in general form are intermediate between those of typical koh and those of rardnni. * According to Ward's measurement. 262 CATALOGUE OF Ui^lGULATES With the present iEformation it seems impossible to distinguish loderi from pousarguesi ; but if they be not identical, the latter will, of course, be entitled to rank as another race of the present species. Xo specimen in the collection. H.— Kobus kob neumanni. Fig. 33. — Head and Neck op Albert Nyanza Kob (Kohus kob neumanni). Trom a photograph lent by Kowland Ward, Ltd. Adenota kob neumanni, Bothschild, Aim. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xii, p. 575, 1913. Typical locality Albert ISTyanza. Type in Tring Museum. Paler than typical kob, with the white above eye pure REDUNCIN^E 263 (instead of buffish) and continued downwards to below end of face-gland duct ; size large ; horns long and heavy. 1. 7. 15. 1. Skull, with horns. Albert Edward Nyanza. Presented hj J. E. S. Moore, Esq., 1901. 4. 3. 25. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. South end of Albert Nj^anza. Topo-type. Presented by J. J. Behrcns, Esq., 1904. 1. 8. 9. 77. Skin. Semliki Plains, between Albert and Albert Edward Nyanza. Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901. 94. 5. 4. 3. Skull, with horns. South-west of Albert Nyanza. Presented by Lieut.-Col. Sir E. J. B. Lvytird., K.G.M.G., G.B., 1894. 12. 9. 14. 1. Skin, mounted. Near Guasin-gishu, British East Africa. The backs of the ears are mainly fulvous and the white orbital areas large. Presented by G. Bulpett, Esq., 1012. I. — Kobus kob notatus. Adenota kob notata, Bothschild, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xii, p. 575, 1913. Typical locality Gebel Achmed Agha, Upper White Nile Type in Tring Museum. General colour fulvous ; white orbital area extending from base of horns half-way down to nose; no black ear- tip (which is present in most or all of preceding races) ; horns long and slender. 0. 8. 6. 16. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature, provisionally referred to this race. White Nile. Presented by Gapt. S. S. Flower, 1900. 0. 8. 6. 17. Skin, immature female. Same locality. Same history. 1. 4. 22. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin (head-skin separate). Gebel Achmed Agha, White Nile. Topotype. Presented by E. N. Buxton, Esq., 1901. 1. 4. 22. 1. Head-skin and skull, with horns. Same locality. Same history. 264 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES J. — Kobus kob thomasi. Kobus leucotis, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 103, neo LicJiten- stein and Peters. Kobus kob, Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 91, 1892; Lugard, East Africa, vol. i, p. 588, 1893 ; Jackson, Big Game Shooting {Bad- minton Libr.) vol. i, p. 296, 1894 ; Scott-Elliot, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 341 ; nee Antilope kob, Erxlehen. Adenota kob, Matschie, Sdugethiere Deutsch-Ostafriha, p. 126, 1895. Adenota koba, Matschie, o%j. cit. p. 147, 1895. Cobus thomasi, Sclater (ex Neumann), Proc. Zool. Soe. 1895, p. 868 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 2, p. 128, 1896 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelojies, vol. ii. p. 181, pi. xxxix, 1896 ; Bydehher, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 269, 1899 ; JacTison, ibid. p. 289; Rothschild, Powell-Cotton's Trip through Abyssinia, p. 467, 1902 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 392, 1907. Adenota thomasi, O. Neumann, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1896, p. 193, SUzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1900, p. 560 ; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 74, 1897 ; Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mam. Mus. Madrid, p. 126, ] 912. Cobus coba thomasi, Lydeklcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 211, 1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 205, 1910. Kobus cob thomasi, Roosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910. Adenota kob thomasi. Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 7, p. 11, 1913. Cobus (Adenota) thomasi, Revilliod, Verh. nat. Ges. Basle, vol. xxiv, p. 210, 1913. Typical locality Berkeley Bay, A^ictoria Nyanza. Similar in general character and marking to typical koh, but considerably larger — shoulder-height about 35^ inches — and the markings more distinct, those of the legs being a deeper black, light orbital region narrow and white above eye, pale buff below. Horns short and slender, with long tips ; iine specimens measuring from 20 to 24^ inches, with a girth, usually, of from about 6 to 7| inches (occasionally 8| or 8^), and a tip-to-tip interval of from 5 to IBt^ inches. In the plate in The Book of Antelopes the white hoof-bands are not shown. The range includes Kavirondo and the neighbouring districts. 94. 3. 14. 2. Body-skin. Berkeley Bay, Victoria Nyanza; collected by E. Gedge, Esq. Pertains to same animal as the type head (P.Z.S. 1895, p. 865, fig.), which was then in Mr. Gedge's collection. Presented hy J. Eowlancl Ward, Esq., 1894. REDUNCIN^. 2(jri 91. 1. 6. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Kavirondo, East Central Africa. Presented hij Sir F. J. Jacl^son, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1891. 63. 7. 7. 8. Head, mounted. Uganda. Presented iy Ca.pt. J. H. Spelr, 180;'.. 95. 3. 5. 6. Skin. Uganda. Presented hy G. F. Scott-Elliot, Esq., 1895. 95 3. 5. 8. Skull, with horns. Same locality. Same history. 1. 8. 9. 126. Skull, with horns. Toro, Uganda. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.G.B., 1901. 2. 4. 8. 5. Skull, with horns. Kagera Valley, Ankoli, south-west Uganda. Presented hy ('apt. Flslier, 1902. K.— Kobus kob nig-roscapulatus. Adenota nigroscapulata, Maischie, Situher. Ges. nat„ FreuncTe, 1899, p. 15 ; Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 7, p. 12, 1913. Cobus nigroscapulatus, Bothscliild, Powell-Cotton' s 8x>orting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 467, 1902. Cobus vaughani, LydeJcher, Field, vol. cviii, p. 693, 1906, Game Animals of Africa, p. 207, 1908; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 202, 1910; Selous, Field, vol. oxviii, p. 551, 1911. Cobus coba nigroscapulatus, LydeMer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 210, 1908. Adenota [kob] vaughani. Heller, S7nithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 7, p. 12, 1913. Kobus vaughani, Boosevelt, 8. African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910. Typical locality Bahr-el-Ghebel, a little west of the Mongalla district of the Sudan. Type m Zoological Museum, Darmstadt. General colour-pattern similar to that of next race (leucotis), but dark area in black phase much mixed with fulvous hairs ; light phase (vaughani) fulvous. The type specimen was probably in the intermediate stage, being described as having an oval black spot on the nose, and a broad black band on each side of the neck bordering the white of the chest. Heller regards this form as inseparable from leueotis. 6. 7. 13. 1. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Khor Lowala, between Mongalla and Gondokoro. Presented by Crauford Logan, Esq., 1906. 266 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 60. 4. 20. 5. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Bahr-el- Ghazal Valley; collected by Consul J. Petherick. The reference of this and the five following specimens to this race is provisional. Furcliased {Stevens), 1860. 60. 4. 20. 6. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Same locality and collector. Same history. 59. 9. 25. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. Awan, Bahr- el-filiazal; same collector. Pii,rchased, 1859. 59. 9. 25. 6. Skull, immature. Eek, Bahr-el-Ghazal ; same collector. Same history. 59, 9. 25. 7. Skull, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 8. 6. 25. 1. Head, mounted. Bahr-el-Ghazal. Presented by Norman B. Smith, Esq., 1908. 12. 6. 25, 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bahr-el-Ghazal Valley. Presented by Gapt. Hunter Little, 1912. 6. 10. 20. 1. Head mounted; fulvoias phase. Wau, Bahr-el-Ghazal. Type of vaughani. In this specimen the general type of colouring is very similar to that of leucotis, Ijoth surfaces of the ears, and a large patch extending from them to surround each eye, the muzzle, chin, and upper part of throat, as well as the lower portion of the chest, being- white ; elsewhere general colour of head bright fulvous (foxy red), with a tinge of brown along middle of nose ; base of ears externally fulvous, and wliite area between eye and ear rather smaller than in next race. Presented by Capt. P. E. Vauyhan, 1906. L. — Kobus kob leucotis. Antilope leucotis, Lichtenstein and Peters, Monatsber. Ale. Berlin, 1853, p. 164, Abh. Ak. Berlin, p. 96, 1854; SchweinfurtJi, Im Herzen Afriha, vol. i, p. 213, vol. ii, p. 533, 1874 ; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 38, 1887 ; Emin, Beise-Briefe, pp. 99 and 206, 1888 ; Junher, Travels in Africa, p. 441, 1891. Adenota lechee, Oray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. iv, p. 296, 1859, nee ejusdem, 1850. Kobus leucotis, Oerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 239, 1862 ; Gray, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 16, 1872, Hand-List Biimitiants Brit. Mus. p. 87, 1873. Adenota leucotis, Hruglin, Nova Acta Ac. Cces. Leop.-Car. vol. xxx, pt. 2, pp. 12 and 13, pi. i, fig. 4, 1863 ; Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 7, p. 11, 1913, as a race of Tcob. EEDUNCIN^ 267 (?) Adenota kul and A. wuil, Heuglin, loc. cit. Hydrotragus leucotis, Fitzinger, Sitzber. h. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 175, 1869. Cervicapra leucotis, Baker, Ismailia, vol. ii, p. 531, 1874. Cobus leucotis, Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 91, 1892, cd. 6, p. 200, 1910 ; Lijdekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 224, 1893, Great and Small Gams of Africa, p. 269, 1899, Field, vol. cviii. p. 138, 1906, Game Animals of Africa, p. 206, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 127, pi. xxxviii, 1896 ; Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 287, 1899 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1900, p. 85 ; Rothschild, Powell- Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 467, 1902. Cobus (Adenota) leucotis, BevilUod, Verh. nat. Ges. Basle, vol. xxxiv, p. 210, 1913. Typical locality swamps of the White Nile, about sixty miles below Khartum. Type in Zoological Museum, Berlin. Size approximately the same as in thomasi. General colour — in adult bucks — deep black ; a large patch round the eyes and ears of each side, the whole of the backs of the ears, the muzzle, chin, and upper part of throat, together with chest and inner sides of upper portion of limbs, white ; fronts of fore-legs and lower part of those of hind pair, with the exception of a broad white hoof-band to each, blackish ; horns relatively slender. Young males, and apparently females at all ages, fulvous. Good horns measure from 21 to 22^ inches in length (in one case, if rightly determined, 24|), with a girth of from 6 to 7^ inches, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 6f to 15| inches. Whether some or all adult bucks assume a seasonal fulvous phase is not known. The range embraces the swamps of the Upper Nile region, inclusive of the Sobat. 0. 8. 7. 3. Skin, mounted. White Nile. This and the two following specimens appear to be in some degree inter- mediate between typical leucotis and nigroscaimlatus. Presented ly Major H. N. Dunn, 1900. 0. 8. 7. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality. Senile history. 0. 8. 7. 5. Skin. Same locality. Same history. ^68 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES VIII. KOBUS (ADENOTA) VAEDONI. Antilope vardoni, Livingstone, Missionary Travels 8. Africa, p. 256 and pi. p. 71, 1857. Heleotragus vardonii, KirT(, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 657. Cobus vardoni, Selovs, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 759, pi. Ixv, A Hunter's Wanderings in 8. Africa, pp. Ill, 147 and 219, pi. V, 1881, Great and 8mall Game of Africa, p. 294, 1909; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 9, 1892, ed. 6, p. 211, 1910; 8clater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 98, 1893, p. 728 ; Lydehker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 227, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 269, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 215, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 141, pi. xli, 1896 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna 8. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 191, 1900 ; Rothschild, Pmvell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abys- sinia, p. 467, 1902 ; Letcher, Big Game N.E. Rhodesia, p. 197, 1911. Eleotragus vardoni, Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. 1887, p. 48 ; Matschie, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1891, p. 138. Kobvis vardoni, Nicholls and Fglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 43, 1892. Adenota vardoni, Matschie, Sdugethiere Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 126, 1895; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 72, 1897. POKU, PooKOO, or PoKcr. Typical locality apparently the Chobi Valley, Zambesia. Distinguished from all the races of the preceding species by the absence of black markings on the legs, the longer and rougher coat, and the practical or complete absence of white hoof-bands. General colour very similar to that of K. kob thomasi, the white orbital area being small, and the backs of the ears fulvous, with black tips. Horns relatively short and stout ; good specimens measure from 18 to 20| inches in length, with a girth of from 6 J to 8.^, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 4 to 17 inches. The range extends from the Zambesi and Chobi Valleys, through Barotsiland, to Lakes Mweru and Bangweolo. The two races (exclusive of lodcri, which is classed above as a race of koh) are distinguished as follows : — A. Size larger, shoulder-height about 35 5 inches ; black ear-tips small K. v. vardoni. B. Size smaller ; black ear-tips larger, and general colour darker K. v. senganus. REDDNCIN^ 269 A.— Kobus vardoni vardoni. Cobus vardoni typicus, Selous, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 294, 1899; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 211, 1910. Typical locality apparently the Chobi Valley. Shoulder-height about 35^ inches ; black ear-tip,s small. 81. 4. 20. 2. Skin, mounted. Umparvia, Chobi Valley ; collected by F. C. Selous, Esq. Purchased, 1881. 81. 4. 20. 3. Skin, mounted, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 63. 8. 4. 2. Frontlet and horns. Zambesia ; collected by G. W. Clapp, Esq. Purchased, 1863. 93. 7. 25. 6. Skull, with horns. Lake Mweru ; collected by E. Crawshay, Esq. Presented by Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.G.B., 1893. 93. 7. 25. 7. Skull, with horns. Same locality and col- lector. Same history. 94. 3. 8. 10. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality ; collected by Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.O.M.G. Purchased, 1894. 2. 4. 21. 1. Skin, mounted. Same locality; collected by E. T. Coryndon, Esq. Purchased {Ward), 1902. 8. 7. 12. 1. Head, mounted. Choma district, Lake Mweru. Presented hy J. Pioivland Ward, JSsq., 1908. 1. 5. 3. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Loangwa Valley, Lake Mweru. Presented by U. T. Coryndon, Esq., 1901. 6. 5. 2. 3. Skin. Loangwa Valley. Presented by H. Cookson, Esq., 1906. 7. 11. 15. 5. Skull, with horns, and head-skin, immature. Kalungwisi Valley, Lake Mweru. Presented by B. L. Hargcr, Escf, 1907. 12. 3. 16. 2. Skull, with horns. Lipashoski Valley, Lake Bangweolo. Presented by the Hon. W. Guinness, 1912. 98. 5. 22. 24. Skull and skin, female. Urori, Nyasaland. Presented by Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., G.B., 1898. B.— Kobus vardoni senganus. Cobus senganus, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 145, 1896 ; LydeJctcer, Proa. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 794 ; Roth- schild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 467, 1902. Cobus vardoni senganus, Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 299, 1899 ; LydeJcJcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 215, 1908. 270 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Typical locality Senga, Upper Loangwa Valley, west of north end of Lake Nyasa. Smaller and darker coloured (especially on head) than typical race, with the black of ear- tips occupying fully one-third the length of backs of ears, instead of being restricted to summits. 96. 9. 15. 1. Skull and skin, female. Upper Loangwa Valley. Type. Presented hy B. Crawsliay, Esq., 1896. 99. 3. 21. 4. Skin, mounted, female. Barotsiland, north- west Ehodesia. Presented hy B. T. Coryndon, Esq., 1899. 99. 3. 21. 3. Frontlet, with horns, and skin. Same locality. Same history. 8. 2. 14. 18. Skin. ISTear junction of Bua and Eusa Elvers, South Angoniland. Presented hy G. B. 0. Storey, Esq., 1908. INDEX OF GENEKA AND SPECIES abyssioioa n5'ans», Sylvicapra, 118 abyssinica, Sylvicapra, 117 abyssinious, Cephalophus, 117 abyssinicTis, Cephalophus grimmi, 117 abyssinious hindei, Ceplialophus, 119 abyssinicus shirensis, Cephalo- phus, 120 aceratos, Oreotragus, 130 aceratos, Oreotragus oreotragus, 130 aceratos, Oreotragus saltator, 130 Aoronotus, 3 Acronotus bubalis, 5 Acronotus caama, 25 Acronotus lelwel, 19 Acronotus lunatus, 37 acuticornis, Antilope, 147 aouticornis, Antilope (Raphice- rus), 147 aouticornis, Cerophorus (Cervi- capra), 147 adansoni, Kobus, 253 Adenota, 253 Adenota annulipes, 254 adenota, Antilope, 253 Adenota buffoni, 254 Adenota kob, 253, 264 Adenota kob adolfi-friderioi, 259 Adenota kob alurae, 260 Adenota kob bahr-keetse, 259 Adenota kob kob, 256 (Adenota) kob, Kobus, 258 Adenota kob neumanni, 262 Adenota kob notata, 263 Adenota kob thomasi, 264 Adenota kob ubangiensis, 259 Adenota [kob] vaughani, 265 Adenota koba, 254, 264 Adenota kul, 267 Adenota leche, 246 Adenota leohee, 247, 266 Adenota leuootls, 266 (Adenota) leuootis, Cobus, 267 Adenota n:iegaceros, 251 Adenota nigroscapulata, 265 Adenota pousarguesi, 260 Adenota sing-sing, 242 Adenota thomasi, 264 (Adenota) thomasi, Cobus, 264 Adenota vardoni, 268 (Adenota) vardoni, Kobus, 268 Adenota wuil, 267 adolfl, Kobus kob, 259 adolfl-frederioi, Cobus ellipsi- prymnus, 235 adolfi-friderici, Adenota kob, 259 adolfl-friderici, Kobus, 235 adrob, Cervicapra, 214 sequatoria, Ourebia montana, 140 aequatorialis, Cephalophus, 98 ffiquatorialis, Cephalophus mela- norheus, 98 aequatorialis, Guevei, 98 fequinootialis, Cephalophus, 98 Aigoceros ellipsiprymnus, 226 Aigocerus ellipsiprymnus, 226 akeleyi, Neotragus moschatus, 161 albertensis, Kobus defassa, 238 albifrons, Aloelaphus, 35 albifrons, Antilope, 35, 113 albifrons, Bubalis, 35 albifrons, Damalis, 35 albifrons, Damalisous, 35 albifrons, Gazella, 35 albojubatus, Connochsetes, 58 albojubatus, Connochsetes tauri- nus, 58 albojubatus, Gorgon, 58 Aloelaphus, 3 Alcelaphus albifrons, 35 Aloelaphus bubale, 5 Alcelaphus bubalinus, 5 Aloelaphus bubalis, 5 (Alcelaphus) bubalis, Cerophorus, 5 Alcelaphus caama, 25 INDEX (Aleelaphus) oaama, Cerophorus, 25 Aleelaphus ookei, 13 Alcelaphvis (Damalis) hunteri, 46 Aleelaphus hunteri, 46 Aleelaphus liohtensteiui, 29 Aleelaphus lunatus, 37 Aleelaphus pygargus, 84 Aleelaphus tora, 8 altifrons, Antilope, 113 altifrons, Cephalophus, 113 altifrons, Cephalophus gvimmi, 113 altivallis, Cephalophus grimmi, 120 altivallis, Sylvieapra grimmi, 120 alurse, Adenota kob, 260 alurse, Kobus kob, 260 amioenus, Cephalophus natalensis, 69 anehietiE, Cephalophus, 98 anehiette, Cephalophus melano- rheus, 98 angustieeps, Kobus defassa, 287 annectens, Kobus defassa, 236 annulipes, Adenota, 254 annulipes, Antilope, 253 Antilope aeutieornis, 147 Antilope adenota, 253 Antilope albifrons, 35 Antilope altifrons, 118 Antilope annulipes, 253 Antilope arundinaceus, 204 Antilope arundinum, 203 Antilope (Boselaphus) gnu, 51 Antilope brevicaudata, 138 Antilope bubalis, 4 Antilope burohelli, 108 Antilope buselaphus, 4 Antilope oaama, 24 Antilope campestris, 146, 147 Antilope capensis, 51, 147 Antilope capreolus, 199 Antilope (Cephalolophus) oamp- bellise, 116 Antilope (Cephalolophus) max- welli, 94 Antilope (Cephalolophus) natalen- sis, 68 Antilope (Cephalolophus) rufila- tus, 87 Antilope (Cephalophus) burohelli, 107 Antilope (Cephalophus) oserulea, 100 Antilope (Cephalophus) corona- tus, 115 Antilope (Cephalophus) dorsalis, 80 Antilope (Cephalophus) maxwelli, 93,94 Antilope (Cephalophus) melano- rheus, 96 Antilope (Cephalophus) ogilbyi, 83 Antilope (Cephalophus) perpu- silla, 101 Antilope (Cephalophus) philan- tomba, 93 Antilope (Cephalophus) platous, 107 Antilope (Cephalophus) platyotus, 108 Antilope (Cephalophus) sylvioul- trix, 63 Antilope einerea, 204 Antilope coerulesoens, 204 Antilope defassa, 232, 242 Antilope doroas, 33 Antilope doria, 89 Antilope eleotragus, 203, 221 Antilope ellipsiprymnus, 226 Antilope elypsiprymnus, 227 Antilope forfex, 258 Antilope frederici, 94 Antilope fulvo-rufesoens, 147 Antilope fulvorufula, 220 Antilope (Gazella) capreolus, 199 Antilope (Gazella) grimmia, 114 Antilope (Gazella) oreotragus, 124 Antilope (Gazella) pygmsea, 169 Antilope gnou, 50 Antilope gnu, 50 Antilope gorgon, 54 Antilope grimmia, 114 Antilope (Grimmia) grimmia, 86 Antilope (Grimmia) mergens, 108 Antilope (Grimmia) sylvioultrix, 63 Antilope grisea, 33, 156 Antilope harnieri, 234 Antilope hastata, 135 Antilope hempriohiana, 174 Antilope hemprichii, 174 Antilope ibex, 147 Antilope isabellina, 204 Antilope klippspringer, 123 Antilope kob, 253 Antilope koba, 241 Antilope lalandia, 220 Antilope lalandii, 221 INDEX UO Antilope lanata, 200 Antilope landiana, 220 Antilope leucotis, 266 Antilope lichtensteini, 29 Antilope lunata, 37 Antilope maoulata, 33 Antilope madoka, 174 Antilope madoqua, 117, 175 Antilope maxwelli, 94 Antilope melanotis, 155 Antilope melanura, 133 Antilope mergens, 107 Antilope miouta, 101 Antilope montana, 138 Antilope monticola, 100 Antilope moschata, 160 Antilope (Nagor) redunca, 211 Antilope (Neotragus) madoka, 174 Antilope (Neotragus) pygmaea, 169 Antilope (Neotragus) saltiana, 174 Antilope niotitans, 107 Antilope ocularis, 113 Antilope (ffigocerus) ellipsiprym- nus, 226 Antilope ogilbyi, 83 Antilope oleotragus, 204 Antilope oreotragus, 123, 204 Antilope ourebi, 133 Antilope (Ourebia) oreotragus, 124 Antilope (Ourebia) scoparia, 133 Antilope pallida, 157 Antilope pediotragus, 157 Antilope perpusilla, 170 Antilope personata, 33 Antilope perspisilla, 101 Antilope pluto, 91 Antilope ptox, 108 Antilope pygarga, 33 Antilope pygmsea, 100, 169 Antilope (Kapbioerus) acutioor- nis, 147 Antilope (Eaphicerus) subulata, 147 Antilope redunca, 211, 214 Antilope (Eedunca) bobor, 214 Antilope (Redunca) eleotragus, 204 Antilope (Redunca) redunca, 211 Antilope (Redunca) villosa, 200 Antilope regia, 169 Antilope reversa, 211 Antilope rubro-albescens, 156 Antilope rufa, 211 Antilope rufescens, 157 Antilope rupestris, 147 11. Antilope saltatrix, 123 Antilope saltatrixoides, 124 Antilope saltiana, 174 Antilope scoparia, 133 Antilope senegalensis, 39, 242 Antilope silvicultrix, 63 Antilope sing-sing, 241 Antilope spinigera, 169 Antilope (Spinigera) spiniger, 169 Antilope sylvicultrix, 63 Antilope taurina, 54 Antilope (Terpone) longiceps, 66 Antilope (Tragelapbus) ogilbyi, 83 Antilope tragulus, 146 Antilope tragulus melanotis, 156 Antilope (Tragulus) oreotragus, 124 Antilope tragulus pallida, 157 Antilope tragulus rupestris, 147 Antilope unctuosa, 241 Antilope vardoni, 268 Antilope villosa, 200 Antilope zebra, 89 Antilope zebrata, 89 aruudinaoea, Cemas, 204 arundinacea, Cervicapra, 205 arundinaceus, Antilope, 204 arundinaceus, Eleotragus, 204, 214, 221 arundineum occidentalis, Cervi- capra, 210 arundinum, Antilope, 203 arundinum, Cervicapra, 205 arundinum occidentalis, Redunca, 210 arundinum, Eedunca, 205 arundinum, Eedunca arundinum, 206 arundinum, Eedunca (Eleo- tragus), 203 aureus, Cephalopbus, 72 aureus, Oreotragus oreotragus, 127 avellanifrons, Kobus defassa, 237 badius, Cephalopbus, 80 bahr-keetae, Adenota kob, 259 bahr-keet£e, Kobus kob, 259 Baira, 196 batesi, Hylarnus, 166 batesi, Neotragus, 166 batesi, Neotragus (Hylarnus), 166 Beatragus, 32 Beatragus hunteri, 46 Beira, 196 Beui Israel, 175 T 274 INDEX bioolor, Cephalophus, 101 Blesbok, 36 Blue Wildebeest, 55 Bohor, 212, 214 bobor, Antilope (Eedunoa), 214 bohor, Cervioapra, 214, 215 bohor, Cervicapra redunca, 214 bohor cottoni, Cervicapra, 217 bohor, Eleotragus, 214 bohor nigeriensis, Cervicapra, 219 bohor, Eedunca, 214 bohor, Eedunoa redunca, 214 bohor ugandte, Cervioapra, 220 bohor wardi, Cervioapra, 215 Bontebok, 34 Bos connochaetes, 51 Bos gnou, 50 Bos gnu, 51 Boselaphus bubalis, 5, 8 boselaphus, Bubalis, 5, 8 Boselaphus oaama, 25 (Boselaphus) gnu, Antilope, 51 (Boselaphus) gnu, Cerophorus, 51 Boselaphus lichtensteini, 29 Boselaphus major, 6 bradshawi, Cephalophus natalen- sis, 71 brevicaudata, Antilope, 138 breviceps, Cephalophus, 80 breviceps, Kobus defassa, 238 Brindled Gnu, 55 brookei, Cephalophus, 84 brookii, Catoblepas, 59 bubale, Alcelaphus, 5 Bubalinae, 2 bubalinus, Alcelaphus, 5 Bubalis, 3 bubalis, Acronotus, 5 Bubalis albifrons, 85 bubalis, Alcelaphus, 5 bubalis, Antilope, 4 Bubalis boselaphus, 5 bubalis, Boselaphus, 5, 8 Bubalis bubalis, 5, 8 bubalis, Bubalis, 5, 8 Bubalis buselaphus, 4, 5 Bubalis oaama, 24 Bubalis oaama oaama, 27 Bubalis oaama selbornei, 27 Bubalis cama, 25 bubalis, Cerophorus (Alcelaphus), 5 Bubalis cokei, 18 Bubalis ookei ookei, 15 Bubalis cokei kongoni, 17 Bubalis cokei nakurae, 16 Bubalis ookei rothsohildi, 16 bubalis, Damalis, 5 Bubalis hunteri, 46 Bubalis jacksoni, 21 Bubalis jaoksoni insignis, 23 Bubalis jimeru, 44 Bubalis koba, 42 Bubalis lelwel, 19, 21 Bubalis lelwel insignis, 23 Bubalis lelwel jacksoni, 21 Bubalis lelwel lelwel, 20 Bubalis lelwel niediecki, 23 Bubalis lelwel roosevelti, 24 Bubalis lelwel tsohadensis, 20 Bubalis lelwel typica, 20 Bubalis leuooprymnus, 29 Bubalis lichtensteini, 29 Bubalis lunatus, 37 Bubalis major, 6 Bubalis mauretanica, 5 Bubalis nakurae, 16 Bubalis neumanni, 18 Bubalis niediecki, 28 Bubalis noacki, 18 Bubalis pygarga, 84 Bubalis rothschildi, 16 Bubalis swaynei, 12 Bubalis tora, 8, 9 Bubalis tora digglei, 11 Bubalis tora neumanni, 18 Bubalis tora noacki, 18 Bubalis tora rahatensis, 11 Bubalis tora swaynei, 12 Bubalis tora tora, 10 Bubalis tora typica, 10 Bubalus gnu, 52 Bubalus lunatus, 37, 42 Bubalus mauritanicus, 5 buffoni, Adenota, 254 Buffon's Kob, 256 burohelli, Antilope, 108 burchelli, Antilope (Cephalophus) ,. 107 burchelli, Cephalophus, 107 burohelli, Grimmia, 108 buselaphus, Antilope, 4 buselaphus, Bubalis, 4, 5 Butragus, 48 Butragus oorniculatus, 54 oaama, Acronotus, 25 oaama, Alcelaphus, 25 oaama, Antilope, 24 oaama, Boselaphus, 25 oaama, Bubalis, 24 oaama, Bubalis oaama, 27 INDEX 275 caama, Cerophorus (Alcelaphus), 25 caama, Damalis, 25 caama selbornei, Bubalis, 27 ciErulea, Antilope (Cephalophus), 100 caeruleus, Cephalophus, 101 caffer, Cephalophus pygmaeus, 101 caffra, Sylvicapra, 108 callipyga, Cephalophelia, 85 callipygus, Cephalophus, 85 Calotragus, 145 Calotragus campestris, 147 Calotragus capreolus, 200 Calotragus hastata, 135 Calotragus melanotis, 156 Calotragus melanotis pallida, 157 Calotragus montanus, 138 Calotragus oreotragus, 124 Calotragus oureby, 133 Calotragus rufescens, 157 Calotragus saltatrix, 124 Calotragus saltatrixoides, 126 Calotragus saltianus, 175 Calotragus scoparius, 133 Calotragus spiuiger, 170 Calotragus tragulus, 147 oama, Bubalis, 25 campbelliae, Antilope (Cephalo- phus), 116 campbellise, Cephalophus, 116 campbelliae, Cephalophus grimmi, 116 campbelliae, Grimmia, 116 campbelliae, Sylvicapra, 116 campbelliffi, Sylvicapra coronata, 116 campestris, Antilope, 146, 147 campestris, Calotragus, 147 campestris capricornis, Baphi- cerus, 153 campestris capricornis, Ehaphi- ceros, 153 campestris, Nanotragus, 148 campestris natalensis, Eaphicerus, 151 campestris, Neotragus, 148 campestris neumarmi, Eaphicerus, 151 campestris neumanni, Ehaphi- ceros, 151 campestris, Pediotragus, 148 campestris, Eaphicerus, 146, 148 campestris, Eaphicerus campes- tris, 149 campestris, Ehaphiceros, 148 campestris, Ehaphioerus, 148 campestris stigmaticus, Eaphi- cerus, 152 campestris typious, Ehaphiceros, 149 cana, Cemas, 107 oanesoens, Kobus ellipsiprymnus, 229 Cape Hartebeest, 25 capensis, Antilope, 51, 147 Capra cervicapra, 33 Capra grimmia, 107, 146 Capra monticola, 100 Capra pygmaea, 169 Capra scripta, 33 capreolus, Antilope, 199 capreolus, Antilope (Gazella), 199 capreolus, Calotragus, 200 capreolus, Cemas, 199 capreolus, Cervicapra, 200 capreolus, Bleotragus, 200 capreolus, Eleotr